抑郁症神经生化机制的研究进展

抑郁症是一种病因相当复杂的疾病,近年来发现抑郁症患者在神经生化方面有许多改变。该文就近年来在抑郁症的神经递质及其受体和转运蛋白、G蛋白和第二信使系统以及神经内分泌系统等方面的研究进展加以综述。     

复发性卵巢上皮癌再次肿瘤细胞减灭术的临床意义及影响预后的因素

目的探讨再次肿瘤细胞减灭术（secondarycytoreductivesurgery,SCS）在复发性卵巢上皮癌（简称卵巢癌）治疗中的作用及影响预后的因素。方法回顾性分析复发性卵巢癌107例,按其治疗方式分为3组：手术组（化疗＋SCS）41例,单纯化疗组47例,未治疗组19例。比较其中位生存期,分析影响预后的因素。结果手术组、单纯化疗组的中位生存时间分别为29、23个月,两组间差别有统计学意义（P〈0．05）,未治疗组中位生存时间为7个月,与其他两组相比有统计学差异（P〈0．05）。在手术组中,SCS后肉眼完全切除与未完全切除的中位生存时间相比差异具有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。多变量分析中,无疾病间期（disease—freeintervals,DFI）〉12个月、单个复发灶、最大复发灶直径≤5cm,再次手术残余灶肉眼完全切除的患者中位生存期明显延长。结论满意的SCS和二线化疗均可改善患者预后;实施SCS应遵循个体化原则,筛选适当的患者,以更好地提高患者生存质量。     

Plasma motilin concentration in the second and third trimesters of pregnancy and postpartum

Plasma motilin concentrations were measured in 135 women during the second andthird trimesters of pregnancy and 3～5 d after delivery and the results were compared withthose of 20 healthy nonpregnant women.The mean plasma motilin concentration (323.96±125.10 ng/L) in women during the second trimester of pregnancy was lower than in healthynonpregnant women (366.12±96.23 ng/L) (P<0.05),but that was significantly higher thanin women during the third trimester of pregnancy (121.04±27.00 ng/L) (P<0.01);theplasma motilin concentration in women during 3～5d after delivery (443.05±140.79 ng/L)was significantly higher than that in pregnant women (P<0.01).The results showed thatpregnancy appears to have a profound inhibitory effect on plasma motilin,and this may partlybe responsible for the gastrointestinal hypomotility associated with pregnancy.     

枕大池二次注血法建立大鼠蛛网膜下腔出血模型及尼莫地平的脑保护作用

目的:建立一种适于研究蛛网膜下腔出血(SAH)诱发脑血管痉挛(CVS)的大鼠模型,并探讨尼莫地平的脑保护作用.方法:将Wistar大鼠分为假手术组(枕大池内注入0.3 mL生理盐水)、SAH模型组(无抗凝自体血0.3 mL注入枕大池)及SAH尼莫地平治疗组(简称治疗组,建模后30 min及术后每日均腹腔注射尼莫地平0....     

基于常用得分矩阵的神经网络法预测蛋白质的二级结构

本文用常用的得分矩阵代替传统的Qian编码作为神经网络的输入层预测了200个蛋白质二级结构。结果表明:以常用得分矩阵作为输入层的预测结果要优于Qian编码的预测性能。在200个蛋白质中,共有9个蛋白质的预测精度达到目前国际先进水平,即80%。这说明该方法具有一定的可行性。     

Chronic hypertension superimposed on preeclampsia at 13 gestational weeks: a case report with review

Preeclampsia is represented by hypertension and proteinuria in pregnancy. It usually occurs after 20 gestational weeks. There are few reports on preeclampsia before 20 gestational weeks. In this case, we report a patient with chronic hypertension superimposed with preeclampsia at 13 gestational weeks.

     

Standard Terminologies for Photoplethysmogram Signals

Photoplethysmography is one of the optical techniques has been developed for experimental use in vasculardisease. It has several advantages over other traditional experimental approaches. Because of its non-invasive, safe, costeffectiveand easy-to-use properties, it is considered as a useful diagnostic tool. The further developments in the Photoplethysmographmay replace it among other tools used in the assessment of vascular diseases such as blood test and ultrasound.This overview discusses the different terminologies used for the photoplethysmograph and reveals the researchdiscontinuity among different disciplines. Moreover, it suggests standard terminologies as a resolution for a confusionpersisted for more than 50 years.     

Reappraisal of the Traditional Wenckebach Phenomenon with a Modified Ladder Diagram

Understanding of the traditional Wenckebach phenomenon is enhanced by using a modified ladder diagram where AV conduction in any cycle is represented by a slanted line in the AV bar together with similar AV conduction lines of all the preceding cycles. The diagram facilitates calculation of the duration of RR intervals (equal to the basic PP or sinus interval minus the PR or AV increment applied to this particular cycle) and the duration of the pause (equal to 2 × PP or sinus interval minus the sum of all the increments applied to the AV delay). The modified Wenckebach diagram should help students understand the mysterious clustering of QRS complexes or “paradoxical” increase of the ventricular rate that occurs during a Wenckebach sequence. Ann Noninvasive Electrocardiol 2012;17(1):3–7     

Cellular Mechanisms of Renin Release

ABSTRACT

The renin-angiotensin system plays a central role in salt and water balance and in the regulation of arterial blood pressure. The level of activity of this system is determined primarily by the rate at which the granulated juxtaglomerular cells (JG cells) secrete renin into the blood. Physiologically, renin secretory rate is controlled by a number of first messengers: afferent arteriolar transmural pressure or some function of it, such as stretch (the baroreceptor mechanism); solute transport in the macula densa segment of the nephron (the macula densa mechanism); catecholamines released from the renal nerves and the adrenal medulla (the β-adrenergic mechanism); extracellular concentrations of many organic and inorganic substances including angiotensin II, vasopressin, K, and Mg (1-3). In addition to these physiological first messengers, a number of pharmacological agents affect renin secretion (3).

It is an accepted principle of cellular biology that first messengers act by affecting the intracellular concentrations of only a few second messengers. The evidence that intracellular free ionic calcium, cyclic AMP, and cyclic GMP are second messengers in renin secretion has been reviewed in detail recently (4-9). These reviews are cited extensively, since space limitations precluded citing all the original literature.