中医证的构成与证的表现形式--临床辨证灵活性的理论基础

提出中医“证的构成”与“证的表现形式”，阐述临床上证候表现之所以错纵复杂、变化多端的关键所在，意为临床辨证的灵活性提供理论依据。     

Bronchial foreign body: should bronchoscopy be performed in all patients with a choking crisis?

The aspiration of a bronchial foreign body (FB) remains a common pediatric problem with serious and sometimes fatal sequelae. The diagnosis is often delayed or overlooked. With the aim of determining a reliable clinical and/or radiologic finding to indicate the requirement for bronchoscopy, 100 patients admitted to our hospital because of FB aspiration who underwent rigid bronchoscopy were retrospectively studied. The clinical and radiologic data were compared with the bronchoscopy findings, which revealed that the history of a choking crisis was the clinical parameter that showed the highest sensitivity (97%) with high specificity (63%), and that other symptoms and radiology, even those with high sensitivity (88% and 85%, respectively), had low specificity (9%). We conclude that bronchoscopy should be performed in all patients with a history of a choking crisis even if they have normal radiologic findings and few symptoms.     

Haemoptysis in healthy children due to unsuspected foreign body

Abstract: Haemoptysis in otherwise healthy children is an uncommon event. Two cases of massive haemoptysis, subsequently requiring lobectomy, are discussed. In each case, foreign vegetable matter was identified despite previously normal bronchoscopy and minimal changes on chest radiograph.     

9312的解酒和降低体温作用的研究

３１２的醇提液对小鼠经口的ＬＤ５０为５２．１１ｇ／ｋｇ，对家兔有明显降低体温的作用；它的水浸液对小鼠有解酒作用     

食管异物摘取术的麻醉选择

为探讨食管异物摘取术的麻醉方法，提高手术效果，对７２例食管异物患者采用强化表面麻醉法和气管内插管麻醉法进行了手术和对比观察。７２例异物均取出顺利，无严重并发症发生。资料显示：两种麻醉各具优越性，前者适用于年龄较大的儿童和成人，后者适用于食管异物并呼吸困难的小儿。     

人工耳蜗植入者音乐感知能力的初步研究

目的　建立测试人工耳蜗植入者音乐感知能力的体系 ,研究语后聋成人和语前聋儿童人工耳蜗植入后对音乐感知的能力。方法　构建测试用的标准钢琴音调和乐曲测试素材库 ,运用该素材库在CakewalkPro 8.0平台上进行音调和乐曲的感知能力测试 ,测试对象包括已植入多导人工耳蜗的 2名语后聋成人、8名语前聋儿童和各自的正常对照组。结果　建立了一个可用于人工耳蜗植入者音乐感知能力测试的系统。音调差异感知阈 (df/f)在植入人工耳蜗的语后聋成人和语前聋儿童分别为 7.78%± 6 .6 3%和 14 .4 9%± 11.2 0 % ,与各自正常人对照组比较有显著性差异 ;但两组间无显著性差异。植入人工耳蜗的语后聋成人在熟悉乐曲测试中 ,对正确乐曲的感知差异度为 - 2 .75± 0 .35 (半音 ) ,离散度为 1.5 0± 0 .71(半音 ) ,都与正常成人有显著性差异。结论　运用数字音乐技术和MIDI软件建立的这一测试系统能够方便的测试人工耳蜗植入者的音乐感知能力。人工耳蜗植入者音乐感知能力不及正常人     

幼儿外侧膝状体微血管的形态学分析

目的分析幼儿外侧膝状体微血管的形态结构。方法采用8例死亡24 h内的幼儿外侧膝状体,经碱性磷酸酶染色、光镜观察及体视学处理,对幼儿外侧膝状体微血管密度进行分析。结果幼儿外侧膝状体后2/3部微血管密度高于前1/3部的微血管密度,经t检验,P<0.01。结论①幼儿阶段外侧膝状体与其相对应的视皮质各区微血管密度的大小相一致。②按照功能与结构相一致的原则,本课题研究结果支持“直接兴奋性输入会聚学说”。     

Multiple tumors due to mosaic genome‐wide paternal uniparental disomy

Mosaic genome‐wide paternal uniparental disomy is an infrequently described disorder in which affected individuals have signs and symptoms that may resemble Beckwith–Wiedemann syndrome. In addition, they can develop multiple benign and malignant tumors throughout life. Routine molecular diagnostics may not detect the (characteristic) low level of mosaicism, and the diagnosis is likely to be missed. Genetic counseling and a life‐long alertness for the development of tumors is indicated. We describe the long diagnostic process of a patient who already had a tumor at birth and developed multiple tumors in childhood and adulthood. Furthermore, we offer clues to recognize the entity.     

系统性红斑狼疮患者的症状群及其网络分析

目的 描述系统性红斑狼疮患者症状群的构成,并运用网络分析探索群内症状之间的关系,为症状管理提供依据。方法 采取便利抽样原则选取201例系统性红斑狼疮患者为研究对象。采用一般资料调查表、系统性红斑狼疮症状清单对患者进行调查。症状群的提取采用探索性因子分析,以JASP软件绘制网络分析图及各症状中心指标图,分析群内症状之间的关系。结果 系统性红斑狼疮患者疲劳的发生率最高(64.7%),共提取5个症状群：疲劳相关症状群、体质量增加相关症状群、瘙痒-疼痛相关症状群、皮肤改变症状群、身体形象症状群。经过网络分析,对太阳光过敏在所有集群中的强度和紧密度最高,情绪改变的中介度最高。结论 系统性红斑狼疮患者存在症状群,各症状的影响强度不同。临床医护人员需密切关注患者症状,通过改善核心症状来改变群内与之相关的其他症状,进一步提高患者的生活质量。     

Use of Ilizarov Device to Gain Early Range of Motion in the Treatment of Pediatric Talus Body Fractures: A Series of Four Cases and Literature Review

BackgroundTalus fractures are rare in children but can lead to severe outcomes if untreated. The Ilizarov external fixator has been used in the treatment of a variety of lower extremity pathologies. The purpose of this study was to investigate the clinical outcomes of talus body fractures treated with the Ilizarov external fixator.Case PresentationFour male pediatric patients (age range, 5–11 years) with talus body fractures who were treated by open reduction and internal fixation combined with Ilizarov external fixator between November 2015 and April 2016 were reviewed. Mean follow‐up period was 4 years (range, 4–5). Clinical outcome was evaluated using the clinical rating scale of the American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS). All four patients achieved good to excellent results at the last follow‐up. None of the patients developed avascular necrosis. One patient developed automatic fusion of tibiotalar joint.ConclusionUse of the Ilizarov external fixator to gain early range of motion is a valuable option for treatment of talus body fractures in children.