A Clinicopathologic Case Report of Inflammatory Pseudotumors Involving the Conjunctiva and Lung

Background Inflammatory pseudotumors are characterized histopathologically by aggregates of inflammatory lymphocytes, plasma cells, neutrophils, and fibroblasts. We report a rare case of inflammatory pseudotumor involving both the conjunctiva and lung.Case A 58-year-old man with a 6-year history of pulmonary inflammatory pseudotumor was referred to our hospital for evaluation of conjunctival swelling in the left eye and bilateral iritis.Observations The subconjunctival tumor enlarged slowly, but regressed spontaneously. After partial resection of the subconjunctival and lung tumors, the presence was confirmed of aggregates of chronic inflammatory cells (lymphocytes, plasma cells, neutrophils, fibroblasts) without noncaseating epithelioid granuloma formation. Gene rearrangement testing ruled out malignancy. The patient was treated with oral corticosteroids for fever and primary biliary hepatic cirrhosis. Iritis signs subsided slightly in response to corticosteroids, but persisted. The temporal subconjunctival pseudotumor resolved without recurrence.Conclusions This case was compatible histopathologically with inflammatory pseudotumor, and is a rare case of simultaneous occurrence in the lung and conjunctiva. Jpn J Ophthalmol 2004;48:573–577 © Japanese Ophthalmological Society 2004     

亚甲蓝及粘弹剂在泪囊鼻腔吻合术中的应用

目的:探讨亚甲蓝及粘弹剂在泪囊鼻腔吻合术中的应用价值。方法:对慢性泪囊炎患者21例21眼(其中6例6眼为小泪囊慢性泪囊炎)施行泪囊鼻腔吻合手术,术中应用亚甲蓝及粘弹剂。术后随访3mo～1a,观察手术疗效。结果:所有21眼中治愈19眼,好转2眼,治愈率90.5%,总有效率100.0%。其中6眼小泪囊慢性泪囊炎中治愈4眼,好转2眼。结论:亚甲蓝及粘弹剂在泪囊鼻腔吻合术中的应用可有效提高手术成功率,小泪囊慢性泪囊炎可作为泪囊鼻腔吻合术的手术适应证。     

Café-au-lait macules and pediatric malignancy caused by biallelic mutations in the DNA mismatch repair (MMR) gene PMS2

A 14-year-old male presented with a T4 sigmoid adenocarcinoma, <10 colonic adenomas and multiple café-au-lait macules. Family history was not suggestive of a dominant hereditary form of colorectal cancer. Evaluation of the tumor revealed abnormal immunohistochemical staining of the PMS2 protein and high frequency microsatellite instability. Germline analysis identified biallelic PMS2 missense mutations. A new cancer syndrome caused by biallelic mutations in the mismatch repair genes, including PMS2, is now emerging and is characterized by café-au-lait macules, colonic polyps and a distinctive tumor spectrum.     

Colorectal Cancer Screening Program in Songjiang district,Shanghai between 2015 and 2017: Evaluation of participation rate and the associated factor

Little is known about the participation rate of newly implemented colorectal cancer (CRC) screening programs in China. Our goals were to identify factors associated with nonparticipation for CRC screening in Songjiang District, Shanghai.We analyzed individuals included in an observational cohort study from 4 towns (Xin Qiao, She Shan, Mao Gang, and Zhong Shan) in Songjiang District. The participation rate was calculated for the CRC screening program based on a fecal immunochemical test and a risk assessment questionnaire between 2015 and 2017 inclusive.Of the 27,130 individuals eligible for inclusion in this study, 20,863 (76.9%) participated in CRC screening at least once during 2015 and 2017. The factors linked with nonparticipation were; being male (odds ratio [OR] 0.87, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.82–0.93, P < .01), unmarried (OR 0.71, 95% CI 0.64–0.80, P < .01), having a high education level (middle school, OR 0.82, 95% CI 0.74–0.90, P < .01, high school or above, OR 0.64, 95% CI 0.57–0.73, P < .01), absence of chronic disease (OR 0.90, 95% CI 0.85–0.96, P < .01), and living in 2 out of the 4 towns covered (Xin Qiao, OR 0.72, 95% CI 0.66–0.78, P < .01, Zhong Shan, OR 0.29, 95% CI 0.26–0.31, P < .01).The current study revealed several associated factors with nonparticipation for the CRC screening in Songjiang district. These findings will help identify target populations that require an individualized approach to increase the participation rate.     

Lung contusion after extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy for pancreatic stones: A case report

Background:Pancreatic extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (P-ESWL) is recommended as the first-line treatment for large pancreatic stones. While complications such as post-P-ESWL pancreatitis, bleeding, infection, steinstrasse, and perforation have been reported in the past 30 years, lung contusion has never been reported. The present case demonstrates lung contusion as a complication after P-ESWL.Methods:A 48-year-old man was admitted to our department due to painful chronic pancreatitis with pancreatic duct stones. Computed tomography revealed normal lungs. P-ESWL was performed. The shock wave head contacted with right upper quadrant and the path of shock wave was at a 45° angle to the ventral midline. After P-ESWL, multiple patchy high-density shadows in the lower lobe of right lung were found, which was normal before P-ESWL. The patient had no symptoms of lung injury.Results and Conclusion:Laboratory studies revealed elevated D-dimer from 0.33 to 0.74 ug/mL, which was consistent with abnormal clotting of lung contusion. Chest computed tomography showed slight pleural effusion. Considering the interval between 2 X-rays was only 3 hours, we inferred that lung contusion was related to P-ESWL. The patient displayed stable vital signs, therefore, no specific interventions were conducted. Three days after P-ESWL, endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography was performed and the lung shadows were partially absorbed. Considering the location of shock wave head, it was possible to cause lung contusion in lower lobe of right lung. More than 10,000 P-ESWL therapeutic sessions had been performed in our center since 2010, and it is the first case about lung contusion as a complication. It is also the first report to describe lung contusion after P-ESWL. Although the patient was asymptomatic, it should raise awareness of clinicians.     

DH与DF方案治疗晚期食管癌的前瞻性随机对照研究

目的:本研究拟比较羟基喜树碱(喜素,HCPT)联合顺铂(DDP)与顺铂联合5-氟尿嘧啶(5-Fu)治疗晚期食管癌的近期疗效及不良反应。方法:对60例经病理证实的晚期食管癌初治患者给予联合化疗,随机分为DH组或DF。每组各30例,DH组病例应用HCPT(6mg/m2d1~3)加DDP(25mg/m2d1~3),DF组病例应用5-Fu(750mg/m2d1~5)加DDP(25mg/m2d1~3),21d为一个周期,每例患者治疗少于2个周期。结果:DH组患者总有效率为46.7%,中位缓解期4.2个月;DF组患者总有效率为50.0%,中位生存期3.8个月,两组有效率比较差异无显著性。最常见的毒副反应为骨髓抑制和恶心、呕吐,DH组20.0%(6/30)出现Ⅲ~Ⅳ度白细胞下降,DF组13.3%(4/30)出现Ⅲ~Ⅳ度白细胞下降,二者比较差异无统计学意义,DH组和DF的Ⅲ Ⅳ度恶心、呕吐反应发生率分别为33.3%和30.0%,差别无统计学意义。DH组腹泻发生率26.7%,但可耐受。结论:DH与DF方案相比,疗效相似,不良反应虽有所不同,但毒性可以耐受,是对晚期食管癌有效的化疗方案之一。     

血必净对大鼠肝缺血-再灌注后急性肺损伤的保护作用

目的观察肝脏缺血-再灌注后急性肺损伤的发病机制及血必净对其的干预作用。方法将健康雄性Wistar大鼠90只随机分3组:假手术组(SOG组)30只,缺血再灌注组(I/R组)30只,血必净组(XBJ组)组30只。XBJ组术前3d经尾静脉注射血必净注射液5ml·kg-1·d-1。于再灌注6h、12h、24h各组分别随机选取10只大鼠进行标本检测:观察大鼠肺脏组织病理切片;取新鲜肺组织测定湿/干重比(W/D)、肺组织髓过氧化物酶(MPO)含量,取动脉血检测血气分析(PaO2)。结果XBJ组较I/R组在相同时相点的肺脏病理改变较轻,MPO含量显著降低(P<0.01);W/D显著降低(P<0.01);PaO2升高(P<0.05)。结论血必净注射液对肝脏缺血-再灌注后急性肺损伤具有保护作用,该作用与抑制中性粒细胞在肺内集聚、减少氧自由基的产生有关。     

腹腔化疗前后腹水中端粒酶活性的变化及意义

目的 了解监测腹液中端粒酶活性(TA)用于诊断腹腔转移癌、评价腹腔化疗疗效及预后的临床价值.方法 应用端粒末端重复序列扩增-杂交-酶联免疫技术检测腹液中TA,分析腹腔转移癌患者腹腔化疗前后腹液中TA结果的变化与预后的关系.结果 腹腔转移癌腹液中TA的阳性结果(56/68)显著性高于良性腹水患者(2/33)(P<0.01),其阳性率也显著高于CEA、细胞学检测结果(P<0.01);化疗有效者的阳性结果(10/37)明显低于化疗无效者(28/31) (P<0.01),且化疗后TA阳性者6～18个月的生存人数显著性低于指标阴性者(P<0.01或P<0.05).结论 检测腹腔化疗前后腹液中TA对协助诊断腹腔转移癌、评价腹腔化疗疗效及判断预后都有较高的应用价值.