辅酶Q_(10)抗脂质过氧化作用

在离体大鼠心肌细胞和人工生物膜脂质体上,CoQ_(10)显著抑制氧自由基发生系统(FeCl_2,抗坏血酸)所引起的脂质过氧化物丙二醛增加,其抑制作用呈剂量依赖和时间依赖关系。本结果证实CoQ_(10)具有抗氧化作用,在膜水平上直接起到自由基清除剂样作用。     

Epidemiology of rickettsial diseases

Rickettsial diseases have a diversity of epidemiologic characteristics reflective of the variety of ecologic situations in which the obligate intracellular bacteria are transmitted to humans. For the spotted fever group (SFG) rickettsiae, Rickettsia typhi. R. tsutsugamushi, Coxiella burnetii, and the human ehrlichial agent, humans are a dead-end host who plays no role in the maintenance of the organism in nature. All rickettsioses exist as zoonoses. Moreover, all rickettsiae are found in infected arthopods, which generally serve as the natural hosts and can transmit the infection to the next generation of ticks, mites, chiggers, or fleas. From our anthropocentric viewpoint, Q fever aerosol infection from parturient animals and Brill-Zinsser disease ignited epidemics of louse-borne epidemic typhus are exceptions. However, silent cycles of C. burnetii in ticks and R. prowazekii in the flying squirrel flea may have maintained these agents in transovarial or enzootic cycles for eons before humans and their domestic animals arrived on the scene. Thus, the epidemiology of rickettsial diseases must be recognized as an unfortunate aberration of the rickettsial economy.Several excellent reviews of rickettsial ecology contain a wealth of useful information (2, 8, 55, 70, 84).Presented at the 4th International Symposium on Riskettsiae and Rickettsial Diseases, Pietany, C.S.F.R., 1–6 October, 1990.     

Antibiotic treatment of rickettsiosis,recent advances and current concepts

The author reviews the recent advances in the treatment of Mediterranean Spotted Fever and Q fever. In mediterranean spotted fever (M.S.F.), in vitro and preliminary in vivo data support the place of quinolones and josamycin in the treatment of M.S.F. In children josamycin could become the first choice drug as well as in pregnant woman. In Q fever chronic disease should be treated using a combination of antibiotic (doxycycline + quinolones) for a minimum of 3 years.Presented at the 4th International Symposium on Rickettsiae and Rickettsial Disease, Pietany, C.S.F.R., 1–6 October, 1990.     

Protective role of R381Q (rs11209026) polymorphism in IL-23R gene in immune-mediated diseases: A comprehensive review

Interleukin-23 (IL-23) is a regulator of cellular immune responses involved in controlling infection and autoimmune diseases. Strong evidence has shown that IL-23 plays a role in the maintenance of immune responses by influencing the proliferation and survival of IL-17-producing T-helper (T_H)-17 cells. The critical role of the IL-23/T_H17 axis in immune-mediated diseases has emerged from different studies. It has also been seen that polymorphisms in the IL-23 receptor (IL-23R) gene might influence IL-23 responses. Interestingly, a functional single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in the IL-23 receptor gene (IL-23R; rs11209026, 1142 G wild-type A reduced function, Arg381Gln, R381Q) seems to confer a measure of protection against development of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD; Crohn’s disease, ulcerative colitis), ankylosing spondylitis, rheumatoid arthritis, psoriasis, thyroiditis, recurrent spontaneous abortion and asthma, suggesting that a perturbation in the IL-23 signaling pathway is likely to be relevant to the pathophysiology of these diseases. The aim of this review was to provide an evaluation of what is currently known about the protective role of R381Q variant in IL-23R gene in immune-based diseases.     

电感耦合等离子体质谱法测定盐酸溴己新葡萄糖注射液中 29种元素杂质含量

目的 建立利用电感耦合等离子体质谱法（ICP-MS）同时测定盐酸溴己新葡萄糖注射液中29种元素杂质含量的分析方法。方法 自2022年9—10月,采用ICP-MS法。样品直接稀释后分析,通过在线加入内标元素来校正测量结果。内标液添加异丙醇进行基质匹配以减少仪器信号漂移干扰和样品基体效应。射频功率1 550 W;雾化气流量1.05 L/min;辅助气流量0.90 L/min;KED模式;碰撞气流量4.5 mL/min;全定量法采集。结果 29个元素在各自的检测浓度范围内线性关系良好（r>0.998 7）。检测限为0.000 057 3～0.285μg/L,平均回收率为91.0%～108.4%(n=3),重复性为1.3%～7.2%(n=6)。结论 该方法快速、准确、操作简便,可用于盐酸溴己新葡萄糖注射液中元素杂质的质量控制。     

注射用门冬酰胺酶蛋白质杂质研究

摘 要 目的：考察注射用门冬酰胺酶中蛋白质杂质情况。方法: 采用蛋白质分离纯化系统对蛋白质样品进行分离,采用蛋白质电泳及UPLC Q TOF MS法分别对2个厂家样品中杂蛋白组分进行分析。结果: 厂家A样品中共检出2种杂蛋白,杂蛋白总量为2.2%;厂家B中共检出19种杂蛋白,杂蛋白总量为7.2%。两个厂家中的杂蛋白均来源于大肠埃希菌。结论:建立的杂蛋白分析检测方法能有效检测出注射用门冬酰胺酶中蛋白质杂质的含量与来源。     

Conjugated and non-conjugated octadecaenoic acids affect differently intestinal acyl coenzyme A: cholesterol acyltransferase activity

We investigated the relative hypocholesterolemic activity of linoleic acid (LA), conjugated linoleic acid (CLA), -linolenic acid (LN) and conjugated linolenic acid (CLN) in hamsters. Five groups of hamsters (n = 10 each) were fed either the control diet or one of the four fatty acids-supplemented diets for 6 weeks. Results demonstrated that the four octadecaenoic acids decreased plasma cholesterol differently, with CLA being the most effective. Western blotting and RT-PCR analysis demonstrated that the four octadecaenoic acids had no effect on sterol regulatory element binding protein-2 (SREBP-2), liver X receptor (LXR), 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutary-CoA reductase (HMGR), LDL receptor (LDLR), and cholesterol-7-hydroxylase (CYP7A1). However, the four octadecaenoic acids increased the excretion of fecal neutral sterols with CLA being most effective followed by LN, LA and CLN, suggesting they all differentially affect cholesterol absorption. Dietary CLA was associated with the least intestinal acyl coenzyme A: cholesterol acyltransferase (ACAT) activity followed by LN, LA and CLN in a decreasing trend. Since esterification of cholesterol is catalyzed by intestinal ACAT, and is a rate-limiting step in cholesterol absorption, it was concluded that the varying effects of CLA, LN, LA and CLN on blood cholesterol were mediated, at least in part, by their inhibition on intestinal ACAT activity.     

VX氧化酶的存在

大鼠、小鼠及鸡的肝脏中存在着需氧的VX代谢酶,即VX氧化酶。需氧的VX代谢酶系统由微粒体中的酶蛋白及细胞可溶性成份中的辅助因子组成,催化VX代谢失活需要NAD~+、NADP~+或NADH、NADPH参与。     

The interobserver reliability of pretest probability assessment in patients with suspected pulmonary embolism

INTRODUCTION: Pretest probability assessment and objective testing are combined to appropriately manage patients with suspected pulmonary embolism (PE). However, the interobserver reliability of pretest probability assessment has not been investigated. We sought to determine (for patients with suspected PE) the interobserver reliability of pretest probability assessment (by overall impression (gestalt) versus an explicit clinical model). MATERIALS AND METHODS: A prospective cohort study was conducted at an urban university hospital. For patients referred for ventilation and perfusion (V/Q) scanning for suspected PE, structured assessments (11 history and 4 physical examination parameters) were performed by a referring physician and a designated thrombosis physician. The referring and thrombosis physicians also assigned a pretest probability for PE (low, moderate, or high) by gestalt. An explicit seven-point clinical model for suspected PE was later applied to each structured assessment to determine the pretest probability. Assessments were performed independently and prior to diagnostic test results. Interobserver reliability (two rater unweighted Kappa (kappa) statistic) was determined for each parameter on the structured assessment and the pretest probability assessments (gestalt vs. explicit clinical model). RESULTS: One hundred and ten patients with suspected PE received duplicate assessments. Historical features demonstrated substantial to almost perfect interobserver reliability (kappa=0.60-0.95). For the physical findings, only heart rate had substantial interobserver reliability (kappa=0.60). Pretest probability assessment was not reliable when using physician's gestalt (kappa=0.33), but produced substantial interobserver reliability using the explicit clinical model (kappa=0.62). CONCLUSIONS: Given the inadequate interobserver reliability of pretest probability assessment by overall impression (or gestalt), physicians should use explicit clinical models in the diagnostic management of patients with suspected pulmonary embolism.