冠状动脉旁路移植术后早期穴位按压及腹部按摩对排便功能恢复的影响

目的探讨冠状动脉旁路移植术后早期实行手法按摩对排便功能恢复的影响。方法将93例冠状动脉旁路移植术后患者随机分为对照组46例,干预组47例,对照组按照常规给予治疗和护理,干预组除常规治疗护理外,术后第1天开始实施手法按摩足三里等5个穴位及腹部,每日3次,连续3d。结果干预组患者术后腹胀、排便恢复时间、焦虑、肺部感染发生率低于对照组,差异有统计学意义。结论冠状动脉旁路移植术后早期实行手法穴位按压及腹部按摩对防治腹胀、排便恢复非常有效,并且降低了患者出现焦虑,有助于减少肺部感染的发生。     

珍芪滴眼液熏蒸疗法对干眼的短期疗效

目的 观察珍芪滴眼液熏蒸疗法对干眼的疗效。设计 前瞻性、随机、开放、阳性滴眼液平行对照的临床试验。研究对象 2013-2015年北京同仁医院眼科门诊干眼患者96例,平均年龄（60.95±12.22）岁。方法 96例受试者随机分为试验组与对照组,各48例。两组均给予玻璃酸钠滴眼液,每日4次,每次1滴。在此基础上,试验组使用珍芪滴眼液熏蒸疗法,每天1次,每次20分钟。对照组给予珍芪滴眼液点眼,每日4次,每次1滴。观察用药4周受试者干眼症状及体征改善情况。主要指标 总有效率（临床显效+有效）、症状总分、Schirmer I试验（schirmer I test, SIt）、泪膜破裂时间（break-up time, BUT）、角膜荧光素染色评分。结果 治疗前试验组与对照组在症状总分、SIt、BUT、角膜荧光素染色计分上均无显著性差异。治疗4周试验组总有效率（81.25%）明显高于对照组（62.50%）（P=0.041）。治疗4周时试验组BUT为（7.53±3.78）s,对照组为（6.08±2.99）s,试验组明显高于对照组（P=0.041）。症状总分试验组为1.92±1.99,对照组为2.32±2.30,试验组明显低于对照组（P=0.031）。结论 珍芪滴眼液熏蒸疗法能有效治疗干眼,在玻璃酸钠滴眼液的基础上,该疗法优于珍芪滴眼液点眼治疗。（眼科,2016, 25： 347－350）     

大剂量左氧氟沙星配合前列腺按摩治疗ⅢA型前列腺炎的临床疗效分析

目的:探讨大剂量左氧氟沙星配合前列腺按摩治疗ⅢA型前列腺炎的临床疗效。方法:ⅢA型前列腺炎患者52例,所有患者均行经直肠前列腺按摩2次/周,同时口服左氧氟沙星片0.5g/次,1次/d,连续6周。分析治疗前后前列腺液常规白细胞计数及慢性前列腺炎疼痛评分、尿路症状评分及症状对生活质量影响的评分的变化。结果:治疗后患者前列腺液常规检查中白细胞计数明显减少,NIH慢性前列腺炎疼痛评分、尿路症状评分及症状对生活质量影响的评分均明显减少,与治疗前相比差异有统计学意义(P0.05),无不良反应发生。结论:大剂量左氧氟沙星配合前列腺按摩治疗ⅢA型前列腺炎疗效确切、安全。     

Tactile massage and severe nausea and vomiting during pregnancy--women's experiences

Nausea and vomiting during pregnancy is a condition with an obscure aetiology. The treatment is symptomatic but there is a lack of alternative treatments. Tactile massage is known to give relaxation and increased well-being in connection with different illnesses, but has never been studied on women with severe nausea and vomiting during pregnancy (SNVP). The aim of this study was to describe hospitalized women's experiences of SNVP and of tactile massage. A phenomenological method was used. Ten hospitalized women with SNVP were included. Each woman was given tactile massage on three separate occasions. After the final massage an open interview was used covering both the experience of severe nausea and vomiting, and of tactile massage. The findings revealed an essential meaning summarizing the experience: to obtain a relieving moment of rest and access to the whole body when nausea rules life. When nausea is experienced as controlling a woman's life, tactile massage is experienced as promoting relaxation and gives her an opportunity to regain access to her body. The findings suggest that tactile massage is a good alternative and complement to traditional treatment of SNVP.     

The quality of chest compressions by trained personnel: the effect of feedback, via the CPREzy, in a randomized controlled trial using a manikin model

Even after training, the ability to perform effective cardiac compressions has been found to be poor and to decrease rapidly. We assessed this ability with and without a non-invasive feedback device, the CPREzy, during a 270s CPR session in an unannounced, single-blinded manikin study using 224 hospital employees and staff chosen at random and using a non-cross over design. The two groups self-assessed their knowledge and skills as adequate. However, the control group (N=111) had significantly more difficulty in delivering chest compressions deeper than 4 cm (25 versus 1 candidate in the CPREzy group), P=0.0001. The control group compressed ineffectively in 36% (+/-41%) of all compressions as opposed to 6+/-13% in the CPREzy group (N=112, P=0.0001). If compressions were effective initially, the time until >50% of compressions were less than 4 cm deep was 75+/-81s in the control group versus 194+/-87 s in the CPREzy group (P=0.0001 [-180 to -57.5]). After a few seconds of training in its use, our candidates used the CPREzy effectively. Against the background knowledge that estimation of compression depth by the rescuer or other team members is difficult, and that performing effective compressions is the cornerstone of any resuscitation attempt, our data suggests that a feedback device such as the CPREzy should be used consistently during resuscitation.     

Effects of a backboard, bed height, and operator position on compression depth during simulated resuscitation

Objective To investigate the effect of a backboard, cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) provider body position and bed height on the quality of chest compression during simulated in-hospital resuscitation.Design and setting Randomised controlled cross-over trial in a university hospital.Participants Second-year medical student basic life support instructors.Interventions Chest compressions performed on a resuscitation manikin placed on a hospital bed with/without a CPR backboard, kneeling on the bed adjacent to the manikin and lowering the height of the bed.Measurements and results Sub-optimal chest compressions were performed on all surfaces. There were no differences in compression depth: standard CPR, 29 ± 7 mm; backboard CPR, 31 ± 10 mm; kneeling on the bed, 30 ± 7 mm; lowering bed height, 32 ± 10 mm. Compression rate and duty cycle were similar on each surface. Participants failed to recognise their poor quality CPR, and there was no difference in assessment of fatigue or efficacy of CPR between surfaces.Conclusions In contrast to current guidelines, the use of a CPR backboard did not improve chest compressions. Furthermore, kneeling on the bed adjacent to the victim or lowering bed height did not impact materially on the quality of chest compression. These findings should be validated in clinical studies.Electronic supplementary material The electronic reference of this article is . The online full-text version of this article includes electronic supplementary material. This material is available to authorised users and can be accessed by means of the ESM button beneath the abstract or in the structured full-text article. To cite or link to this article you can use the above reference.     

腹部按摩联合非营养性吸吮对早产儿胃肠道功能的影响

目的探讨腹部按摩联合非营养性吸吮对早产儿胃肠道功能的影响。方法将64例早产儿按入室先后时间分为观察组和对照组,每组各32例。观察组在常规治疗及护理的基础上实施腹部按摩联合非营养性吸吮,对照组行常规治疗及护理。观察并比较两组早产儿排便情况、摄入奶量、达到全胃肠喂养的时间、血糖、喂养耐受情况。结果与对照组比较,观察组排便次数多,胎粪排尽时间短,摄入奶量明显增加,达到经口全胃肠喂养时间明显缩短,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.01）;发生喂养不耐受及血糖异常亦较对照组明显减少,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。结论腹部按摩联合非营养性吸吮对早产儿胃肠道功能有明显的促进作用。     

足部穴位按摩对0级糖尿病足神经病变干预的临床研究

[目的]观察常规基础治疗上加足部穴位按摩对0级糖尿病足神经病变的干预效果.[方法]采用随机对照临床研究,实验组予糖尿病基础治疗+足部穴位按摩,对照组予糖尿病基础治疗,共治疗12周,观察两组临床总疗效、足部感觉异常(VAS评分)及神经传导速度、神经诱发电位波幅的变化.[结果]实验组在改善肢端麻木感、疼痛感、冷感、感觉减退和神经传导速度及诱发电位波幅等方面明显优于对照组(P<0.05或P<0.01),且临床总有效率(90%)明显高于对照组(30%,P<0.01).[结论]常规基础治疗+足部穴位按摩对0级糖尿病足神经病变有一定改善作用,可降低糖尿病足发生的危险.     

穴位按摩对减轻母婴分离产妇乳房胀痛的效果研究

目的 探讨穴位按摩对减轻母婴分离产妇乳房胀痛的效果.方法 选择母婴分离产妇100例,随机分成研究组及对照组各50例,对照组进行常规的乳房护理,研究组在产后第1天开始进行乳房穴位按摩,连续3 d.比较2组产后第3天产妇乳房胀痛程度的主观评分、乳房硬度、乳腺管通畅程度及乳房充盈度.结果 研究组产妇产后第3天乳房胀痛程度自我评分明显低于对照组,而乳房硬度及乳房充盈度明显优于对照组,乳腺管通畅度则比对照组高.结论 乳房穴位按摩可明显减轻母婴分离产妇乳房胀痛程度.     

喉部按摩法治疗功能性嗓音障碍的临床研究

目的探讨喉部按摩法在功能性嗓音障碍治疗中的意义。方法对33名功能性嗓音障碍患者进行喉部按摩治疗,比较分析其治疗前后平均言语基频（MSFF）、基频标准差（SD）,基频微扰（Jitter）．振幅微扰（shimmer）、标准化噪声能量（NNE）5个参数的变化和症状改善情况。结果治疗后患者的平均言语基频,基频标准差、基频微扰．振幅微扰与治疗前相比均有极显著性差异（P〈0．01）。并达到正常值范围;而标准化噪声能量与治疗前相比无显著性差异（P〉O．05）。结论喉部按摩法对大多数功能性嗓音障碍有较好疗效;嗓音治疗中应将现代化的客观测量技术与传统治疗手段相结合。