The Fifth International Interdisciplinary Conference on Clinical Supervision

Doctoral students in counselor education and supervision programs take a course specific to clinical supervision as part of their doctoral course work. The transition from supervisee to supervisor occurring during this course can be challenging, as it is frequently the first time that students are asked to provide supervision to counselors in training. The purpose of this qualitative research was to gain information about the process of doctoral students' development from supervisees into supervisors. Significant themes emerged from the data related to the transition of becoming supervisors: the importance of creating the supervisory relationship and the need for further supervisory skills.     

The Use of a Peer Supervision Group by Social Work Clinicians

We describe the origin and structure of a peer supervision group organized by social workers and ongoing for five years. Peer supervision was our response to a felt need for the social work practitioner to continue to develop professionally. The group has met a wide range of professional needs for social work practitioners. Group members were generally eager for the opportunity to discuss case material with one another. We foresee such peer group supervision as a viable mechanism for providing consultation and continuing education for experienced clinicians.     

A supervision training program for school counseling site supervisors

Most school counseling site supervisors have not received training in clinical supervision despite regularly serving as supervisors for school counseling students. In this article, we describe how one university has created a clinical faculty supervision training program for school counselors to address this need. The program infrastructure, training activities, session content, and evaluation methods are described. We present informal program evaluation data (N = 19) assessing participants’ perspectives of the program and discuss implications for supervision training.     

Analysis of junior doctor supervision in Australasian emergency departments

Background: Supervision of junior doctors in ED is vital but limited literature exists on how it is provided. Objective: To assess Australasian ED supervision and review regional legislature supervision requirements. Methods: Between December 2008 and June 2009 emails containing a link to a cross‐sectional survey were sent to Directors of Emergency Medicine Training in all Australasian ED accredited for advanced training. Non‐responding ED were subsequently contacted by telephone or email. Regional legislature supervision requirements were obtained from postgraduate medical councils. Results: A total of 103 (98.1%) of 105 ED participated. Senior review in person was mandatory in 43.2% of ED for patients of PGY1 (postgraduate year 1 doctors) and 6.1% of ED for patients of PGY2 (P < 0.001). Of ED without mandatory review, 13% had written guidelines detailing which patients required review. When ED consultants were on‐site, they most commonly provided supervision in 60.2% of ED and shared supervision equally with registrars in 35.7% of ED; when consultants were off‐site registrars most commonly provided supervision in 87.6% of ED. Fewer major regional/rural base hospitals had 24 h PGY3 or above supervision than major referral and urban district hospitals (82.6% vs 100% and 100%, P < 0.01). Regional legislature requirements varied with no universal guidelines. Conclusion: There are significant differences between supervision requirements for PGY1 and PGY2. A minority of ED in Australasia do not have 24 h supervision by PGY3 or higher. Few ED have written guidelines for supervising PGY1 and PGY2. The majority of registrar supervision occurs without consultant oversight. Legislature requirements for supervision in ED are variable between regions.     

医院物资采购全程监督的实践

医院物资点多面广,专业性强,采购活动中涉及各个环节。文章按照医院物资采购的常规流程,对采购活动中各个环节的作用进行了分析,阐述了医院物资采购全程监督的实施要点。     

对转型时期我国药品监管体制的宏观思考

法律制度的良好实施以科学的理念和有效的运行体制作为基础。当前,我国药品监管正处于转型时期,亟待建立起以风险规制理念为指导的现代监管体制。首先,需要在横向和纵向两个方面合理配置药品监管机构的职能,避免职能交叠和监管盲区,同时在事前与事中两个维度强化监管;其次,要进一步提升药品监管效能,对内提升监管部门自身能力,对外加强企业自控与行业自律;最后,要通过行政问责制督促药品监管部门依法履行职责,确保公众健康。     

Clinical Supervision in Effectiveness and Implementation Research

The role of clinical supervision in the larger‐scale implementation of effective mental health treatments has begun to attract attention in effectiveness research and implementation science. Clinical supervision approaches demonstrated to support the implementation of effective treatments could provide a fruitful basis for adaptation to the contours and implementation of other interventions. The adaptation of the Multisystemic Therapy supervision model to support the implementation of an innovative, experimental mental health service model called Links to Learning is described. An observational study provides the platform for consideration of the extent to which the Links supervision model was implemented as intended and of challenges to Links implementation illuminated by the supervision process. Implications are considered for research on supervision as a tool to effect the implementation and outcomes of effective treatment and service models in community practice contexts.     

药品互联网交易的监管风险与对策

目的提高监管效率效能,保障药品安全,推进药品安全治理体系和治理能力现代化。方法运用风险管理的理论和方法,对各级药品互联网交易监管部门的执法人员进行风险识别问卷调查,分析风险存在原因,提出控制对策。结果与结论药品互联网交易监管的风险点包括监管人员数量不足,人员专业性不强,缺乏卫生及医学类、药学类、法学类和计算机类人才,法律法规不完善,因前置许可取消的违法行为多样化和复杂化;药品互联网交易法规相对滞后,导致无法可依;监管资源与药品互联网交易的发展不相适应;互联网违法行为给传统行政处罚规则带来挑战等。建议加强事中事后监管,完善药品互联网经营质量管理规范;完善药品互联网交易法律法规体系,实现药品互联网交易的全过程监管;提高药品互联网交易监管技术水平,改进电子取证程序与手段;加强区域合作,构建打击互联网药品违法犯罪"一张网"。     

注射制剂药品说明书印制标准化研究

目的 分析注射制剂药品包装及说明书印制现状,为规范我国药品包装和说明书印制提供参考。方法 以上海交通大学医学院附属上海儿童医学中心为样本医院,系统分析其静脉用药调配中心(PIVAS)提供的药品说明书的药品品种,最小包装材质及含说明书的最小包装药品中药品数量及最小包装材质,并测量说明书尺寸。结果 样本医院PIVAS配备的品种覆盖面广,具有较强代表性;共收集到190种药品说明书,最小包装材质88种(46.32%)为西林瓶,65种(34.21%)为安瓿瓶。164种(86.32%)药品说明书尺寸在A4范围内。结论 注射制剂采用大包装装盒,并采用标准化尺寸印制药品说明书是可行的。