Modified Scleral Flap Incision to Reduce Corneal Astigmatism after Intraocular Lens Implantation

To investigate a simple method during extracapsular cataract extraction with posterior chamber intraocular lens implantation in order to reduce surgically induced corneal astigmatism.Methods: A modified scleral flap incision was used in the extracapsular cataract extraction with intraocular lens implantation and the postoperative changes in conreal astigmatism was observed.Results: The peak value of postoperative corneal astigmatism was 3. 60 D, and the corneal astigmatism regression was 2. 11 D, surgically induced astigmatism was less significant in modified scleral flap incision group than that in conventional limbal incison group (P<0. 05).Conclusions: The modified scleral flap incision is an ideal incision for cataract extraction with intraocular lens implantation when phacoemulsifier is not available. Eye Science 1995; 11-. 136-139.     

深圳市公务员先天性白内障现状及发病因素探讨

目的　通过普查深圳市公务员先天性白内障的现状 ,分析影响先天性白内障患病因素 ,探讨有效的防治措施。　方法　在 2 0 0 3年参加深圳市保健中心健康人群体检 ,2 0岁以上的约 3万名公务员中 ,按 3 :1比例随机抽取93 40人调查。按照先天性白内障诊断及分类标准 ,分析年龄、性别、职业的相关性 ,并进行显著性检验。　结果　深圳市公务员先天性白内障总发病率为 0 86% (80 /93 40 ) ,其中男性为 0 87% (4 0 /5 0 40 ) ,女性为 0 84% (3 6/4 3 0 0 ) ,男性高于女性 (P <0 0 5 ) ,职业无明显差异 (P <0 0 5 )与家族史有关。　结论　先天性白内障病发展缓慢 ,发现困难 ,应作为常规体检项目 ,减少遗传病儿出生。     

白内障手术后急性高眼压快速处理法

目的:探讨白内障手术后急性高眼压的快速处理。方法:对于手术前无青光眼史、眼压正常的白内障患者,手术后眼压增高者,应用表面麻醉,开睑,1mL消毒注射器压迫辅助切口后唇,房水自然流出,眼压随即下降。结果:共处理白内障手术后高眼压67例,放水1次眼压恢复正常者65例,两次放水眼压恢复正常者1例,4次1例。其中6例放水后前房出血,经半卧位休息及全身应用止血药后3～5d出血吸收。无其它并发症。结论:应用辅助切口放出房水治疗白内障手术后高眼压,无应用高渗脱水剂引起肾功能障碍的风险,治疗后眼压随即下降,角膜恢复透明,高眼压临床症状立即消失,减少了高眼压对手术眼视力的损害,且无特殊并发症,经济实用,可以在临床推广应用。     

超声乳化白内障摘除手术中小瞳孔的处理

目的探讨小瞳孔白内障的手术方法、效果、并发症及其处理.方法本组对近5年来完成的188例由于炎症、抗青光眼手术以后、外伤、糖尿病等引起的小瞳孔白内障病人进行回顾性分析.本组病人均采用超声乳化摘除法,手术中没有用辅助的扩瞳器,采用的是人工机械性扩大瞳孔,超声乳化的技巧是弹性法和劈裂法.结果手术后病人的瞳孔都有不同程度的扩大,但一般都不大于5mm且成规则状.有半数病人有不同程度的手术后角膜水肿,1周后自行恢复;极个别的病人角膜水肿恢复时间比较长,但未发现角膜失代偿.还有少数病人有后囊破裂,悬韧带断裂,玻璃体脱出.结论对于有经验的医师超声乳化手术在小瞳孔白内障的处理是安全有效的,可以获得如同正常瞳孔的白内障相同的效果.     

Toward affordable,sustainable eye care

Adapted from Keynote Addresses to the 5th General Assembly of the International Agency for the Prevention of Blindness, Berlin, Germany, May 9, 1994, and to the International Congress of Ophthalmology, Toronto, Canada, June 29, 1994.     

Anterior eye focusing of peripheral ultraviolet and visible radiation albedo

Concern about short- and long-term ultraviolet radiation (particularly UVB) damage to the eye has led to increased research in this area. Numerous studies have confirmed the pathogenic enhancing roles of reflected ultraviolet (UV) and visible radiation in our environment. There is concern that conventional sunglasses do not protect the eye adequately from reflected rays (albedo), especially on the lateral aspect, from behind and from below. Using eye models and computer ray tracing methods, the pathways of oblique rays incident at the temporal peripheral cornea have been plotted by Maloof, Ho and Coroneo.¹ These rays are refracted and focused and theoretically can result in up to 20 times the concentration of incident irradiance at the nasal anterior chamber angle and nasal equatorial cortex of the crystalline lens. The purpose of this study was to determine the limits of angular subtense of the incident peripheral light which is refracted in this manner in human subjects and to investigate the relation between corneal shape and certain ocular parameters to the limits. A statistically significant positive correlation was found between temporal entrance angle and anterior chamber depth (r = 0.70, P< 0.0006). The entrance angle ranged from 15 degrees to 30 degrees and was located 10 degrees to 45 degrees posterior to the coronal plane. Our results support Maloof and colleagues' predictions for the implication of focused peripheral UV and high intensity visible radiation in the pathogenesis of pterygium and cortical cataract and emphasise the need for lateral eye protection in conditions of high ultraviolet albedo.     

不同检测方法预测白内障术后视力的观察

目的 评价各种检测方法在预测白内障术后视功能恢复的作用。方法 白内障197例(214眼)术前行闪光视网膜电图(F-ERG)、闪光视诱发电位(BVEP)、视网膜计、光定位、色觉及注视性质等综合检测，术后3月复查最佳矫正视力。结果 术前F—ERG的b波、F—VEP的P1波、潜视力、色觉均与术后视力存在显著相关性，其中F-ERG、F—VEP、潜视力预测术后视力的可靠性分别为62．6％、79．0％、60．6％。但排除白内障完全成熟及高龄者(超过80岁)，潜视力预测的可靠性则达82．6％。结论 对于非完全成熟及非高龄者，视网膜计是术前预测白内障术后视力比较理想的方法，而对于完全浑浊及高龄者，视网膜计检查结果的准确性欠佳，应结合F-ERG、F-VEP、色觉及注视性质等多方面因素进行综合讲价。     

实验性D—半乳糖诱发动物白内障造模的探讨

用D—半乳糖餵饲、腹腔及球后注射诱发白内障造模,经裂隙灯检查结果表示,30％D—半乳糖餵饲大鼠造模是一种简单有效的方法。     

白内障形成机制研究

通过对老年性白内障、外伤性白内障、先天性白内障(共14例)及正常晶体(20例)的SOD测定,表明晶体内自由基产生增加,抗氧化能力障碍是白内障形成的重要原因之一。同时,对晶体内自由基的发生及致病机理进行了探讨,提示在白内障形成初期,给予抗氧化制剂在可能阻止或延缓白内障形成。