Elevated threshold for intracortical inhibition in focal hand dystonia.

Differences between control and focal hand dystonia (FHD) subject groups in short interval intracortical inhibition (SICI) as determined by paired transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) can be difficult to demonstrate, due to interindividual differences. The purpose of this study was to compare two TMS methods for assessing SICI in 8 control and 7 FHD subjects. Electromyographic (EMG) data were recorded from the first dorsal interosseous (FDI) muscle of the dominant hands of the control subjects and affected hands of the FHD subjects. The first method used a conventional approach of setting conditioning stimulus intensity to 80% of rest threshold (RTh) and test stimulus intensity to 120% RTh. Three interstimulus intervals (ISIs) were used: 2 msec, 3 msec, and the ISI between 2 and 3 msec that produced optimal SICI. The second method was novel in that test stimulus intensity was set to 150% active threshold (ATh), and conditioning stimulus intensity was varied between 50% and 100% ATh. The latter was determined at the threshold for SICI and expressed as a ratio of ATh. There was no difference between the subject groups in the degree of SICI produced using the first method, at the three ISIs studied. However, using the second method, the SICI threshold:ATh ratio was found to be significantly higher for FHD subjects. This finding suggests that determining the SICI threshold:ATh ratio may be a more sensitive measure of intracortical inhibitory function than more conventional methods.     

哺乳期营养对室间隔心肌细胞发育的影响——游离心肌细胞的形态测量

在心肌细胞分化性生长时期,改变新生鼠的哺乳期营养条件对这些鼠的空间隔心肌细胞将会产生暂时性作用和持久性影响。哺乳期高营养的暂时性作用是增加空间隔心肌细胞的大小和数量;而低营养的暂时性作用则是减慢室间隔心肌细胞的生长。哺乳期高营养的持久性作用是限制室间隔心肌细胞的过度肥大;而低营养则促进成熟鼠的室间隔心肌细胞的过度肥大。     

胰岛素样生长因子在人前列腺增生症中作用的探讨

应用免疫组化方法完成了胰岛素样生长因子（ＩＧＦ－Ｉ）在４８例人前列腺增生中的组织定位。组织经４％甲醛固定，石蜡包埋。ＩＧＦ－Ｉ免疫反应主要定位于腺体基底层上皮细胞浆内，阳性染色也见于腺体分泌上皮、鳞状化生上皮、平滑肌细胞和神经纤维细胞内。证实：ＩＧＦ－Ｉ存在于前列腺增生患者的前列腺组织中，并且与前列腺增生的发病有一定关系。     

雌激素对内膜癌细胞中FAK基因转录的影响

目的定量观察雌激素刺激后内膜癌细胞的焦点粘连激酶（Focal—adhesion kinase，FAK）转录水平。方法不同浓度的17β-雌二醇体外刺激雌激素敏感的内膜癌细胞株RL95—2。加用三苯氧胺或ICI 182，780雌激素拮抗剂的细胞及未加雌激素的细胞设为阴性对照。经不同作用时间后，采用实时RT—PCR方法测定处理后的细胞内FAK的mRNA水平。结果在给予不同浓度的雌激素共培养1d或5d后，细胞的FAK基因的转录水平对比阴性对照细胞无明显改变。结论雌激素对内膜癌细胞的FAK转录可能无显著影响。FAK基因在内膜癌组织中的过度表达的机理需要进一步深入研究。     

人胎盘组织液抗炎药效学研究

目的研究人胎盘组织液的主要药效作用。方法建立二甲苯所致小鼠耳肿胀及大鼠棉球肉芽肿的药理模型，观察人胎盘组织液对炎症模型动物的抗炎作用。结果与模型对照组相比，连续7d肌肉注射0．1mL/kg剂量的人胎盘组织液对二甲苯所致小鼠耳肿胀起到明显抑制作用，且差异显著（P〈0．01）；连续6d肌肉注射0．1mL／kg剂量的人胎盘组织液对大鼠棉球肉芽组织增生起到明显抑制作用，且差异显著（P〈0．01）。结论人胎盘组织液具有明显的抗炎作用。     

伽玛刀治疗高危前列腺增生症的临床应用

目的探讨伽玛刀在不适合开放手术或经尿道电切术的高危前列腺增生患者治疗中的应用。方法采用深圳奥沃公司生产的OUR-QGD型立体定向全身伽玛刀治疗20例高危前列腺增生患者。应用国际前列腺症状评分(IPSS)、前列腺重量、最大尿流率(Qmax)、残余尿量作为评价指标。观察上述数据在治疗前后的改变及其临床意义。结果术后随访6个月,IPSS评分由治疗前29分降至19.6分(P<0.01)。前列腺重量平均值均由治疗前的(56.4±4.4)g减少至(54.8±4.3)g(P>0.05)。最大尿流率平均值由治疗前的(6.7±1.8)ml/s增加至(11.5±1.7)ml/s(P<0.01),残余尿量平均值由治疗前的(85.1±27.8)ml降至(50.9±15.6)ml(P<0.01)。结论立体定位体部伽玛刀治疗高危前列腺增生症患者具有简便、安全、无创、痛苦小、并发症少、疗效好,可不需住院等优点,对不愿意接受手术或不宜手术的高危前列腺增生患者不失为一种良好的治疗方法,但费用较高。     

前列腺增生症膀胱颈肌纤维NOS含量测定的意义

目的研究前列腺增生症时膀胱颈部肌层组织中一氧化氮合酶(NOS)含量的变化,分析其与下尿路梗阻程度之间的关系。方法自2002年1月-2003年3月随机选择31例良性前列腺增生症患者,采用国际前列腺症状评分(IPSS)对下尿路梗阻症状进行评估。切取小块膀胱颈部肌层,组织匀浆,化学比色法测定组织中的NOS含量。结果IPSS的平均值为32.3±5.4,膀胱颈部肌组织中的NOS含最平均值为(642.92±91.11)U/mL,经统计学分析存在负相关(P<0.05)。结论当前列腺增生导致下尿路梗阻后,随着NOS神经减少,造成NO的生成减少,由此减弱膀胱颈部括约肌的松弛作用,加剧下尿路梗阻。     

Reversible and irreversible airway inflammation and fibrosis in mice exposed to inhaled ovalbumin

Objective and design: We examined the reversibility of several changes in the lungs and airways of mice immediately after exposure to ovalbumin aerosol and after a period of recovery breathing clean air.Methods: Mice were exposed for 1, 2, 4, 6, 8, or 10 weeks, with recovery in clean air for 1–3 weeks.Results: Airway collagen content, exhaled NO, airway mucous cell hyperplasia, and lung lavage inflammatory cell content increased upon exposure to ovalbumin aerosol. All parameters except airway fibrosis decreased partially or completely to control values with recovery in clean air.Conclusions: Airway mucous cell hypertrophy and hyperplasia appear to be completely reversible after recovery in clean air, while exhaled NO and airway inflammation appear to be mostly reversible, except for persistence of lymphocytes in the lung lavage fluid. Airway fibrosis appears to be reversible when mice are exposed to ovalbumin aerosol for periods of up to 4 weeks of exposure, but becomes irreversible after 6 or more weeks of exposure.Received 30 June 2004; returned for revision 24 September 2004; accepted by J. S. Skotnicki 13 October 2004