Myocardial perfusion damage after mediastinal irradiation for Hodgkin's disease: a thallium-201 single photon emission tomography study

Conflicting data have been reported on the incidence of myocardial abnormalities after mediastinal irradiation for Hodgkin's disease. We studied myocardial perfusion in 31 clinically asymptomatic patients (13 male, 18 female, mean age 35 years) 7 years (range 3–11 years) after mantle field radiotherapy. Thallium-201 tomoscintigraphic data were obtained after exercise, 4 h later and at rest (8–15 days later). Images were analysed visually and quantitatively (sectorial quantification of ²⁰¹T1 uptake on the bull's eye images of the short-axis slices) compared with those of 35 subjects with a low likelihood of coronary artery disease. Twenty-five tomographic data sets were available. Images were visually abnormal in 21 patients (84%) showing an heterogeneous ²⁰¹Tl uptake. In 68%, the sectorial ²⁰¹Tl uptake was lower than the mean ²⁰¹Tl uptake value minus 2 standard deviations measured in subjects with a low likelihood of coronary artery disease. Significant redistribution (quantitatively assessed 10%) was present in 10 patients (40%). In most of the patients, the location and the shape of the defect(s) could not be anatomically related to an epicardial coronary vessel disease. These results indicate that after mediastinal irradiation the ²⁰¹Tl myocardial uptake is frequently abnormal. The observed patterns suggest a disease of the small coronary vessels and/or the existence of a myocardial fibrosis rather than epicardial coronary artery disease.     

Pterygium excision with or without postoperative irradiation,a double-blind study

A double-blind study (covering 40 months) of 40 eyes with a pterygium which had not previously been operated on, was carried out to study the effect of postoperative irradiation. Nineteen eyes were treated by the bare sclera operation technique only and in 13 cases (68%) a recurrence occurred within 4 months. In 18 eyes from the group of patients treated with Sr 90 irradiation on the 1st, 7th and 14th postoperative day (maximum 3×1000 rad) no recurrences were seen.Patients with a recurrent pterygium and diplopia, symblepharon, visual disturbances (growth over the pupil or severe astigmatism) or many previous operations, were treated by lamellar keratoplasty (Dake, 1980). The recurrences without these complications were treated with success by the bare sclera technique and postoperative irradiation.Complications did not occur in any of the series.     

博宁联合化疗治疗骨转移癌所致疼痛的疗效观察

目的：选择理想的治疗骨转移癌所致疼痛的方法。方法：以博宁联合化疗或以^153Sm—EDTMP内照射联合化疗治疗52例骨转移癌。结果：治疗组总有效率为84．00％，对照组总有效率为59．26％。结论：治疗骨转移癌所致的骨痛，以博宁联合化疗为主的方法优于^153Sm—EDTMP内照射联合化疗的方法。     

~(60)Co照射对肿瘤坏死因子基因转导的人肝癌细胞的增殖及TNF-α分泌的影响

 目的　用⁶⁰ 钴 (⁶⁰ Co)照射肿瘤坏死因子基因转导的人肝癌细胞 (BEL 74 0 4 TNF细胞 ) ,用于制备一种肿瘤疫苗。方法　用不同方式及不同剂量的⁶⁰ Co照射BEL 74 0 TNF细胞及未转基因的BEL 74 0 4细胞 ,观察照射后细胞增殖情况及肿瘤坏死因子α(TNF α)分泌量。结果　经 80Gy ⁶⁰ Co连续分量照射的BEL 74 0 TNF细胞增殖能力丧失 ,但仍然生存并能持续分泌TNF α2周以上 ,细胞在 3周内全部死亡。结论　用⁶⁰Co照射BEL 74 0 4 TNF细胞制备肿瘤疫苗是可行的 ,80Gy ⁶⁰Co连续分量照射可能是合适剂量     

Effects of irradiation on nasal mucociliary clearance in head and neck cancer patients

A prospective longitudinal study was conducted on fifty patients of histopathologically confirmed head and neck cancer with the main aim to assess the nasal mucociliary clearance, pre-and post-irradiation; and to compare the findings with the healthy non-irradiated age and sex-matched controls. All the patients underwent saccharin particle test for nasal mucociliary clearance before commencement of radiation therapy and again within 6 months of completion of radiation therapy. The difference between the saccharin perception times of nasal mucosa in the healthy non-irradiated controls and the pre-irradiated head and neck cancer patients were statistically inssignificant (P>0.05). But, the difference between the saccharin perception times of nasal mucosa in the pre-and post-irradiated head and neck cancer patients was found to be statistically significant (P=0). It is concluded that even indirect irradiation of nasal mucosa in head and neck cancer patients significantly affect its ciliary activity. Significance of total radiation dosage along with chemotherapy in some cases was also studied.     

鼻腔内激光照射疗法对缺血性脑血管病低切粘度及红细胞压积的影响

目的：观察鼻腔内激光照射疗法对缺血性脑血管病低切粘度及红细胞压积的影响，方法：采用鼻腔内激光照射治疗仪治疗60例病人，治疗前后抽空腹静脉血测定低切粘度及红细胞压积。结果：临床及实验室结果表明，鼻腔内激光照射疗法对于降低低切粘度及红细胞压积有显著作用（p〈0．001），结论：鼻腔内激光照射疗法可改变血液流变学及脑的血液循环，使受伤的神经组织再生，为急性缺血性脑血管病提供一种新的治疗方法。     

超声波作用下NaBH4/ZrCl4还原9(E)-红霉素肟制备9(S)-红霉胺

9(S)-红霉胺是合成地红霉素和CP-544372的中间体，此化合物可在超声波的作用下利用NaBH4／ZrCl4于室温下还原9(E)-红霉素肟制得，收率为69％，其结构经IR、NMR和MS确证。该方法是制备9(S)-红霉胺的方便、有效的途径。     

X线全身照射与低剂量环磷酰胺合用对实验性肺转移的抑制作用

７５ｍＧｙ一次全身Ｘ线照射后，小鼠实验性肺肿瘤转移结节明显减少；与低剂量环磷酰胺（ＣＴＸ）合用，抗肿瘤转移作用亦较强。荷瘤小鼠７５ｍＧｙ照射后，脾脏ＮＫ细胞活性、ＬＡＫ细胞活性以及对白细胞介素Ⅱ（ＩＬ－２）的反应性明显增强或升高；与ＣＴＸ合用时上述抗肿瘤免疫功能也增强。结果表明：７５ｍＧｙＸ线全身照射可通过激活体内抗肿瘤免疫而具有有效的抗转移效果，它为探讨小剂量照射临床应用可能性提供了可靠的实验依据。     

前列腺癌同步加量放疗dIMRT和RapidArc比较研究

目的 前列腺大分割照射与盆腔常规分割预防照射相结合的同步加量放疗可提高前列腺癌临床疗效,本研究比较固定野动态调强(dynamic intensity modulated radiotherapy,dIMRT)与快速旋转调强(RapidArc)在前列腺癌同步加量放疗中的剂量分布、治疗效率和执行精度的差异,为临床应用提供参考.方法 选取2013-01-04-2013-12-31在中山大学肿瘤防治中心行放疗的10例前列腺癌高危风险患者,靶区包括前列腺、精囊和盆腔淋巴结.以相同的剂量目标和优化参数分别设计9野dIMRT、单弧和双弧RapidArc同步加量治疗计划,分别用9F、1ARC和2ARC表示.比较分析3种计划的靶区剂量学特点,直肠、膀胱、小肠和双侧股骨头等危及器官的受照剂量及体积,机器跳数,治疗时间以及剂量验证通过率.结果 对于PTV1,9F的D2％为(69.37±0.89) Gy,D50％为(66.92±0.63) Gy,HI为0.09±0.02,CI为0.83±0.05;1ARC的D2％为(71.13±1.21) Gy,D50％为(68.50±0.76) Gy,HI为0.12±0.02,CI为0.74±0.07;9F均优于1ARC,差异均有统计学意义,P＜0.05;9F与2ARC的各参数差异均无统计学意义,P＞0.05.对于PTV2,9F的V5％为(99.45±0.78)％,优于1ARC的(99.35±1.28)％,差异有统计学意义,P＜0.05;9F与2ARC各参数的差异均无统计学意义,P＞0.05.对于膀胱Dmean,3组计划差异无统计学意义,P＞0.05;对于直肠V67.5Gy,9F与2ARC的差异无统计学意义,P＞0.05;对于左右股骨头Dmean,1ARC和2ARC低于9F,差异有统计学意义,P＜0.05;各OAR其余评价指标9F均低于1ARC和2ARC,差异均有统计学意义,P＜0.05.1ARC和2ARC相比于9F机器跳数平均减少了70.0％和67.2％,治疗时间平均缩短了81.7％和61.0％.9F、1ARC和2ARC的3％/3 mm标准的γ通过率分别为97.8％、98.9％和99.4％,差异均具有统计学意义,P＜0.05.结论 相比于dIMRT,RapidArc可显著提高治疗效率,其双弧计划具有相仿的靶区覆盖,但对膀胱、直肠和小肠的保护更差,dIMRT更适用于前列腺癌同步加量放射治疗.