腹腔镜胆囊切除术治疗胆囊结石合并胆总管结石患者的近远期效果分析

目的分析腹腔镜胆囊切除术治疗胆囊结石合并胆总管结石患者的近远期效果。方法选取2017年1月至2018年1月我院收治的78例胆囊结石合并胆总管结石患者为研究对象,采用随机数字法将其分为传统组和腹腔镜组,各39例。传统组给予开腹胆囊切除术联合胆总管切开取石术治疗,腹腔镜组给予腹腔镜胆囊切除术治疗。比较两组手术前、后的疼痛缓解情况、应激反应指标、临床治疗效果、并发症发生情况及术后1年的复发率。结果手术后1个月,两组的NRS评分明显降低,且腹腔镜组明显低于传统组(P<0.05)。手术后,腹腔镜组的CRP及IL-6水平均低于传统组(P<0.05)。腹腔镜组的临床治疗总有效率为94.87%,明显高于传统组的71.79%(P<0.05)。腹腔镜组的并发症总发生率为7.69%,明显低于传统组的33.33%(P<0.05)。腹腔镜组术后1年的复发率明显低于传统组(P<0.05)。结论腹腔镜胆囊切除术治疗胆囊结石合并胆总管结石患者的近远期效果更加显著,值得临床推广应用。     

羟考酮注射液对腹腔镜袖状胃切除术患者血流动力学及镇痛效果的影响

目的探讨羟考酮注射液对腹腔镜袖状胃切除术(LSG)患者血流动力学及镇痛效果的影响。方法随机将2017年10月至2019年10月在我院进行LSG的180例患者分为观察组(n=90,羟考酮)与对照组(n=90,芬太尼)。比较两组血流动力学指标、血糖、Cor及E水平及镇痛效果。结果T0、T1、T2时,观察组的MAP、HR均低于对照组(P<0.05)。术后12 h,两组患者血糖、Cor及E水平均较术前升高,但观察组低于对照组(P<0.05)。术后6、12 h,观察组的VAS评分低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论羟考酮应用于LSG患者镇痛效果好,可减轻应激反应,促进患者血流动力学稳定。     

Renosplenic Shunting in the Nutcracker Phenomenon: A Discussion and Paradigm Shift in Options? A Novel Approach to Treating Nutcracker Syndrome

The nutcracker syndrome is a rare clinical manifestation of symptoms caused by the compression of the left renal vein by an overriding superior mesenteric artery, an anatomical variant otherwise known as the nutcracker phenomenon. Usually present in women and children, when symptomatic, it commonly presents with hematuria, proteinuria, and chronic pelvic pain. Effective modalities of treatment apart from conservative management, include both invasive surgical procedures such as renal vein transposition and autotransplantation of the kidney and more popular recently, the less invasive endovascular stenting. Both options, however, are not without complications, such as, retroperitoneal hematomas or stent migration, thrombosis and restenosis. We now present a case of spontaneous renosplenic shunting in a 68-year-old lady of Chinese descent with the nutcracker syndrome—the first of such cases to be ever reported in a patient with no preexisting predilection for chronic liver disease and portosystemic shunting. Despite having significant pelvic venous congestion as evident on computed tomography scans, she remained asymptomatic. This may present a novel paradigm shift for the treatment of the nutcracker syndrome —surgical creation of a renosplenic bypass instead of current modalities, an alternative solution which can be performed laparoscopically and is without problems related to stent use. The creation of laparoscopic splenorenal bypass has been reported once thus far in Cleveland Ohio by Chung and Gill with good symptomatic improvement but no further studies since to validate its long-term effectiveness.     

The evolution and refinements of varicocele surgery

Varicoceles had been recognized in clinical practice for over a century. Originally, these procedures were utilized for the management of pain but, since 1952, the repairs had been mostly for the treatment of male infertility. However, the diagnosis and treatment of varicoceles were controversial, because the pathophysiology was not clear, the entry criteria of the studies varied among centers, and there were few randomized clinical trials. Nevertheless, clinicians continued developing techniques for the correction of varicoceles, basic scientists continued investigations on the pathophysiology of varicoceles, and new outcome data from prospective randomized trials have appeared in the world''s literature. Therefore, this special edition of the Asian Journal of Andrology was proposed to report much of the new information related to varicoceles and, as a specific part of this project, the present article was developed as a comprehensive review of the evolution and refinements of the corrective procedures.     

Optimal timing of radical cystectomy in T1 high-grade bladder cancer

There has been an explosion in the development of microscopic and miniaturized technology over the past decade and we have long awaited their arrival and integration into clinical practice. We have now reached the stage where promises are beginning to be delivered. This article reviews their place in modern medicine and looks toward the future. Miniature camera robots (microrobots) provide a mobile viewing platform, enhancing a surgeon’s view. Nanorobots have arisen from the fictional world of the ‘Fantastic Voyage’ and are finally approaching clinical application. As the targeting and drive forces are further developed, these vehicles could be realistically used for delivery of agents for diagnosis and therapies. These new robots have the potential to further evolve the robotic armamentarium for surgeons.     

Laparoscopic Resection of an Esophageal Epiphrenic Diverticulum

Epiphrenic diverticulum of the esophagus is an uncommon disease. In the light of the benefits of minimally invasive treatment of such a functional disorder, we used the laparoscopic approach for resection of an epiphrenic diverticulum. We found that laparoscopic repair of symptomatic esophageal epiphrenic diverticula is a safe and effective technique with minimal postoperative pain and morbidity. It should be considered as an alternative to the traditional transthoracic approach, and may become the standard technique.     

腹腔镜下卵巢囊肿剥除术的疗效观察及安全性分析

目的:探讨腹腔镜下卵巢囊肿剥除术的疗效观察及安全性。方法:以2017年1月~2018年12月期间108例卵巢囊肿的患者为研究对象,按照患者入院治疗的先后顺序,将其分为观察组与对照组各54例,对照组实施传统开腹手术,观察组实施腹腔镜卵巢囊肿剥除术,观察两组患者的临床指标及不良反应率。结果:观察组患者手术用时及肛门首次排气时间明显短于对照组,术中出血量明显少于对照组(P<0.05);观察组5.56%的不良反应率明显低于对照组20.37%的不良反应率(P<0.05)。结论:针对卵巢囊肿患者,行腹腔镜下卵巢囊肿剥除术能缩短手术用时及肛门首次排气时间,减少术中出血量,使得不良反应发生率得以减少,对患者预后有着积极的作用。     

LAPAROSCOPIC CHOLECYSTECTOMY WITH AND WITHOUT ABDOMINAL PROPHYLACTIC DRAINAGE

Aim: As techniques in laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) have improved, the role of routine prophylactic abdominal drainage may be limited. A retrospective review was carried out of patients undergoing elective LC to evaluate the benefit of routine drainage in simple uncomplicated procedures. Methods: This study of 295 patients with cholecystolithiasis or gallbladder polyp included 145 patients who underwent LC with drainage and 150 patients who underwent LC without drainage between 2003 and 2007. Allocation to drain or not to drain was non‐randomized and based on surgeon preference according to intraoperative findings. Patient characteristics, operative results, and postoperative outcomes were compared between the two groups with univariate analysis. Results: Time to first flatus and length of postoperative hospital stay in the LC without drainage group were shorter than in the LC with drainage group. There was no significant difference between the two groups with respect to postoperative complication rate. No complications were noted due to the lack of drain placement. Conclusion: The use of drain after simple elective uncomplicated LC could safely be limited to appropriate patients as judged by the operating surgeon.