Histochemical demonstration of endogenous estrogen in breast carcinomas: Biochemical and clinical correlation

Summary In a study of 277 patients with breast carcinomas, the PAP immunoperoxidase method for demonstrating endogenous estrogen was correlated with the sucrose density gradient (SDG) assay and with histologic and clinical features. The results from the PAP method and SDG assay agreed in 59 of 84 patients (82.1%) on whom both methods were performed. Histologically, the PAP method was positive in 7 of 7 patients with non-invasive carcinomas, in 164 of 233 patients (70.4%) with common invasive ductal carcinoma, and in 21 of 22 of those with special histological types of invasive carcinomas not including Paget's disease, medullary or apocrine carcinoma, where only 5 of 14 were positive. Clinically, 15 of 18 patients with positive endogenous estrogen showed a response to endocrine therapy as opposed to 1 of 9 patients with a negative endogenous estrogen. The mean survival was 31.2 and 15.6 months, respectively for patients with positive and negative endogenous estrogen. Remission for longer than 2 years was seen more often in patients with positive endogenous estrogen. These results suggest a clinical utility of the present PAP method which, therefore, deserves a further trial as an alternative to histochemical methods aiming at the estrogen receptors.This work was supported by Grants-in Aid for Scientific Research from the Ministry of Education, Science, and Culture of Japan (No. 56480119).This paper was presented at the 72nd Annual Meeding of International Academy of Pathology (United States-Canadian Division), Atlanta, Georgia, March 1, 1983.     

N—异丙基马来酰亚胺在渐变型耐温塑料光纤中的应用

研究了以N－异丙基马来酰亚胺（IPMI）与甲基丙烯酸甲酯共聚物为基材,制备渐变形耐温塑料光纤的可行性。实验确定了链转移剂和N－烷基马来酰亚胺对体系玻璃化温度的影响。通过Lorentz-Lorenz公式,估算出IPMI在共聚物中的折光率值。用元素分析法证明IPMI在塑料光纤预制棒中呈渐变分布,测定了以此材料制备的塑料光纤预制棒的折光率分别布线,说明IPMI在提高塑料光纤耐温性的同时,可作为参杂剂使用。结果表明：IPM／MMA共聚物是制备渐变型耐温塑料光纤的良好材料。     

不停跳冠状动脉旁路移植术中应用MostCare/PRAM监测系统进行血流动力学监测的临床研究

目的探究Most Care/PRAM系统监测下不停跳冠状动脉旁路移植术(OPCABG)患者术中血流动力学变化情况和预后分析。方法纳入2016年10月至2017年1月安贞医院89例OPCABG患者,其中男53例、女36例,年龄(60.50±8.40)岁。记录术中血流动力学变化情况。按是否发生心肌梗死、低心排血量等严重循环不良事件,分为平稳组和严重循环不良事件组,进行相关分析。结果手术全程监测完整血流动力学数据患者65例,开胸前和关胸后被动抬高试验的每搏量(SV)升高均值分别为23.00%±3.20%和29.40%±3.70%。麻醉、开胸、应用肝素时、搭桥中、应用鱼精蛋白时、关胸和术毕7个时间段,SV明显下降,外周血管阻力指数(SVRI)持续显著增加,最大压力梯度(d P/d T)和心脏循环效率(CCE)在麻醉后明显下降,搭桥时下降到最低,其后逐渐升高;每搏量变异率(SVV)和脉压变异率(PPV)在麻醉后下降,开胸后一直升高。89例患者发生严重循环不良事件共9例,其中4例死亡。严重循环不良事件组术中基础SVRI、SVV和PPV均显著高于平稳组(P<0.05),CCE、d P/d T和SV差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。术中基础SVRI、CCE、d P/d T、SVV、PPV和SV均值与预后指标均无明显相关性。结论OPCABG术中易出现血流动力学的改变,因此,OPCABG术中宜应用Most Care/PRAM仪进行血流动力学监测,并及时纠正血流动力学异常。     

Exploratory assessment of treatment‐dependent random‐effects distribution using gradient functions

In analyzing repeated measurements from randomized controlled trials with mixed‐effects models, it is important to carefully examine the conventional normality assumption regarding the random‐effects distribution and its dependence on treatment allocation in order to avoid biased estimation and correctly interpret the estimated random‐effects distribution. In this article, we propose the use of a gradient function method in modeling with the different random‐effects distributions depending on the treatment allocation. This method can be effective for considering in advance whether a proper fit requires a model that allows dependence of the random‐effects distribution on covariates, or for finding the subpopulations in the random effects.     

基于Mapcheck2的调强放射治疗计划剂量验证分析

目的探讨基于Mapcheck2的调强放射治疗计划剂量验证与靶区均匀性指数(HI)、靶区适形指数(CI)及等中心点剂量梯度(D_Gref)的关系。方法选取2018年6月至2020年2月于医院行调强放射治疗计划的497例患者作为研究对象,采用Mapcheck2进行剂量验证,以剂量误差3%、吻合距离3 mm下的γ通过率≥90%且中心点累积剂量偏差绝对值(Dacc)≤3%为限定条件,在合格的462例计划中随机选取18例设为对照组,将不合格的35例分为A组(Dacc≤3%但γ通过率<90%,11例)、B组(γ通过率<90%且Dacc>3%,9例)、C组(γ通过率≥90%但Dacc>3%,15例),计算并比较4组的HI、CI及D_Gref值。结果 A组各指标与对照组比较,C组HI、CI值与对照组比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);B组各指标与对照组比较,C组D_Gref值与对照组比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。对35例不合格计划进行优化设计后,经验证均合格,且优化后计划的HI、CI及D_Gref值与优化前比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论调强放射治疗计划设计前,应选取合理的射野数目、方向,优化参数、算法,并尽量将射野等中心点置于靶区内剂量梯度较小的位置,以减少影响剂量验证的不良因素。     

The Study of Passive Membrane Properties and Morphology Reveals Neuronal Differences Along the Sagittal Axis of the Ventral Periaqueductal Grey Matter

The membrane properties of the neurons located in the ventral part of the periaqueductal grey (PAG) of the guinea-pig were studied using an in vitro slice preparation. Cells had low values of resting membrane potential (-53.3 +/- 1.3 mV, mean +/- standard error), high input resistance (195. +/- 16.2 M ohm) and moderate values of membrane time constant (12.6 +/- 0.7 ms). The last two parameters changed as recordings were made along the sagittal axis, higher values corresponding to the more rostral cells. Three main neuronal types-fusiform, triangular and stellate-were found in the ventral PAG using intracellular injection of Lucifer yellow. A study of the cell number and cell density was carried out in coronal and sagittal sections of the ventral PAG. This analysis showed a clear gradient of size in this region arising from the gradual disappearance of large (17 to 40 microm) neurons in the caudorostral direction. The neuronal density also increased in this direction. Therefore, some electrotonic and morphological parameters differ along the sagittal axis. These findings suggest a larger neuronal heterogeneity of the caudal part of the PAG, and might contribute to a functional segregation of this region.     

Comparison of the protein and DNA approaches for the characterization of a β-globin chain variant,hemoglobin Cocody [β21 (B3) Asp- → Asn], in a Caucasian patient

Summary Over the past few years, the methodologies used for the identification of hemoglobin A variants have been greatly improved. Both the protein- and DNA-based strategies have their own advantages and limitations. In this report we illustrate the use of both assays for the characterization of a hemoglobin Cocody variant in a woman of Spanish descent. After evaluating the mobility value matrix of the abnormal hemoglobin, the amino acid transition was determined by HPLC and microsequencing of the protein. The ₂₁ Asp was shown to be substituted by an Asn. At the DNA level, the only nucleotide replacement responsible for this amino acid substitution is GAT- AAT at codon 21. The analysis of the-globin gene by denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) method showed that the mutation was situated in a fragment including exon 1. The hemoglobin variant was then identified to be hemoglobin Cocody by DNA sequencing of this fragment.     

葛根药材HPLC指纹图谱研究

目的 :对不同来源的葛根药材指纹图谱比较研究。方法 :应用RP HPLC法、Kromasil C₁₈分析柱、乙腈 水二元梯度洗脱 ,流速为 1.0mL·min^-1,检测波长 250nm。结果与结论 :不同来源的葛根药材所含黄酮类成分均得到很好的分离 ,该法可用于鉴别葛根的品种 ,并为葛根注射液及含葛根药材的中药复方注射液指纹图谱研究奠定基础。     

Aortic Stenosis and Patent Ductus Arteriosus: Pressure Gradients Pre- and Posttranscatheter Ductal Occlusion

Three patients with patent ductus arteriosus and moderate aortic stenosis had a marked reduction in aortic valve gradient following transcatheter ductal occlusion. The hemodynamic effects of an aortopulmonary shunt on the severity of left ventricular outflow obstruction and the implications on intervention are discussed.     

主动载药法制备盐酸去氢骆驼蓬碱脂质体

目的制备高包封率的盐酸去氢骆驼蓬碱脂质体。方法处方前研究测定了药物在不同pH值缓冲液中的溶解度和表观油水分配系数;采用pH梯度进行主动载药。超滤法分离脂质体与游离药物,测定包封率,考察了外水相pH值、孵育温度、药脂比对包封率的影响。结果随pH值的增大,盐酸去氢骆驼蓬碱的溶解度降低,表观油水分配系数增大;采用主动载药法,包封率随脂质体内外相pH梯度的减少而降低,受孵育温度的影响不大,在药脂比小于1∶5时脂质体包封率达到80%以上。结论主动载药法可制得包封率较高的去氢骆驼蓬碱脂质体。