胃石症的X线诊断与中药治疗(附80例分析)

植物性胃石是一种比较常见的疾病,由于不适当食用山楂或柿子引起.诊断主要依靠X线钡餐透视,治疗方法文献报告很多,但大多数疗效差且不可靠,甚至有的需手术取石治疗,加重患者痛苦及经济负担.笔者采用中药排石汤治疗胃石症80例取得较好效果,现分析报告如下.     

X线投照角度对根尖片诊断牙根吸收影响的研究

目前，根尖片和曲面断层片是诊断牙根吸收的常用方法。与曲面断层片相比，根尖片的投照技术能够保证获得更加准确的影像，更加有效地诊断正畸牙根吸收。但是在拍摄根尖片时，有许多因素可能造成影像的失真。这些因素包括：X线的投照角度、牙齿-胶片位置关系、焦点-胶片距离、牙齿-胶片距离等。其中，X线的投照角度最难控制。     

547例垂体腺瘤延迟诊断原因及影像诊断分析

目的:提高垂体腺瘤特别是微腺瘤早期影像诊断率。方法:通过对所搜集病史资料完整,经医学影像学确诊和手术病理证实的547例垂体腺瘤(内有251例微腺瘤)延迟诊断原因的分析,找到影响垂体腺瘤早期诊断的因素。结果:296例垂体大腺瘤蝶鞍X线平片、CT、MR常规检查即可诊断。CT骨窗蝶鞍片有助于垂体微腺瘤的诊断,251例微腺瘤经高分辨力CT薄层冠状强化扫描和高场强MR薄层强化扫描得以明确诊断。结论:熟悉垂体腺瘤的首发症状,及时行CT、MR常规扫描可明确大腺瘤的诊断,CT骨窗片可发现垂体微腺瘤的佐证。高场强MR薄层强化扫描是目前诊断垂体微腺瘤的最佳方法,高分辨力CT冠状薄层强化扫描次之,结合神经内分泌学检查是提高垂体腺瘤影像学早期诊断率的主要措施。     

继发性外部性脑积水的CT诊断及随访观察

目的探讨继发性外部性脑积水的CT特征及随访观察的价值.方法回顾性分析了36例有明确病因的继发性外部性脑积水的CT特征及随访结果.结果双侧额或额顶部蛛网膜下腔对称性增宽者36例(100%),双侧裂池增宽者36例(100%),额顶部脑沟增宽加深者31例(86.11%),前纵裂池增宽者36例(100%),脑基底池扩大者21例(58.33%),脑室轻度扩大者7例(19.44%).复查10例患儿其中8例外部性脑积水及临床症状消失,智力良好.其余2例均伴外伤史,其中一例复查出现脑萎缩征象,另一例出现脑积水征象.结论C检查及随访观察对于继发性外部性脑积水的诊断、鉴别诊断及指导临床治疗具有重要的价值.     

脂微球前列环素E1治疗急性呼吸窘迫综合征的观察及护理

急性呼吸窘迫综合征(ARDS)是重症感染严重并发症之一，病死率极高。前列环素E1用于治疗ARDS主要抑制血小板聚集，调节炎症反应和降低肺动脉压，改善氧合和组织供氧。但在最终能否缩短呼吸机通气时间及降低病死率之意见不一。我科于2000年1月-2003年12月共抢救ARDS68例，其中34例用脂微球前列环素E1(Lipo—PGE1)治疗，现将其护理总结如下。     

B超引导下心包穿刺置管治疗癌性心包积液1例

患者男,63岁。因发现颈部肿块5个月,伴咳嗽、气促1个月入院,经检查确诊为:左上肺周围型肺癌,在本院行光子刀放疗及化疗一疗程出院,于2003年11月24日因胸闷、气促再次入院。查体:体温36℃,脉搏110次/m in,呼吸22次/m in,血压108/66m m H g。面色苍白,端坐呼吸,左侧胸部略隆起,呼?..     

多层螺旋CT在鉴别孤立性肺结节中恶性肿瘤的评价

严格意义上讲,孤立性肺结节（solitary pulmo-nary nodule,SPN）是指全肺内唯一的2～30 mm边界清楚的类圆形病灶.但在实际工作和本文叙述中,将呈毛刺状轮廓的孤立病灶也包括在内.在所有SPN中,恶性肿瘤约占40%,良性病变约占60%.但这种比例会受普查人群中肉芽肿性疾病的地方特性和受检人群以及检查方法的影响.就年龄而言,＜35岁患者SPN的恶性肿瘤可能性只占1%～3%,40岁患者良、恶性的概率几乎各占50%.     

根塑联合治疗老年磨牙尖周炎的疗效观察

随着生活水平的提高及口腔保健知识的日益普及，越来越多的老年人不愿随意拔牙。但伴随着年龄的增长，牙齿也发生着增龄性变化，根管变细、狭窄、钙化，这又为完善的根管治疗增加了一定难度。作者采用根管塑化联合治疗老年磨牙急、慢性根尖周炎，根据临床观察研究，认为此法值得在临床中推广使用。     

甲硝唑、螺旋霉素变异干髓治疗乳牙根尖周炎的疗效观察

目的探讨甲硝唑、螺旋霉素变异干髓治疗乳牙根尖周炎的疗效及安全性。方法采用常规变异干髓治疗配以甲硝唑、螺旋霉素混合剂选择326例儿童患者进行临床观察。结果326例患者中,301例治愈,占92.3%,20例有效占6.2%,5例无效占1.5%。结论甲硝唑、螺旋霉素变异干髓治疗儿童乳牙根尖周病的方法操作简单,疗效明显值得临床推广应用。     

PET/CT在评价及观察大鼠肺癌放疗效果中的应用

Objective The aim of this study was to understand the role of PET/CT in monitoring the therapeutic effect of radiotherapy (RT) on lung cancer with Wistar rats. Methods Thirty Wistar in-bred strain rats (6-8 weeks, weighed 180-280 g, female, ordinary) were made into Lewis pulmonary tumor model rats. 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) PET/CT was performed when tumor reached 1.5-2.0 cm in greatest diameter (4-6 weeks) as a baseline. In order to get the optimal time point of PET/CT for moni-toring RT effect in rat cancer model, PET/CT was performed at the 3rd day, 1st, 2nd, 3rd, and 4th week after giving single dose of 5 Gy to each rat. Standardized uptake values (SUV) from FDG PET were measured and rats were sacrificed at different time point for validation. Besides, the expressions of glucose transport1 (Glut1) in tumor tissue were studied using immunohistochemistry. The level of tumor cell apoptosis, degra-dation, and necrosis were observed. SPSS 11.0 software was used for data analyses. Results A negative correlation of SUV uptake and time after RT and negative correlation of Glut1 expression and time after RT were observed in rat tumors, respectively. Positive correlation of SUV uptake and Glut1 expression in rat tumors was observed (Spearman rank correlation test, rs = 0.97, P < 0.01). Before RT, the SUV in rat tumor was 1.28 ± 0.31 and was decrease to 1. 00 ± 0.23 at the 3rd day and 0.18 ± 0. 10 at the 4th week after RT (F=15. 126, P<0.05). Before RT, the Glut1 in rat tumor was 0.2558 ±0.03 and was decrease to 0. 2320 ± 0. 01 at the 3rd day and 0. 1320±0.04 at the 4th week after RT. The amounts of tumor cell apopto-sis, degradation, and necrosis increased with time after RT. Conclusion Though FDG PET could monitor the therapeutic effect at the 3rd day after giving single dose of RT to rat lung tumor model, the optimal time was the the 4th week after treatment.