抑郁症康复技能训练程式在基层医院推广应用的价值研究

背景　抑郁症的康复技能训练是一种很好的辅助治疗方法，本课题通过引进成熟的抑郁症康复技术，使基层医务人员熟练掌握，为辖区内广大抑郁症患者开展康复训练，以期提高抑郁症患者的疗效，降低自杀风险。目的　探讨抑郁症康复技能训练程式在基层医院推广应用的价值。方法　选取门头沟区龙泉医院2018年1-9月门诊就诊的65例抑郁症患者为研究对象。入选患者全部接受康复训练，分别于训练前和训练结束3个月后采用汉密尔顿抑郁量表（HAMD）、社会功能缺陷筛选量表（SDSS）、服药依从性、自杀风险评估量表（nurses' global assessment of suicide risk，NGASR）和自杀风险问卷对患者进行评估。结果　共61例患者完成研究，与训练前比较，训练结束3个月后患者HAMD、SDSS评分明显降低，服药依从性除自行停药外均明显提高，自杀风险明显降低，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论　抑郁症康复训练程式能有效提高患者服药依从性，改善抑郁症状，减少自杀观念，在基层医院有推广价值。     

Exercise and Lifestyle Education program for Brazilians living with prediabetes and diabetes: A pilot randomized trial

AimsTo test the Diabetes College Brazil Study feasibility, the acceptability of study interventions and their preliminary effectiveness, and describe the study protocol modifications due to the COVID-19 pandemic.MethodsSingle-center, double-blinded pilot randomized trial with two parallel groups, Exercise and Lifestyle Education (ExLE; 12-week exercise and educational interventions) and Exercise (Ex; 12-week exercise intervention only) involving patients with prediabetes or diabetes. Feasibility (eligibility, recruitment, retention, completeness of variables measures and participation rates), acceptability (satisfaction), and preliminary effectiveness of interventions (variables: functional capacity, physical activity (PA), exercise self-efficacy, diabetes knowledge, health literacy, adherence to Mediterranean food pattern, glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), anthropometric measures, cardiac autonomic control, depression, and quality of life (QofL)).ResultsEligibility, recruitment, retention, participation in exercise sessions, and education classes rates were 17%, 93%,82%, 76%, and 71%, respectively. Missing data in the post-intervention assessment (PA, HbA1c, cardiac autonomic control, anthropometric measures, depression, and QofL) were mainly related to research procedure modifications. The interventions were highly acceptable, and most variables improved farther in the ExLE, with moderate effect sizes for PA, diabetes knowledge, health literacy, cardiac autonomic control, and QofL.ConclusionsThe Diabetes College Brazil Study is feasible, and the ExLE may benefit Brazilians living with prediabetes and diabetes.     

关节镜联合关节牵张成形术治疗踝关节创伤性关节炎

目的对比分析单纯关节镜手术与关节镜手术联合Ilizarov外固定架关节牵张术治疗踝关节创伤性关节炎的临床疗效。 方法纳入2016年10月至2018年4月聊城市中医医院收治的早中期踝关节创伤性关节炎患者30例，排除非创伤性关节炎和终末期踝关节炎。其中接受单纯踝关节镜手术者纳入对照组(n＝15)，接受关节镜手术联合Ilizarov外固定架关节牵张成形术者纳入研究组(n＝15)，术后随访6个月，对比分析两组患者的治疗效果：疼痛视觉模拟评分(VAS)、踝关节功能评分(Kofoed评分)以及生活质量的变化。计数资料比较采用卡方或Fisher精确检验，计量资料比较采用独立样本t检验。 结果研究组治疗有效率大于对照组(χ²＝7.214，P<0.05)，术后疼痛视觉模拟评分明显低于对照组(t ＝10.342，P<0.05)，Kofoed评分高于对照组(t ＝10.452，P<0.05)；研究组生活质量显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。 结论关节镜手术联合关节牵张成形术对早中期踝关节创伤性关节炎较单纯关节镜手术短期效果更好，可成为临床治疗中的一种选择，但远期效果尚需进一步研究。     

医用粘胶相关性皮肤损伤的文献计量学分析

目的: 应用文献计量学方法,分析国内外医用粘胶相关性皮肤损伤（Medical adhesive-related skin injuries,MARSI）文献的研究主题和热点。方法: 检索Cochrane Library、PubMed、EMbase、Web of science、sinoMed、CNKI、Wanfang、VIP等数据库MARSI相关文献,检索时限为建库至2019年5月。采用SPSS 22.0 软件进行文献计量分析,利用gCLUTO统计对国内外高频主题词进行聚类分析。结果: 共纳入论文103篇,其中外文文献占总文献量的27.18%,中文文献占总文献量的72.82%。聚类分析将国内外高频主题词聚为4大类,依次为皮肤损伤及损伤类型、相关危险因素、风险评估及风险管理、护理干预措施。结论: MARSI仍是国内外研究的热点,其发病机制研究仍处于探索阶段,目前尚缺乏有效的预防策略,研究领域较局限。在今后的研究中,应加强MARSI预防的研究、注重多学科合作。     

A comparison of head injuries in male and female lacrosse participants seen in US emergency departments from 2005 to 2016

Introduction

In the United States there has been a large increase in participation in lacrosse for both males and females. The purpose of this study was to analyze the number of head injuries, injury rates (calculated using the reported number of participants) and types of head injuries that are seen in emergency departments in the United States.