Corneal epithelial stem cells for corneal injury

Introduction: Ocular surface diseases with limbal insufficiency represent a therapeutic challenge for restoring vision. This corneal deficiency includes both classical ocular diseases (as chemical burns) and rare ocular diseases (as congenital aniridia and ocular cicatricial pemphigoid).

Areas covered: Our understanding of limbal epithelial stem cells (LESCs) has increased the potential for treatment options. Pharmacological treatment strategies (as regenerating agent ophthalmic solutions) and especially surgical treatment strategies are available. Isolated LESCs can be produced by limbal primary cultures obtained from explants or cell suspensions. We review the latest cornea surgery techniques.

Expert opinion: The adjunction of human limbal mesenchymal cells as a support for limbal stem cell primary cultures appears to be of great interest. Recently, human-induced pluripotent stem cells have allowed the generation of minicorneal organoids. This potential means of creating a three-dimensional cornea with in vitro maturation opens up important research areas for corneal regeneration therapy.     

纤维蛋白胶运用于翼状胬肉手术的临床观察

目的:观察纤维蛋白胶运用于翼状胬肉切除联合自体结膜移植术的临床效果。方法:选取60例60眼原发性鼻侧翼状胬肉患者随机分为试验组(纤维蛋白胶组)和对照组(缝线组)各30例30眼。行翼状胬肉切除联合自体结膜移植术,试验组采用纤维蛋白胶粘合固定植片,对照组采用10-0尼龙线缝合固定植片。术后随访6mo,观察手术时间、术后疼痛、异物感、并发症以及复发。结果:试验组手术时间(24.5±6.5min)较对照组(35.2±5.4min)短,两组差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。术后患者疼痛和异物感试验组较对照组减轻(P<0.05)。两组均未发生术后严重并发症,试验组结膜下出血发生率低于控制组(P<0.05),6mo时纤维蛋白胶组1例(3%)复发,缝线组3例(10%)复发。结论:纤维蛋白胶运用于翼状胬肉手术固定结膜植片能减轻患者术后不适,减少手术时间及术后并发症,是一种安全有效的方法。     

The development of a normalization method for comparing nerve regeneration effectiveness among different graft types

The inability to compare directly different nerve grafts has been a significant factor hindering the advance of nerve graft development. Due to the abundance of variables that exist in nerve graft construction and multiple assessment types, there has been limited success in comparing nerve graft effectiveness among experiments. Using mathematical techniques on nerve conduction velocity (NCV) autograft data, a normalization function was empirically derived that normalizes differences in gap lengths. Further analysis allowed for the development of the relative regeneration ratio (RRR). The RRR function allows researchers to directly compare nerve graft results based on the NCV data from their respective studies as long as the data was collected at the same post‐operation time. This function also allows for comparisons between grafts tested at different gap lengths. Initial testing of this RRR function provided confidence that the function is accurate for a continuum of gap lengths and different nerve graft types.     

不同移植物对翼状胬肉患者视力和角膜散光及泪膜功能的影响

目的：分析角膜缘自体结膜移植和羊膜移植对行翼状胬肉手术患者视力、角膜散光(CAD)、泪膜功能的影响。

方法：前瞻性研究。选取2018-08/2020-03我院眼科收治的翼状胬肉手术患者96例96眼,依据随机数字表法将其分为观察组(48例48眼,行翼状胬肉切除联合角膜缘自体结膜移植治疗)、对照组(48例48眼,行翼状胬肉切除联合羊膜移植治疗),比较两组患者手术时间、角膜上皮愈合时间、结膜充血及水肿消退时间、术后裸眼视力(UCVA)、泪膜功能\〖泪膜破裂时间(BUT)、泪液分泌试验(SⅠt)\〗、CAD、眼表疾病指数(OSDI)、复发率、并发症发生率。

结果：观察组患者手术时间较对照组长,而角膜上皮愈合时间短于对照组(P<0.001),两组患者结膜充血及水肿消退时间比较无差异(P>0.05); 术后1、3、6mo两组患者UCVA、BUT、SⅠt均较术前改善(P<0.05),CAD、OSDI评分较术前降低(P<0.05),且观察组术后1mo BUT、SⅠt较对照组低,术后3、6mo BUT、SⅠt较对照组长,术后1、3、6mo OSDI评分低于对照组(P<0.05),两组患者术后UCVA和CAD比较无差异(P>0.05); 观察组术后6mo内复发率低于对照组(P<0.05),而两组术后6mo内并发症发生率无差异(P>0.05)。

结论：与羊膜移植相比,角膜缘自体结膜移植联合翼状胬肉切除术治疗翼状胬肉患者可明显缩短角膜上皮愈合时间,减少对泪膜功能的影响及复发率,且不影响视力与CAD,安全性可靠。