Study on Characteristics for Reaming Titanium Alloy Ti6Al4V with Two Kinds of Cemented-Carbide Groove Reamers

Titanium alloys have been extensively used in practical machining owing to their outstanding mechanical properties, high specific strength and low thermal deformation. In this study, the cutting experiments are carried out on Ti6Al4V material with right-hand and straight cemented-carbide groove reamers. The experimental results show that the cutting force with the right-hand reamer is smaller compared to straight groove reamer due to the groove structure. The main tool wear forms are micro-chipping, adhesive wear, abrasive wear, and coating falling off on the right-hand reamer, while there is a built-up edge and serious damage failure on the cutting edge of the straight groove reamer. Notch wear and pitting on the surface of the hole wall are mainly caused by chip adhesion and tool wear. The surface-roughness value is the lowest as the cutting speed is 60 m/min and the feed rate is 0.4 mm/rev. The holes machined by the right-hand reamer have a low hole diameter deviation with various cutting parameters. The geometric accuracy of cylindricity is higher as the feed rate is 0.4 mm/rev and the cutting speed is 40 m/min for both kinds of reamers, and the cylindricity is better with the right-hand reamer.     

人工晶状体睫状沟缝线固定术的临床探讨

目的探讨人工晶状体睫状沟缝线固定的手术技巧和临床疗效。方法对白内障囊外摘除术或超声乳化术中后囊膜破裂超过2个象限或晶状体悬韧带断裂范围>90°、白内障囊内摘除术后、外伤致晶状体全脱位或伴眼内异物行玻璃体切除术后无晶状体囊膜的患者43例(43只眼),采用人工晶状体睫状沟缝线固定法植入后房型人工晶状体。结果随访4～24个月,平均随访15个月,复查时最佳矫正视力1.0,最低0.2,视力在0.5以上者22只眼(占51.1%)。36只眼术后无并发症。结论人工晶状体睫状沟缝线固定术是无晶状体囊膜及晶状体后囊膜破裂或晶状体悬韧带大范围断裂的首选手术方法。     

Association of dopamine and opioid receptor genetic polymorphisms with response to methadone maintenance treatment

BACKGROUND: Genetic variations of the dopamine and opioid receptors could influence the response to methadone maintenance treatment (MMT). METHODS: We included 238 MMT patients according to their response to treatment and methadone dosing, along with 217 subjects without substance dependence. All were genotyped for polymorphisms of the dopamine D(1), D(2), micro-opioid and delta-opioid receptor genes. Results: The polymorphisms of the micro-opioid (118A>G), delta-opioid (921T>C), dopamine D(1) (DdeI) and D(2) (TaqI A) receptor genes were not associated with response to MMT and methadone dosing, whereas an association was found with the dopamine D(2) receptor (DRD2) 957C>T polymorphism. The 957CC carriers were more frequently non-responders to treatment (OR=2.4; p=0.02) and presented a fourfold shorter period of negative urine screening (p=0.02). No significant differences in allele frequencies were observed between the MMT patients and the control group, suggesting no association of the analyzed polymorphisms with opioid dependence. CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that DRD2 genotype may contribute to the understanding of the interindividual variability to the response to MMT.     

嗅沟脑膜瘤的手术策略

目的 探讨嗅沟脑膜瘤的手术治疗策略. 方法 回顾性分析广州医学院第二附属医院神经外科自2003年1月至2008年12月收治的22例嗅沟脑膜瘤患者的临床资料和手术效果. 结果本组病例中冠状开颅双侧额下入路12例,冠状开颅单侧额下入路3例,翼点入路4例,眶上锁孔入路3例.Simpson Ⅰ级切除13例,SimpsonⅡ级切除7例,SimpsonⅢ级切除2例.随访16例,时间5个月～5年,均行头颅MRI检查,未见肿瘤复发. 结论 嗅沟脑膜瘤的手术人路应根据肿瘤的大小和生长部位来选择,手术者要结合自己的熟练程度灵活掌握和运用.     

Perineal groove: A rare congenital abnormality of failure of fusion of the perineal raphe and discussion of its embryological origin

We present a case where a baby girl was born with failure of fusion of the perineal raphe. To our knowledge, there has been limited reports of this form of congenital abnormality in the literature and is referred to as “perineal groove.” The incidence of perineal groove is unclear but it is considered to be rare. This case reviews the embryological origin of this congenital abnormality. Clin. Anat. 22:823–825, 2009.© 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.     

Anterior skull base olfactory tumours,which is what? A case report and review

Intracranial schwannomas not originating from cranial nerves are rare. In this paper, we report a case of a 50-year-old male who presented with worsening headaches, diplopia and nausea over two years. Radiological imaging revealed a large tumour arising from the olfactory groove region with a preoperative diagnosis of olfactory groove meningioma (OGM). Intraoperatively, the tumour originated from the region of the attachment of the falx to the crista galli. The patient recovered without complication and histopathology reported an unexpected diagnosis of WHO Grade 1 schwannoma. However, as olfactory groove schwannomas (OGSs) cannot be distinguished from olfactory ensheathing cell tumours (OECTs), it is possible that the tumour could have been either an OGS or an OECT. Distinguishing between OGSs, OECTs and OGMs preoperatively is difficult. OGMs exhibit distinct histopathological features from OGSs/OECTs, however, OGSs and OECTs currently cannot be distinguished from each other. Here, we review the literature to discuss the differentiating features and cellular origins of these three tumours.     

人类白细胞抗原晶体模型及其在疾病研究中的应用

人类白细胞抗原(HLA)是人类基因组中多态性最高的基因复合体.其编码产物HLA分子具有抗原提呈功能,在机体免疫应答中起到重要作用.大量研究表明,HLA分子与许多自身免疫性疾病和病毒感染性疾病密切相关.深入研究HLA分子与疾病相关性的内在机制将会为人类攻克这些顽疾带来希望.     

超声引导、神经刺激器与传统盲探臂丛神经阻滞应用于肥胖患者效果对比研究

目的 比较超声引导、神经刺激器与传统盲探法3种不同臂丛神经阻滞方法应用于肥胖患者效果及安全性。 方法 行上肢手术患者90例,根据入院顺序编号按照随机数字法分为3组,每组30例,均行肌间沟臂丛神经阻滞。传统盲探组通过异感判断针刺部位行神经阻滞,神经刺激器组于神经刺激仪引导下行臂丛神经阻滞,超声引导组于超声引导下行臂丛神经阻滞,均给予0.375%盐酸罗哌卡因25 ml。比较3组麻醉效果及副作用发生率。 结果 3组神经阻滞操作时间比较,差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）;超声引导组感觉阻滞起效时间短于传统盲探组、神经刺激器组,且超声引导组感觉阻滞持续时间均长于传统盲探组、神经刺激器组（P〈0.05）。超声引导组手术区域麻醉效果优良率100.0%（30例）,均高于传统盲探组76.7%（23例）及神经刺激器组83.3%（25例）（P〈0.05）。超声引导组并发症发生1例（3.3%）,均低于传统盲探组8例（26.7%）及神经刺激器组4例（13.3%）（P〈0.05）。 结论 超声引导下行肌间沟臂丛神经阻滞感觉阻滞起效时间短,维持时间长,麻醉效果更优,且并发症发生率低,临床应更为安全。     

牙周引导组织再生术治疗畸形根面沟致重度牙周和根尖周病变1例报告

对1例畸形根面沟引起的重度牙周和根尖周病变患者,先将患牙作完善的根管充填,然后在腭侧翻瓣,清创处理,直视下将裂沟冠向1/2备洞,3M玻璃离子黏固粉永久充填,最后用不可吸收性聚四氟乙烯膜(e-PTFE)覆盖全部骨缺损区,缝合。4周后将该膜去除。经3a随访观察,牙龈未发生红肿、溢脓等症状,叩诊(-),牙不松动,X线片示根周及根尖区有明显的新生牙槽骨形成。     

嗅沟脑膜瘤的影像特征及鉴别诊断

目的：探讨嗅沟脑膜瘤的影像学表现与病理组织学之间的相关关系及其鉴别诊断。方法：对11例经手术及病理证实为嗅沟脑膜瘤的患者进行回顾性分析。男5例,女6例,年龄29～59岁,平均48岁。行CT检查3例,MRI检查8例,均为增强扫描。分析CT、MRI影像特征,并与手术、病理结果对照。结果：瘤灶起源于颅前窝嗅沟,多数密度或信号均匀,边界清楚,均匀增强;少数不均匀增强,大部分病例出现脑膜尾征,少数伴钙化、坏死、囊变。邻近颅骨受累时引起骨质增生或受侵。结论：起源于嗅沟的脑膜瘤均具有典型的影像学表现特征。嗅沟骨质及其脑膜影像改变的显示,对瘤灶起源具有重要的定位、定性诊断价值。MRI优于CT,但CT对钙化和骨质改变显示优于MRI。