Rationale:An abdominal pseudohernia is a protrusion of the abdominal wall that there is no actual muscular disruption. This report presents a case in which abdominal muscle activities were accurately and quantitatively measured using ultrasonography (US) and surface electromyography in a patient with abdominal pseudohernia.Patient concerns:A 62-year-old man presented with a marked protrusion on the left abdomen with increasing abdominal pressure.Diagnoses:First, the thickness of the abdominal muscle was measured with US while the patient constantly blew the positive expiratory pressure device. When the force was applied to the abdomen, the mean thickness of the muscle layer on the lesion site was found to be thinner. Second, the activities of the abdominal muscles were measured using surface electromyography by attaching electrodes to 8 channels at the same time. When the same pressure was applied on both sides of the abdomen, more recruitment occurred to compensate for muscle weakness at the lesion site. Through the previous 2 tests, the decrease in muscle activity in the lesion area could be quantitatively evaluated. Third, the denervation of the muscle was confirmed using US-guided needle electromyography.Interventions:The patient in this case was wearing an abdominal binder. In addition, he had been training his abdominal muscles through McGill exercise and breathing exercises such as with a positive expiratory pressure device.Outcomes:The patient was able to understand his symptoms. A follow-up test will be performed to see if there is any improvement.Lessons:By using these outstanding assessment methods, proper diagnosis and rehabilitation treatment strategies can be developed. 相似文献
Introduction. Flat/constricted affect and anhedonia are symptoms found in several psychiatric disorders such as depression and schizophrenia. However, there are very few studies on the relationships between specific anhedonia subtypes and objectively assessed flat affect, and it appears that none of the existing studies examined potential moderation by sex.
Methods. Forty-seven undergraduate students (60% male) completed self-report questionnaires assessing three subtypes of anhedonia – non-social consummatory (CON) and anticipatory (ANT) anhedonia, and overall social anhedonia. Participants viewed 15 pictures (5 neutral and 10 negative) from the International Affective Picture System, whereas facial muscle reaction was recorded using electromyography (EMG).
Results. Male participants reporting a greater level of overall social or non-social CON anhedonia showed a greater EMG activity increase in the corrugator supercilii muscle to negative (vs. neutral) pictures. In females, the relationship was only found with social anhedonia and was opposite in direction, as increased social anhedonia related to less EMG activity change in the corrugator muscle.
Conclusions. The relationship between anhedonia and flat affect varied as a function of sex and anhedonia subtype. These findings may help explain discrepancies in the sparse existing literature examining this relationship in psychiatric populations and have implications for assessment and treatment of these symptoms across psychiatric disorders. 相似文献
To verify the effect of a newly-developed cylindrical type forearm brace, which was designed to give focal counterforce perpendicularly on the muscle belly of the wrist extensor.
Materials and Methods
The dominant hands of 24 (12 males, 12 females) healthy subjects were tested. Two types of forearm braces (focal cylindrical type and broad pneumatic type) were examined. The braces were applied at the extensor carpi radialis brevis, 5 to 7 cm distal to the lateral epicondyle. Two surface electrodes were attached to the proximal and distal parts of the brace. By quantitative electromyography, the mean amplitudes of voluntary extensor carpi radialis brevis contraction before and after applying each brace were recorded and analyzed.
Results
The mean amplitudes of the focal cylindrical brace and broad pneumatic brace were reduced significantly compared to no brace (p<0.05), with a larger reduction for the cylindrical brace than the pneumatic brace (p<0.05). There was no significant difference between the proximal and distal mean amplitudes with each brace.
Conclusion
A cylindrical type brace decreased electromyographic activity in the wrist extensor more effectively than did the pneumatic type brace. 相似文献