“中药脑脊液药物化学”研究的初步构建

借鉴中药血清药物化学研究方法,首次明确提出了“中药脑脊液药物化学”的概念及其研究思路和方法,总结归纳了透血脑屏障药物化学成分分析方法在单味中药及复方药效物质基础研究中的现状,并对中药脑脊液药物化学的研究前景和科研价值进行了展望,认为“中药脑脊液药物化学”研究是对传统中药复方物质基础研究方法的重要补充,对中医方剂的现代化研究必将起到积极推动作用.     

消岩汤治疗非小细胞肺癌临床及基础研究进展

近年来,肺癌已成为全球死亡率最高的恶性肿瘤,其中非小细胞肺癌(non small cell lung cancer,NSCLC)占所有肺癌的85％左右,目前NSCLC的临床疗效仍不甚理想.贾英杰教授提出本病"黜浊培本"的中医治则,并拟定消岩汤,临床疗效确切,单独应用于NSCLC或配合放化疗等抗肿瘤治疗,可有效延长无进展...     

Quantitative Study of Basic Fibroblast Growth Factor in Vitreous with Proliferative Vitreoretinopathy

Objective: To quantitatively study basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) in the vitreous of proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR) in orderto understand the role of bFGF in the development of PVR.Method: High sensitive sandwich enzyme immunoassay technique(ELISA) was used to measure bFGF level in vitreous of normal eyes, the eyes of PVR-C or PVR-D grade, eyes of vitreous hemorrhage and the serum levels of bFGF in PVR-D patients. Results: The levels of bFGF in the vitreous were: median 5. 20ng/L, quartile 15. 47 ng/L in 20 normal eyes; median 3. 12ng/L, quartile 10. 48 ng/L in 35 PVR-C eyes; median 46. 56 ng/L, quartile 113. 96 ng/L in 26 PVR-D eyes; median 1. 40 ng/L, quartile 6. 25 ng/L in 25 vitreous hemorrhage eyes. The vitreous bFGF level in PVR-D group was significantly higher than that in the normal group, PVR-C group and vitreous hemorrhage group ( P < 0. 01). The mean of serum-bFGF level was 18. 33 ± 3. 39 ng/ L. The vitreous bFGF level of PVR-D group was significantly higher than serum-bFGF lev     

中药散血明目片抑制兔视网膜静脉阻塞后视网膜VEGF和bFGF的表达

目的:探讨活血通脉利水明目作用的中药散血明目片防治视网膜静脉阻塞(retinal vein occlusion,RVO)并发新生血管的作用。方法:将家兔48只96眼随机分为4组,每组12只24眼。A健康空白组;B模型组;C血栓通组;D散血明目片组。采用激光光凝法建立兔RVO模型,分别于术后3,7,14,21d用空气栓塞法处死动物,即刻摘取眼球石蜡包埋切片。免疫组化法观察兔视网膜组织中血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)和碱性成纤维细胞生长因子(bFGF)的表达。结果:成功建立了RVO模型。D组与B组比较,视网膜组织中VEGF含量(21d时分别为0.442±0.034和0.583±0.056)和bFGF含量(21d时分别为0.419±0.040和0.514±0.056)明显减少,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),与C组比较差异无统计学意义。结论:活血通脉利水明目之散血明目片能抑制视网膜面VEGF和bFGF的高表达。     

Astrocytes in the damaged brain: Molecular and cellular insights into their reactive response and healing potential

Long considered merely a trophic and mechanical support to neurons, astrocytes have progressively taken the center stage as their ability to react to acute and chronic neurodegenerative situations became increasingly clear. Reactive astrogliosis starts when trigger molecules produced at the injury site drive astrocytes to leave their quiescent state and become activated. Distinctive morphological and biochemical features characterize this process (cell hypertrophy, upregulation of intermediate filaments, and increased cell proliferation). Moreover, reactive astrocytes migrate towards the injured area to constitute the glial scar, and release factors mediating the tissue inflammatory response and remodeling after lesion. A novel view of astrogliosis derives from the finding that subsets of reactive astrocytes can recapitulate stem cell/progenitor features after damage, fostering the concept of astroglia as a promising target for reparative therapies. But which biochemical/signaling pathways modulate astrogliosis with respect to both the time after injury and the type of damage? Are reactive astrocytes overall beneficial or detrimental for neuroprotection and tissue regeneration? This debate has been animating this research field for several years now, and an integrated view on the results obtained and the possible future perspectives is needed. With this Commentary article we have attempted to answer the above-mentioned questions by reviewing the current knowledge on the molecular mechanisms controlling and sustaining the reaction of astroglia to injury and its stem cell-like properties. Moreover, the cellular/molecular mechanisms supporting the detrimental or beneficial features of astrogliosis have been scrutinized to gain insights on possible pharmacological approaches to enhance astrocyte neuroprotective activities.     

取象比类思想的价值与运用

“取象比类”是我国古代人们研究自然界规律所普遍运用的一种朴素认知方法,又称“援物比类”。是以“象”的相似关联性研究为基础,发掘物质本质属性的实践方法。长期以来,“取象比类”便一直成为中医学广泛运用的逻辑推理方法,在中医药学发展过程中发挥了重大作用。“取象比类”是我国古人研究自然过程中形成的一种原创思维,并为中医学所长期应用,丰富了中医学的理论内容,在时下的中医研究当中仍具备重要意义。     

不同手术方法治疗儿童基本型外斜视对术后侧转非共同性的影响

目的:研究不同手术方法治疗儿童基本型外斜视与术后侧转非共同性发生及矫正效果相关性。方法:回顾性研究。选取2018-06/2020-12于我院眼科接受治疗的180例基本型外斜视患儿临床资料。根据手术方式分为单眼一退一截术组(R&R组)104例和双眼外直肌后徙术组(BLR-rec组) 76例。比较两组患者一般资料、手术矫正效果,以及随访期间手术斜视度数、侧转非共同性发生情况。结果:两组患者术后3d, 1、6mo视近、视远斜视度比较均无差异(均P>0.05)。R&R组术后不同时间点正位率高于BLR-rec组(P<0.05)。R&R组较BLR-rec组发生侧转非共同性的风险更低(OR=0.524, Wald χ²=4.260,P=0.039)。两组患者术后6mo主要表现在水平直肌手术眼外展方向注视,但两组患儿视远和视近侧转非共同性发生率均无差异(均P>0.05)。结论:R&R对于儿童基本型外斜视的矫正效果优于BLR-rec术式,可降低侧转非共同性发生情况。     

试论基层药学服务的高职药学专业课程体系改革

目的 探讨高职药学专业课程体系改革,使学生具备在基层开展药学服务的能力.方法 分析现有高职药学专业课程体系存在的问题,研究基层药学服务的基本需求,有针对性地进行高职药学专业课程体系的改革.结果 长期以来,我国高职药学教育沿袭“化学—药学教育模式”,培养出来的学生化学知识丰富,生物医学知识贫乏,与药学服务工作相关的能力比较薄弱.结论 通过理论教学体系和实践教学体系两个方面的改革,强化医学类课程教学,加强专业课程的优化整合,注重交叉学科课程的开设,新增人文学科知识,践行情景式的实验教学,探索“双元制”的教学模式,培养出来的学生能基本满足在基层开展药学服务的需要.     

rh-bFGF对缺血再灌注损伤兔视网膜组织中谷氨酸表达的影响

目的 探讨重组人碱性成纤维细胞生长因子(rh-bFGF)对缺血再灌注损伤(IRI)兔视网膜组织中谷氨酸水平的影响。 方法 将66只大耳白兔分为A组［视网膜缺血再灌注损伤(RIRI)组］30只、B组(RIRI+rh-bFGF组)30只和C组(正常假手术组)6只;缺血再灌注后6、12、24、48、72 h,A、B 2组又依次分为5个亚组,每组6只。造模初期,A、B组分别于玻璃体腔内注入相同剂量的生理盐水和rh-bFGF溶液,并于制模后5个时间点处死,摘取眼球。C组给予前房穿刺,无其他操作,处死后摘除眼球。观察3组视网膜病理形态学的变化,并检测视网膜谷氨酸含量。 结果 A组视网膜出现高度水肿,层次紊乱,细胞结构疏松,视网膜节细胞(RGC)出现空泡样变性,神经节细胞数目减少;B组视网膜结构层次和细胞组织变化与A组大致相同,但其损害程度较A组明显减轻;C组视网膜各层次清晰,细胞平行排列且形态规则,RGC呈单层排列、规则,无空泡变性。缺血再灌注后6、12、24、48、72 h,A、B 2组视网膜谷氨酸含量均显著高于C组(P<0.01)。与A组比较,B组各时间点谷氨酸含量明显降低(P<0.01)。 结论 rh-bFGF对兔视网膜损伤具有保护作用,其机制可能与抑制细胞凋亡、降低谷氨酸含量有关。     

散血明目片对兔tPVR玻璃体中生长因子和细胞间粘附分子浓度的影响

目的探讨活血利水之散血明目片对外伤性增生性玻璃体视网膜病变（traumatic proliferative vitmoretinopathy，tPVR）玻璃体中碱性成纤维细胞生长因子（basic fibroblasts growth factors，bFGF）、表皮生长因子（epidermal growth factor，EGF）和细胞间粘附分子-1（intercellular adhesion molecule-1，ICAM—1）浓度的影响及防治PVR的作用机理。方法50只家免随机抽取40只，造成外伤性PVR模型．随机分成散血明目片组、桃红四物汤组、猪苓散组、模型组，另10只为空白组。连续灌胃1月后，检测玻璃体中bFGF、EGF和ICAM-1的含量，检眼镜眼底检查并取眼球壁标本作组织病理学观察。结果散血明目片组玻璃体中bFGF、EGF、ICAM—1含量低于模型组，2者有显著性差异（P〈0．01）．散血明目片组EGF含量与空白组比较差异无显著性（P〉0．05），bFGF含量高于空白组（P〈0．05），桃红四物汤组与猪苓散组bFGF、EGF、ICAM-1浓度均低于模型组，且均高于空白组，有显著性差异（P〈0．01），桃红四物汤组与猪苓散组bFGF、EGF、ICAM-1浓度高于散血明目片组，有显著差异（P〈0．01）。各治疗组ICAM-1含量高于空白组，有显著性差异（P〈0、01）。结论活血利水之散血明日片有可能通过降低玻璃体中bFGF、EGF和ICAM-1的浓度，抑制增殖细胞的过度增生从而防治PVR形成和发展。