Pseudoaneurysm of profunda femoris artery following dynamic hip screw fixation for intertrochanteric femoral fracture

Dynamic hip screw fixation is a commonly performed procedure for internal fixation of intertrochanteric femoral fractures.Arterial injury following the operative fixation is a rare but serious event.We...     

腔内覆膜支架植入术治疗吸毒者针刺伤致股动脉假性动脉瘤

吸毒史较长的患者通常经股静脉注射毒品。股静脉距股动脉较近,易导致股动脉针刺伤,形成假性动脉瘤（pseudoaneurysm,PSA）。血管损伤形成的PSA很难自行愈合^[1],     

Post-traumatic false aneurysm in a digital artery of the finger

Abstract

Despite the high incidence of trauma involving the hand and digits, traumatic aneurysms in this region are rarely seen and few are reported. We describe a false aneurysm of a digital artery caused by a dog bite.     

Using previous trial results to inform hypothesis testing of new interventions

Results of industry-sponsored Phase III trials registered at clinicaltrials.gov include a rich amount of information on the efficacy of medical interventions. We propose that these results can be used to inform hypothesis testing of a new intervention through the Bayes principle. The posterior probability of positive efficacy offers an accessible interpretation of the uncertainty of efficacy and a convenient metric for global false-positive control.     

不同年龄阶段与不同语种类型的错误记忆研究

目的 探讨语种类型和年龄对学生错误记忆的影响,为进一步明确错误记忆的作用机制及影响因素提供实证依据。方法 2015年4月随机抽取潍坊市某大学、高中、初中共60名学生为被试,采用集中联想范式(DRM范式),以中、英文单词为实验材料,进行错误记忆测试。采用方差分析的方法进行结果统计。结果 1)学过项目正确再认率和关键诱饵词的错误再认率均高于无关项目的错误再认率,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);2)大学生学过项目的正确再认率高于高中生和初中生,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);不同语种类型的项目学习对正确再认率不存在显著影响(P>0.05);3)低年龄学生关键诱饵错误再认率显著低于高年龄学生,中文学习项目关键诱饵错误再认率高于英文学习项目,差异均有统计学意义(P均<0.05)。结论 随着年龄的增长,学习项目的正确再认率逐渐提高,不同语种和不同年龄对错误记忆影响显著。     

Monomethylarsonous acid inhibited endogenous cholesterol biosynthesis in human skin fibroblasts

Human exposure to arsenic in drinking water is a widespread public health concern, and such exposure is known to be associated with many human diseases. The detailed molecular mechanisms about how arsenic species contribute to the adverse human health effects, however, remain incompletely understood. Monomethylarsonous acid [MMA(III)] is a highly toxic and stable metabolite of inorganic arsenic. To exploit the mechanisms through which MMA(III) exerts its cytotoxic effect, we adopted a quantitative proteomic approach, by coupling stable isotope labeling by amino acids in cell culture (SILAC) with LC-MS/MS analysis, to examine the variation in the entire proteome of GM00637 human skin fibroblasts following acute MMA(III) exposure. Among the ~ 6500 unique proteins quantified, ~ 300 displayed significant changes in expression after exposure with 2 μM MMA(III) for 24 h. Subsequent analysis revealed the perturbation of de novo cholesterol biosynthesis, selenoprotein synthesis and Nrf2 pathways evoked by MMA(III) exposure. Particularly, MMA(III) treatment resulted in considerable down-regulation of several enzymes involved in cholesterol biosynthesis. In addition, real-time PCR analysis showed reduced mRNA levels of select genes in this pathway. Furthermore, MMA(III) exposure contributed to a distinct decline in cellular cholesterol content and significant growth inhibition of multiple cell lines, both of which could be restored by supplementation of cholesterol to the culture media. Collectively, the present study demonstrated that the cytotoxicity of MMA(III) may arise, at least in part, from the down-regulation of cholesterol biosynthesis enzymes and the resultant decrease of cellular cholesterol content.     

Systematic review of the evaluation and management of coronary pseudoaneurysm after stent implantation

Pseudoaneurysm (PSA) formation is a rare but well-known complication of coronary stenting. It develops after a procedural perforation disrupts the integrity of the vessel wall but is contained by a single wall layer, usually pericardium, extravascular thrombosis and later fibrosis. Medical literature of PSA consists primarily of case reports. A systematic review of pseudoaneurysm after coronary stenting was performed to summarize its presentation, diagnostic imaging modalities, natural history, and management approaches. Clinical presentations range from asymptomatic to hemodynamic collapse, size from small to “giant,” and treatment approaches from surgical or percutaneous exclusion to “watchful waiting” and imaging surveillance. Based on current information, a management algorithm is provided recommending urgent to emergent exclusion for symptomatic PSA, elective exclusion for large and giant PSA, and “watchful waiting” and periodic imaging surveillance for small to moderate sized PSA.     

Comparisons of false negative rates from a trend test alone and from a trend test jointly with a control-high groups pairwise test in the determination of the carcinogenicity of new drugs

Interest has been expressed in using a joint test procedure that requires that the results of both a trend test and a pairwise comparison test between the control and the high groups be statistically significant simultaneously at the levels of significance recommended in the FDA 2001 draft guidance for industry document for the separate tests in order for the drug effect on the development of an individual tumor type to be considered as statistically significant. Results of our simulation studies show that there is a serious consequence of large inflations of the false negative rate through large decreases of false positive rate in the use of the above joint test procedure in the final interpretation of the carcinogenicity potential of a new drug if the levels of significance recommended for separate tests are used. The inflation can be as high as 204.5% of the false negative rate when the trend test alone is required to test if the effect is statistically significant. To correct the problem, new sets of levels of significance have also been developed for those who want to use the joint test in reviews of carcinogenicity studies.