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71.
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Corey R. Roos PhD Margaret Sala PhD Hedy Kober PhD Irina A. Vanzhula PhD Cheri A. Levinson PhD 《The International journal of eating disorders》2021,54(9):1601-1607
Mindfulness is a two-component skill that includes mindful awareness (attentional monitoring of present moment experience) and mindful acceptance (adopting an attitude of acceptance toward this experience). Although mindfulness-based interventions (MBIs) are efficacious for many conditions, there is a lack of research on MBIs for eating disorders (EDs). We propose that MBIs may be promising for EDs given their potential to mobilize not one, but multiple associative-learning change mechanisms in EDs–defined as adaptive processes of change involving one of two forms of associative-learning: Pavlovian and operant learning. We hypothesize how MBIs–via increasing either mindful awareness or mindful acceptance–may mobilize up to eight associative-learning change mechanisms, two involving Pavlovian learning, and six involving operant learning. We also elaborate on similarities and differences between MBIs and CBT approaches for EDs, as well as opportunities for synergy. Finally, we present recommendations for future research related to the development and evaluation of novel MBI interventions for EDs and the testing of mechanisms and patient-treatment matching hypotheses. 相似文献
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目的 在“营养校园”试点学校进行为期一年的营养干预,分析评价干预效果。方法 在石家庄新华区选取一所小学和一所初中进行干预,从三、五、七年级中分别随机抽取2个班级的学生在干预前后进行调查。干预方法包括开展营养健康教育、促进身体活动、科学营养供餐支持等综合措施,通过问卷和体格测量调查学生干预前后的营养知识、饮食行为及超重肥胖变化情况。结果 干预后,营养知识题目的正确率显著提高(χ2=613.737,P<0.001),总体正确率为59.8%。学生早餐食物种类(χ2=19.841,P<0.001)和早餐摄入频率(χ2=5.405,P<0.05)均有显著改善。总体超重肥胖率未见显著改善,按性别、年级分层分析发现,女生超重肥胖率降低(χ2=1.891,P<0.05),5年级(χ2=4.923,P<0.05)和7年级(χ2=10.563,P<0.01)学生超重肥胖率降低,且高年级学生降幅更明显。结论 以校园为基础开展综合营养干预措施,可以提高学生的营养知识水平,并改善学生的不良饮食行为及超重肥胖现状。 相似文献
75.
探讨肝癌栓塞治疗中 DSA成像的新方法。 1肝动脉加门静脉像 ,将 mask分别设在肝动脉早、中、晚期和实质期 ,对应的减影像设在门静脉期。 2肝动脉双期像 ,将 m ask设在肝动脉早期 ,对应的减影像设在肝动脉中、晚期和实质期。结果发现 :腹腔动脉 DSA单帧双期成像 37例次 ,肝动脉 DSA单帧双期重建 33例次。提示 :DSA单帧双期成像法有利于指导肝癌栓塞治疗的操作 ,提高超选择性肝内动脉插管成功率 ,缩短手术时间。 相似文献
76.
目的:探讨缺血后处理(ischemic postconditioning,IPTC)是否能改善左心室受损的局部或整体长轴的收缩功
能。方法:试验分为PCI组、PCI+IPTC组及对照组。PCI组为前壁急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者(ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction,STEMI)患者32例,行首次急诊经皮冠状动脉介入治疗(percutaneous coronary intervention,PCI)
术;PCI+IPTC组为前壁急性STEMI患者28例,行急诊PCI联合IPTC术;对照组为30例,行冠状动脉造影术。采集术
前,术后0.5 h,1 d,3 d,1周,1个月和6个月二维动态超声心动图。对比研究PCI组、PCI+IPTC组与对照组各时间点
局部与整体长轴应变参数。结果:PCI+IPTC组PCI术后1周内左心室梗死节段长轴应变高于PCI组(P<0.05),左心室整
体长轴应变较PCI组有增高趋势,但差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);PCI+IPTC组术后远期左心室局部及整体长轴应变与
PCI组比较,差异均无统计学意义(均P>0.05)。结论:IPTC可改善前壁急性STEMI患者PCI术后早期左心室再灌注心肌
的长轴收缩功能。 相似文献
77.
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Douglas G. Ebersole Bernard J. Rubal 《Catheterization and cardiovascular interventions》1995,35(3):198-202
To examine the results of high balloon dilatation pressures during percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA), we retrospectively reviewed 482 angioplasty cases from our institution and divided them into three groups by the peak inflation pressure used during the procedure. Group one was defined by inflation pressures of 1–6 atmospheres (atm), group two by 7–12 atm, and group three by 13–20 atm. There were 166 patients in group 1 (34.4%), 235 in group 2 (48.8%), and 81 (16.8%) in group 3. The success rates were not statistically different; 90% in group 1, 96% in group 2, and 95% in group 3. Large dissections occurred in 27 patients in group 1 (16.3%), 19 in group 2 (8.1%), and 4 (4.9%) in group 3 (P > 0.006). There were no differences in the rates of death (1.2% vs. 0.9% vs. 1.2%), myocardial infarction (3.0% vs. 1.3% vs. 3.7%), or in-hospital CABG (3.0% vs. 1.7% vs. 1.2%) in groups 1, 2, and 3, respectively. Six-mo target vessel revascularization rates also were not different: 19% vs. 13% vs. 18%. In summary, selectively using high balloon pressures during PTCA does not result in increased complications. © 1995 Wiley-Liss, Inc. 1 This article is a US Government work and, as such, is in the public domain in the United States of America. 相似文献
79.
In August 1988 a Swedish schoolbus with 23 children and 11 adult passengers crashed into a tunnel wall in Norway. Twelve children and four parents died, 18 of the passengers survived. The victims' relatives (parents, spouses, siblings, and others) were transported to Norway and given a confronting support program at the University hospital in Bergen. The crisis intervention program is described: how the relatives were helped to confront and actively cope with some of the stressful situations from which traumatized families very often are protected. One year later 42 of the relatives answered a questionnaire evaluating the confronting support program that was offered during their stay in Norway. A majority of the respondents did not regret their participation in the program. The answers indicate that passivity and helplessness can be counteracted through a combination of confrontation with reality and emotional support.The study has received financial support from Skandia Insurance Co. (Sweden), Haukeland University Hospital and Norwegian Research Council for Science and the Humanities (377.92/021). 相似文献
80.