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991.
S. Efrat 《Diabetologia》1998,41(12):1401-1409
Summary The application of gene therapy to Type I (insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus awaits improvements in gene transfer technologies
and the development of better tools for accurate diagnosis of pre-diabetic people. Identification of the most promising candidate
genes for gene transfer requires further elucidation of the molecular events involved in beta-cell autoimmune destruction,
islet ontogeny and differentiation, and beta-cell function. This review outlines a number of possible targets for gene therapy
in Type I diabetes, which could help prevent the autoimmune damage to islets, induce islet regeneration, and restore insulin
production through engineering of self non-beta cells or beta-cell transplantation. It also evaluates their potential merits
and drawbacks. [Diabetologia (1998) 41: 1401–1409] 相似文献
992.
Noriaki Yorioka Yoshihiko Taniguchi Kazuomi Yamashita Koji Usui Kenichiro Shigemoto Satoru Harada Takashi Taguchi Michio Yamakido 《Pediatric nephrology (Berlin, Germany)》1996,10(4):515-516
A 13-year-old Japanese girl presented with severe anemia and renal dysfunction. The nephronophthisis-medullary cystic disease
complex was diagnosed from the results of renal biopsy and a family study. Immunohistochemical detection of hepatocyte growth
factor in the epithelial cells of dilated renal tubules suggested that it may have a role in the development of the tubular
cystic changes which are characteristic of this disease.
Received May 16, 1995; received in revised form November 20, 1995; accepted December 12, 1995 相似文献
993.
Tsuyoshi Takahashi Akira Kakita Eiji Inagi Kazunori Furuta Hisanao Izumika Muneki Yoshida Harumi Omiya Yoshinori Isobe 《Surgery today》1994,24(9):840-843
A 71-year-old man who developed jaundice with a high-grade fever was admitted to our hospital. The episode was ascribed to cholecysto-choledocholithiasis. In the preoperative evaluation, a cavernous transformation of the portal vein and an early gastric cancer were found. The patient thereafter underwent an operation for those pathologies after the endoscopic removal of a choledochal stone; cholecystectomy, and a distal gastrectomy with regional lymph node dissection for gastric cancer. The proposed procedures of gastrectomy and cholecystectomy were completed without any major difficulty because no markedly enlarged collateral veins were found in the area where the regional lymph node dissection was carried out. Thanks to advances in imaging modalities, an asymptomatic cavernous transformation of the portal vein coinciding with gastric cancer such as that seen in the present case may be increasingly encountered in the future. The greatest caution, however, needs to be exerted at operation to minimize any unexpected bleeding and to avoid any interruption of the porto-portal shunts in such cases. Further, the reestablishment of the portal blood supply to the liver might be required in advanced cases of gastric cancer, where regional lymph node dissection may necessitate skeletonization of the hepatoduodenal ligament for curative purposes. 相似文献
994.
Ryuchi Munakata Jun Cheng Tamio Nakajima Takashi Saku 《Journal of oral pathology & medicine》1998,27(4):180-184
An autopsied case of an 80-year-old man with spindle cell carcinoma of the gingiva is reported. The tumor was polypoid and mostly composed of a sarcomatous proliferation of spindle cells with a small focus of squamous cell carcinoma at the stalk portion. The carcinoma metastasized to a cervical lymph node, lungs and pleura with extension to the diaphragm. In the metastatic lymph node, the squamous cell component was more prominent than the spindle cell one, while only anaplastic pleomorphic carcinoma cells were found in the lungs. The spindle or anaplastic cells were immunohistochemically positive for vimentin and carci-noembryonic antigen (CEA) but not for other epithelial antigens. We have concluded that the sarcomatoid component arose from the oral squamous cell carcinoma by a metaplastic process. This is the first case report of an oral spindle cell carcinoma examined by autopsy. 相似文献
995.
Glial process elongation and branching in the developing murine neocortex: a qualitative and quantitative immunohistochemical analysis 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
Cells of astroglial lineage in the murine cerebrum undergo a succession of transformations during prenatal and early postnatal development. The bipolar radial cell, the earliest astroglial form to appear, provides a radially aligned, parallel array of fibers that serves as a guide to neuronal migration. The multipolar astrocyte is the representative of this lineage that persists in the adult cerebrum. The processes of the multipolar astrocytes form a complex reticulum, which is considered critical to the development, function, and maintenance of neural circuits. A monopolar radial cell appears to be transitional between the two. The shift from the radial glial fiber system to a diffuse glial network is achieved largely in the E17-P2 interval in the mouse. This phenomenon has been studied qualitatively and quantitatively by staining cerebral tissue with monoclonal antibody RC2, a specific and sensitive ligand for cells of astroglial lineage in the mouse. Elongation and branching of glial processes contribute to the glial transformation. Elongation of radial fibers occurs under the guidance of other radial glial fibers (fasciculated elongation) or independently of other fibers (nonfasciculated elongation). Fasciculated elongation results in an increase in the density of radial glial fibers that span the cortical layers. Nonfasciculated elongation appears to be associated with process branching. This is the initial event in transformation of the bipolar radial cells to monopolar radial or multipolar cells. Only nonfasciculated elongation is characteristic of processes of the monopolar radial cells and multipolar astrocytes. Branching of the processes of all three cell forms appears to occur both by bifurcation at the elongating tip and by sprouting from the fiber shaft. Elongating fibers are tipped by growth cones that are relatively simple in shape as compared to those observed at the tips of elongating axons. Growth cones at the tips of nonfasciculated fibers are more complex in form than those at the tips of radial fibers elongating in contact with other radial fibers. 相似文献
996.
Sandra L. Giannini Pascale Hubert Jean Doyen Jacques Boniver Philippe Delvenne 《International journal of cancer. Journal international du cancer》2002,97(5):654-659
We have addressed the notion that the initiation and progression of human papillomavirus associated cancer of the uterine cervix are associated with alterations of Langerhans cells (LC) within the mucosal squamous epithelium. Since the transformation zone (TZ) of the cervix is the site where the majority of squamous intraepithelial lesions (SIL) are initiated, in contrast to the exocervix, we decided to investigate the influence of the local microenvironment within the TZ on the function and density of LC. We show that the TZ is associated with a significant reduction in the density of immature LC (CD1a/LAG) compared to the exocervix. In contrast, the development of SILs is attributed with a relative increased density of immature LC, compared to the TZ. Furthermore, we show that this variability in LC density is correlated with a differential expression of TNFα and MIP3α within the micro‐environment of the TZ and SILs. Both TZ and SIL epithelium‐derived LC, in the presence of allogeneic PBMC, induced lower levels of proliferation and IL2 production and higher levels of the immunosuppressive cytokine IL10 in comparison to the exocervix. Nevertheless, the epithelium‐derived LC in SILs exhibits a reduction in their functional activity, relative to the TZ. Together our studies suggest that the immunosurveillance within the epithelium of the TZ may be intrinsically perturbed due to the altered expression of chemokines/cytokines and the concomitant diminished density of LC. Furthermore, following HPV infection and the development of SILs, the function of LC may be further incapacitated by viral associated mechanisms. © 2001 Wiley‐Liss, Inc. 相似文献
997.
本文报道16例慢性粒细胞白血病(CGL)骨髓活检组织学变异的结果,其中CGL慢性期初治6例,复治4例;CGL急变4例和完全缓解2例。各期骨髓组织学变化与细胞成分和造血细胞过度增生有关。急变期可出现骨小梁紊乱、水肿和坏死等。骨髓细胞学检查2例完全缓解,骨髓组织学检查仅1例完全缓解。纤维组织增生在各期均可发生,完全缓解时似可恢复正常,增生是病情进展和预后不良的指征。 相似文献
998.
Frederick Y. Chen Lishan Aklog Brian J. deGuzman David B. Lautz Rashid M. Ahmad Rita G. Laurence Gregory S. Couper Lawrence H. Cohn Thomas A. McMahon 《Annals of biomedical engineering》1998,26(3):454-461
Previously, a modification to the Sunagawa engineering model for the isolated left ventricle and arterial system was proposed and validated for dynamic cardiomyoplasty in an acute goat preparation. To test the hypothesis that this model may be applied to the clinical scenario in cardiomyoplasty patients, we predicted human stroke volume using the model with human clinical data from the literature. Predicted stroke volume correlated well with published stroke volume in patients who have had the dynamic cardiomyoplasty procedure. These results suggest that the modest hemodynamic improvement commonly reported after the procedure is performed may be due to diminished latissimus dorsi strength after transformation. The validity of both the original Sunagawa model and the previously proposed modification for dynamic cardiomyoplasty is further supported with these results. A nomogram methodology for predicting stroke volume after dynamic cardiomyoplasty for any particular patient is presented. 相似文献
999.
用136mJ/cm~2短波紫外线照射小鼠,T细胞转化受抑制,抑制率为56%,此作用照射后12小时最为明显,36小时恢复正常。同等剂量照射下对T辅助细胞产生白介素2及胸腺细胞自发增殖无显著性影响。用特大剂量1085mJ/cm~2照射,T细胞转化无显著变化。 相似文献
1000.
Shi You-en 《华中科技大学学报(医学英德文版)》1985,5(2):78-85
Summary The aim of this study is to carry out enzymatic digestion of cell wall polysaccharides using β-(1–3)-glucanase to prepare
antigen extracts of cell wall and cytoplasma of Candida albicans. These antigens were used to measure in vitro lymphocyte
transformation and in vivo skin test responses in rabbits following inoculation with living C. albicans. The results of this
study show that both cell-wall and cytoplasmic antigens of C. albicans in both the yeast and mycelial phases induce high levels
of transformation in the infected host. The in vivo skin test, which gave indurated reactions typical of delayed type hypersensitivity,
confirmed the in vitro findings. In addition, the in vitro cellular responses were not influenced in any major way by the
presence of immune serum. Whole blood and purified leukocyte microculture techniques were established to test cellular reactivity
in vitro. Although no report was found in the literature previously on the use of the whole blood leukocyte (WBL) assay system
for the measurement of cellular mediated immune (CMI) responses to Candida antigens, the correlation between the WBL and peripheral
blood leukocyte assay system indicates that its use is a valid way to measure CMI in vitro. The nature of the cells involved
in the in vitro response of immunized rabbits was further characterized. Leukocyte cultures depleted of T-cells, B-cells or
monocytes showed that T-cells and monocytes were essential for the production of the transformation response in vitro. 相似文献