急性脑肿胀去大骨瓣减压术后迟发性血肿

目的探讨外伤后急性脑肿胀去大骨瓣减压术后迟发性血肿的发病机制及临床表现，以提高该类病人的手术疗效。方法回顾性分析28例急性脑肿胀去大骨瓣减压术后迟发性颅内血肿病人的临床表现。结果外伤后急性脑肿胀去大骨瓣术后迟发性血肿的发生率为19．56％，术区继发硬膜外血肿10．87％。死亡率为32．12％。结论急性脑肿胀去大骨瓣术后迟发性血肿的发生率较高，多见于脑肿胀缓解病例，对术中出现的急性脑膨出和术后病情恶化应考虑到迟发性血肿的可能，早期的诊断是提高疗效的关键。     

外伤后迟发性颅内血肿临床分析

目的　探讨外伤后迟发性颅内血肿的发病原因、诊断、治疗和预防措施。方法　回顾分析 2 4例外伤后迟发性颅内血肿的临床资料。结果　 2 1例治愈 ,其中 15例完全康复 ,6例有不同程度的神经功能障碍 ,死亡 3例。结论　年龄因素、受伤部位、凝血功能异常、过量脱水和减压是出现外伤后迟发性颅内血肿的诱发因素 ;伤后 72h内为发病高峰 ,绝大多数发生于伤后 36h内 ;伤后早期严密观察病情变化、动态复查头颅CT是确诊关键     

电针刺激对外伤性脊髓损伤患者功能独立性评定影响的临床研究

目的:通过观察电针刺激疗法对外伤性脊髓损伤患者的生活独立功能的影响,为脊髓损伤患者寻求一条有效的康复治疗途径。方法:62例外伤性脊髓损伤患者被随机分成治疗组32例,接受电针刺激加运动治疗、作业治疗;对照组30例,接受单纯性运动治疗、作业治疗。在治疗前后进行功能独立性评定。结果:治疗组与对照组的功能独立性积分均明显高于治疗前(P<0.01),而治疗组治疗后的分值97.78±19.55明显高于对照组的分值87.53±16.67(P<0.05)。同样,治疗组的住院效率明显高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论:电针刺激加运动与作业治疗的综合康复手段能明显改善外伤性脊髓损伤患者的生活独立能力,且能科学地提高住院效率。     

自制九味丸治疗外伤性白内障临床研究

目的探讨中药治疗外伤性白内障的临床效果。方法自制中药九味丸治疗轻中度外伤性白内障80例,并设置麝珠明目眼液对照组,分别观察三个疗程的治疗效果。结果轻中度外伤性白内障经三个疗程的治疗后,部分混浊晶体变为透明,视力提高明显,九味丸疗效明显优于麝珠明目眼液组。结论中药九味丸对轻中度外伤性白内障具有明显的治疗效果。     

手术治疗外伤性大面积脑梗死14例

目的:探讨外伤性大面积脑梗死的手术治疗方法及疗效。方法:对14例外伤性大面积脑梗死的手术时机、术式、疗效进行分析。其中5例外减压;9例行内、外减压。结果:14例患者全部存活,功能均有不同程度恢复。结论:减压术是治疗外伤性大面积脑梗死的重要救命措施,但要把握手术时机和术式,术前强力脱水后瞳孔回缩的患者预后良好     

活血化瘀药物治疗外伤性前房出血的探讨

目的:观察活血化瘀药物治疗外伤性前房出血的临床疗效。方法:将136例外伤性前房出血患者回顾分析并分两组进行对照治疗,对照组用单纯西医治疗,治疗组用西医治疗并活血化瘀药物治疗。结果:治疗组有效率为96.8% ,对照组为87.0% ,两组比较差异有显著性,P<0.05。活血化瘀药物有迅速止血,改善血循环,促进毛细血管代谢功能的恢复,减少并发症,迅速恢复视力很有功效。结论:活血化瘀药物可能成为治疗3、4级前房出血的理想药物     

颅脑损伤合并胸腹部损伤的诊疗分析

目的 探讨颅脑损伤合并胸、腹部损伤的诊断和治疗。方法回顾性分析1996-2004年我院收治的颅脑损伤合并胸、腹部损伤患76例。结果76例患中恢复良好44例(57．9％)，中残5例(6．6％)，重残2例(2．6％)，植物生存状态1例(1．3％)。死亡24例(31．6％)。结论诊治胸、腹部创伤的同时，应重视颅脑外伤的早期诊断，并应根据伤情的主次选择术中及术后的治疗方案。     

Traumatic growth and psychological resilience status of female victims of violence inpatients in a district psychiatric hospital

The aim of this study was to examine the traumatic mental growth and psychological resilience status of females who were receiving inpatient treatment at a district mental health hospital and had a history of being subjected to violence. One hundred-twenty female patients with a history of exposure to violence participated in the study. An introductory information form, the Traumatic Growth Inventory (TGI) and the Psychological Resilience Scale for Adults (PRSA) were used for data collection. This study found that all the participants were subjected to emotional violence, 65.8% to physical violence, 30.8% to sexual violence, and 94.2% to verbal violence at some point in their lives. Their TGI mean score (60.96?±?11.91) was above average, while their PRSA mean score (97.90?±?9.18) was below average. The participants' mean scores on the TGI and PRSA did not vary significantly by the type of violence (p?>?0.05) to which the women were exposed. Moreover, no statistically significant relationship was found between the TGI and the PRSA total scale and subscale mean scores (p?>?0.05). This study found that the posttraumatic growth of females who had a history of physical or emotional or sexual abuse was positive, and that their psychological resilience levels were inadequate.     

Informing the design of clinical decision support services for evaluation of children with minor blunt head trauma in the emergency department: A sociotechnical analysis

Integration of clinical decision support services (CDSS) into electronic health records (EHRs) may be integral to widespread dissemination and use of clinical prediction rules in the emergency department (ED). However, the best way to design such services to maximize their usefulness in such a complex setting is poorly understood. We conducted a multi-site cross-sectional qualitative study whose aim was to describe the sociotechnical environment in the ED to inform the design of a CDSS intervention to implement the Pediatric Emergency Care Applied Research Network (PECARN) clinical prediction rules for children with minor blunt head trauma. Informed by a sociotechnical model consisting of eight dimensions, we conducted focus groups, individual interviews and workflow observations in 11 EDs, of which 5 were located in academic medical centers and 6 were in community hospitals. A total of 126 ED clinicians, information technology specialists, and administrators participated. We clustered data into 19 categories of sociotechnical factors through a process of thematic analysis and subsequently organized the categories into a sociotechnical matrix consisting of three high-level sociotechnical dimensions (workflow and communication, organizational factors, human factors) and three themes (interdisciplinary assessment processes, clinical practices related to prediction rules, EHR as a decision support tool). Design challenges that emerged from the analysis included the need to use structured data fields to support data capture and re-use while maintaining efficient care processes, supporting interdisciplinary communication, and facilitating family-clinician interaction for decision-making.     

创伤性膈肌破裂86例诊治体会

目的探讨创伤性膈肌破裂的早期诊断和治疗方法。方法对收治的86例创伤性膈肌破裂患者的临床资料进行回顾性分析。结果 86例创伤性膈肌破裂患者中治愈80例,死亡6例。结论对创伤性膈肌破裂患者必须早期诊断,及时手术。