缬沙坦固体分散体的制备及体外溶出度研究

目的采用冷冻干燥法制备缬沙坦（Valsartan）速释固体分散体（SD）来提高其体外溶出度。方法分别以羟丙甲基纤维素（HPMC）、聚乙二醇6000（PEG6000）、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮k30（PVPk30）为载体,十二烷基硫酸钠（SDS）为表面活性剂来制备不同比例的缬沙坦固体分散体,通过测定体外溶出度,来选择最优辅料及比例,结果当以PEG6000载体,SDS为表面活性剂时,且药物：PEG6000：SDS=1：5：1％时药物呈现了很好的水溶性。结论在5min时即可溶出90％以上,很大程度上提高了缬沙坦的体外溶出度。     

盐酸多奈哌齐胶囊溶出度测定方法的研究

目的：建立了RP-HPLC法测定盐酸多奈哌齐胶囊的溶出度.方法：采用Thermo Hypersil GOLD C18（150mm ×4.6 mm,5μm）色谱柱;以乙腈-水-高氯酸（350：650：1）为流动相;检测波长：271 nm;流速：1.0 ml/min;柱温：40℃.结果：盐酸多奈哌齐在1.216～ 10.944 μg/ml的浓度范围内与其峰面积呈良好线性关系（r=0.999 9）;平均回收率为99.6％,RSD为1.3％（n=9）.结论：该方法简便、准确、重现性好,能有效控制药品质量.     

瑞舒伐他汀钙片溶出度研究

目的建立瑞舒伐他汀钙片溶出度研究方法。方法HPLC法,色谱柱：AgilentExtendC18（4．6×250mm,5μm）;流动相：以乙腈为流动相A,以0．02％三氟乙酸溶液为流动相B,0～13min,A：37％,13—27min,A：37％--90％;检测波长：242nm;流速：1．0mL·min-1;发生降解行为的溶出度样品经碱中和前处理后以瑞舒伐他汀钙与瑞舒伐他汀非对映异构体峰面积之和计算累积溶出量（％）。结果瑞舒伐他汀钙在pH1．0盐酸溶液不稳定,降解生成瑞舒伐他汀非对映异构体,瑞舒伐他汀-5S-内酯和瑞舒伐他汀-5R-内酯,后两者经碱中和处理后重新生成瑞舒伐他汀及瑞舒伐他汀非对映异构体,且瑞舒伐他汀钙片在pH1．0盐酸溶液中溶出速率最慢。结论瑞舒伐他汀钙在pH1．0盐酸溶液中溶出曲线可作为处方筛选的依据。     

杜仲超微粉体理化特性及体外溶出性能研究

目的研究杜仲Eucommia ulmoides不同粒径粉体理化特性及体外溶出行为的差异,为杜仲超微粉体的粒径控制与应用提供实验依据。方法采用超微粉碎机制备杜仲不同粒径的超微粉体,激光粒度仪测定粉体的粒径,显微镜观察显微结构,通过破壁率来衡量超微粉碎的破壁效果;利用HPLC法测定不同粒径粉体有效成分提取效率及在不同溶出介质的溶出度。结果杜仲超微粉体在显微结构、破壁率、休止角及堆密度等方面与普通粉体差异显著;超微粉体的提取率以及在水、人工胃液、人工肠液中有效成分的溶出度均高于普通粉体。结论适度的微粉化能提高杜仲细胞破壁率,促进杜仲有效成分的溶出,其溶出度还受到溶出介质的影响,超微粉碎技术应用于杜仲具有可行性。     

表征中药煮散的粉体特征参数及水煎液中的分散溶出行为研究

目的研究中药煮散的粉体特征及其水煎液中成分的分散溶出行为,为煮散的粒径控制及实际应用提供实验依据。方法选取黄芩、黄连、葛根、甘草4种饮片制成煮散,考察其粒度分布、流动性等粉体特征及水煎液中混悬性微粒的分散属性,并比较煮散与饮片煎煮有效成分的溶出行为。结果黄芩、黄连、甘草煮散粒度分散均匀,流动性好,葛根煮散稍差。煮散与饮片水煎液中大多为亚微米级颗粒,而光学和电学性质显示煮散水煎液中的微粒较多、较大、易沉降,具有非均相液体的特征,而其成分溶出速度、溶出量均明显高于饮片。结论煮散作为新型饮片之一,能增加药效物质的溶出,缩短煎煮时间,提高药材利用度,值得研究推广。     

非诺贝特片仿制药与原研药溶出度一致性评价研究

目的 建立非诺贝特片溶出度曲线测定方法,评价国内10家仿制药产品与原研药品溶出曲线的相似性。方法 用含0.025 mol·L^-1 SDS的pH 1.0盐酸溶液、pH 4.0缓冲液、pH 6.8缓冲液和水溶液4种溶出介质,分别考察非诺贝特片仿制药与原研片的溶出状况,并通过计算相似因子（f₂）评价溶出曲线的相似性。结果 国内仅1家企业产品与原研片在4种溶出介质中的溶出曲线均相似,其余企业产品与原研片相比溶出行为均不一致。结论 该方法适用于非诺贝特片的溶出曲线测定,可为非诺贝特片质量一致性评价提供参考。     

不同厂家洛索洛芬钠片溶出度比较

目的 比较5个厂家洛索洛芬钠片在4种溶出介质中的溶出曲线,以评价该药品的质量。方法 采用桨法、转速50 r·min^-1、溶出介质900 mL进行体外溶出试验,分别考察不同厂家洛索洛芬钠片在盐酸溶液、pH 4.5醋酸盐缓冲液、水和pH 6.8磷酸盐缓冲液4种溶出介质中的体外溶出行为,测定溶出曲线并采用相似因子法与原研药进行比较分析。结果 5个厂家洛索洛芬钠片在盐酸溶液中的溶出曲线基本一致,4个厂家的样品与原研药在水中的溶出曲线差异较大,2个厂家样品批间差异明显。结论 仿制药厂家生产的药品与原研药存在质量差异,建议结合生物等效性试验改进处方及生产工艺,提高该药品质量。     

Exploration and Preparation of a Dose-Flexible Regulation System for Levetiracetam Tablets via Novel Semi-Solid Extrusion Three-Dimensional Printing

Levetiracetam therapy is often associated with high levels of individual variation in the recommended dose required to achieve preferential treatment. Thus, a reliable and dynamic regulation system to accurately tailor dose is necessary. The main objective of this study is to explore and prepare a dose-flexible control system suitable for rapid release tablets equipped with high drug loading and a cylindrical model design. Semi-solid extrusion 3-dimensional printing was utilized to fabricate a series of tablets of increased volume. This method was compatible with 3 patterns to regulate the volumes to manipulate the tablet mass and achieve tailored personalized precision dosing. All tablets from each pattern exhibited a smooth surface and regular shape, as well as sufficient mechanical strength. A good linear correlation between the mass and theoretical volume of the tablets was maintained, regardless of the pattern used. The range of dose accuracy was between 103.3% and 96.2%, with an acceptable variation coefficient in the range of 0.6%-3.2%. Faster release behavior for levetiracetam can be achieved from the small-sized tablets due to their larger surface area/mass ratio. All the results demonstrated the potential and capability of semi-solid extrusion 3-dimensional printing as a novel pharmaceutical manufacturing technique to provide a dynamic and highly accurate controllable system for preparing patient-tailored medicines.     

Effect of Particle Size and Polymer Loading on Dissolution Behavior of Amorphous Griseofulvin Powder

The effect of particle size on the dissolution behavior of the particles of amorphous solid dispersions (ASDs) of griseofulvin (GF), with 0%-50% Kollidon^® VA 64 as a crystallization inhibitor is investigated. Both the final dissolved GF concentration and the dissolution rate of GF ASDs were found to be inversely proportional to the particle size. The solution concentrations for the smallest (45-75 μm) size group with different polymer loadings were significantly higher than those for the largest (250-355 μm) group regardless of the initial GF amount. Specifically, the dissolution rate of GF ASDs with 50% polymer loading for the finest group was 2.7 times higher than for the largest group under supersaturating conditions. The rates of dissolution and recrystallization were assessed through surface concentration (C_s) and Avrami recrystallization rate kinetics, where the solid-state recrystallization was confirmed using Raman spectroscopy. Outcomes indicated that particle size reduction enhanced ASD drug loading by reducing the amount of polymer necessary as finest size ASDs initially dissolve faster, negating their higher recrystallization rate. Kollidon® VA 64 at 30% loading was sufficient to inhibit the GF recrystallization. Overall, the combination of particle size reduction and recrystallization inhibition is effective for improved dissolution behavior of GF ASDs.     

Development of Solid Dispersion by Hot Melt Extrusion Using Mixtures of Polyoxylglycerides With Polymers as Carriers for Increasing Dissolution Rate of a Poorly Soluble Drug Model

Various polyoxylglycerides have been researched extensively in the development of solid dispersions (SDs) for bioavailability enhancement of poorly water-soluble drugs. However, because of their low melting points (40°C-60°C), SDs produced are usually soft and semisolid. The objective of present study was to prepare SDs of a Biopharmaceutical Classification System class II drug, carvedilol, in mixtures of stearoyl polyoxylglycerides (Acconon^® C-50; m.p. ～50°C) with polymers by hot melt extrusion to obtain free-flowing powder upon grinding. Miscibility of carvedilol with Kollidon^® VA64, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose acetate succinate, and Klucel^? EXF was first evaluated by film casting, and Kollidon^® VA64 was selected for further study. SDs containing 5%-20% carvedilol, 0%-20% Acconon^® C-50, and the remaining Kollidon^® VA64 were prepared for hot melt extrusion. SDs were characterized by differential scanning calorimetry and powder X-ray diffraction analysis, and dissolution tests were conducted in 250 mL of pH 6.8 phosphate buffer by filling powders in capsules. Carvedilol was miscible with all polymers tested up to 50% and remained amorphous in SDs. The drug release from formulations containing 20% carvedilol and 0, 5%, 10%, and 20% Acconon^® C-50 were 30%, 30%, 70%, and 90%, respectively, in 60 min. SDs containing carvedilol and Acconon^® C-50, up to 20% each, as well as Kollidon^® VA64, were physically stable after 3 months of storage at 25°C/60% relative humidity.