组织特异性胞嘧啶脱氨酶和5-氟胞嘧啶热化疗对裸鼠结肠癌肝脏转移的影响

Objective To investigate the effects of tissue specific cytosine deaminase/5-fluorocytosine (CD/5-FC) thermotherapy on hepatic metastasis of colonic carcinoma in nude mice. Methods Forty-five nude mice were randomly divided into control group, 5-FC group and 5-FC thermotherapy group according to the random number table (15 mice in each group). Mice models of hepatic metastasis of colonic carcinoma were established by portal vein injection of LoVo/CEACD cells. The hepatic metastasis rate and number of metastatic nodules of the 3 groups were compared by ehi-square test and one-way ANOVA. The pathological changes in tumor tissues and apoptotic index of tumor cells were observed. The expression of the CD gene in tumor tissues was detected by fluorescent quantitative RT-PCR and Western blot. Results The number of metastatic nodules and liver metas-tasis rate were 4.6±1.3 and 100.0% in control group, 2.2±1.0 and 60.0% in 5-FC group, 0.5±0.8 and 13.3% in 5-FC thermotherapy group, with statistical difference among the 3 groups (F=25.898, χ2=5.208, 19.548, 5.168, P<0.05). The mean apoptotic indexes of tumor cells of the 3 groups were 4.6%, 9.9% and 17.4%, respectively. Vacuolar degeneration, cell necrosis, cytolysis and apoptotic bodies were mostly observed in the 5-FC thermotherapy group. The expression of CD gene in tumor tissue was detected in all the groups. Conclusion Tissue specific CD/5-FC thermotherapy has inhibitory effects on the hepatic metastasis of LoVo cells transfected with CD gene.     

Reduced serotonin-1A receptor binding in social anxiety disorder.

BACKGROUND: Results from studies in serotonin-1A (5-HT1A) knockout mice and previous positron emission tomography (PET) studies in humans imply a role for 5-HT1A receptors in normal state anxiety as well as in certain anxiety disorders. The objective of this study was to investigate 5-HT1A receptor binding potential (BP) in social anxiety disorder (SAD). METHODS: Using PET and [carbonyl-11C]WAY-100635, we compared a homogeneous group of 12 unmedicated, male SAD patients with 18 healthy control subjects (HC). A multivariate ANOVA with all regional BP values as dependent variables, age and four radiochemical variables as covariates was performed. RESULTS: We found a significantly lower 5-HT1A BP in several limbic and paralimbic areas but not in the hippocampus (p = .234) of SAD patients. The difference in 5-HT1A binding was most significant in the amygdala (-21.4%; p = .003). There was also a more than 20% lower 5-HT(1A) BP of SAD patients in the anterior cingulate cortex (p = .004), insula (p = .003), and dorsal raphe nuclei (p = .030). CONCLUSIONS: The lower 5-HT1A binding in the amygdala and mesiofrontal areas of SAD patients is consistent with 1) preclinical findings of elevated anxiety in 5-HT1A knockout mice, 2) a previous PET study in healthy volunteers showing an inverse correlation between 5-HT1A BP and state anxiety, and 3) another human PET study in patients with panic disorder showing reduced 5-HT1A binding, thus corroborating the potential validity of 5-HT1A receptors as targets in the treatment of human anxiety disorders.     

平阳霉素对HeLa细胞的大分子生物合成及超微结构的影响

作者用同位数前体参入法及透射与扫描电镜研究了平阳霉素(博莱霉素A_5)对HeLa细胞大分子生物合成及超微结构的影响。结果显示:平阳霉素能抑制HeLa细胞DNA,RNA和蛋白质的生物合成,对DNA的抑制作用强,ID_(50DNA)为42.77μg/ml。表现为:染色质减少,核内电子密度低,核仁分离及“核仁帽”形成,细胞表面微绒毛消失或变形,最终导致质膜破裂等。作者认为,细胞膜是否为此类药物作用的靶位值得进一步研究。     

Discrimination of idiopathic pain syndromes from neurogenic pain syndromes and healthy volunteers by means of clinical rating,personality traits,monoamine metabolites in CSF,serum cortisol,platelet MAO and urinary melatonin

Summary The aim of the present study was to investigate the discriminative power of a series of variables (including determination of depressive symptomatology by means of a visual analogue scale, determination of personality traits by means of the Karolinska Scales of Personality, determination of monoamine metabolites in CSF, platelet MAO activities, serum cortisol before and after dexamethasone suppression and urinary melatonin) in differentiating (a) chronic pain patients from healthy subjects, and (b) patients with idiopathic pain syndromes from patients with neurogenic pain syndromes. Separately each of the measures gave a significant but often low contribution to the discrimination, while a combination of several measures gave a complete discrimination both between healthy subjects and patients with chronic pain syndromes and between patients with idiopathic and neurogenic pain syndromes, respectively.Supported in part by grants from the Swedish Medical Research Council (grants no. 3371, 4145 and 5740) and by a grant from Stiftelsen Söderström-Königska Sjukhemmet     

Growth cones and axon trajectories of a sensory pathway in the amphibian spinal cord

Central axons of sensory ganglion (SG) neurons of the Xenopus tail enter the spinal cord via the ventral roots and travel dorsally and rostrally following a diagonal course within the lateral marginal zone (LMZ) to reach the dorsolateral fasciculus (DLF) (Nordlander et al.: Brain Res., 440:391-395, 1988). Axons are dispersed as they cross the cord. At the DLF they turn and travel together rostrally, sharing the fascicle with axons of primary sensory neurons (Rohon-Beard cells) already present in the tract. In this paper we analyze the growth patterns of the central projections of SG axons in the tail by using HRP applied to proximal branches of tail spinal nerves. Growth cones of the diagonal route are variable in configuration, often bearing processes that spread within the LMZ. Once the DLF, growth cones change shape, becoming distinctly linear. While growth cones navigating the diagonal part of the route never contact or fasciculate with other diagonal SG axons, SG growth cones and axons of the DLF are more closely associated with their fellows. Measurements of the slopes of SG axons in the diagonal route indicated a limited range with a mean of 23 degrees with respect to the cord axis. On the basis of these observations, we conclude that 1) navigational patterns for growth cones of this pathway differ for the diagonal versus the DLF part of its course, and 2) fasciculation is not a mechanism used by SG axons to reach the DLF, but that instead, each axon is able to find its way independently.     

Determination of serotonin and 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid in guinea pig and human prostate using HPLC

The finding of significant numbers of endocrine-paracrine (EP) cells in the prostate glands of guinea pigs and man suggests that these cells may be important in the regulation or modulation of prostatic function. Serotonin is a biogenic amine common to most prostatic EP cells. In order to extend current knowledge relating to these cells, an assay was developed using high-performance liquid chromatography to quantitate serotonin and its metabolite 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5-HIAA) in guinea pig and human prostatic tissue extracts. Levels of serotonin and 5-HIAA in the guinea pig whole-gland preparation were 105.4 +/- 70.6 ng/g and 48.4 +/- 95.7 ng/g, respectively. Normal human prostatic tissue contained 1423.9 +/- 750.8 ng/g serotonin and 66.7 +/- 92.8 ng/g 5-HIAA. Recoveries ranged between 60 and 100%. The detection limits were 24 pg/injection for serotonin and 12 pg/injection for 5-HIAA. This assay provides an expeditious, specific and highly sensitive method for the simultaneous determination of monoamines in guinea pig and human prostatic tissue.     

Pathogenesis of congenital pyrimidine 5′ -nucleotidase | deficiency: A study on relationship among erythrocyte morphology, enzyme protein content and activity

Objective: To further explore the mechanism of congenital pyrimidine 5'-nucleotidase I deficiency. Methods; The samples were collected from the family members of a patient with P5'N- I deficiency. The enzyme activities were measured by UMP method and the enzyme proteins were quantified by ELISA while the morphology of peripheral blood cells was observed. Results: The enzyme contents reduced as their enzyme activities decreased in the family especially in four members. There was a significant positive correlation(r =0. 955) between the activity and the content of P 5'N- I . The count of the stippling cell was varied in the family. Conclusion.- One of the reasons for congenital P5' N- I deficiency might be the deficiency in the enzyme content. The morphology of peripheral blood erythrocyte may be an assistant diagnotic index. The P5'N- I activities and contents were measured simultaneously may be a effective method in clinic diagnosis.     

胃肠癌化疗患者实施临床路径的可行性探讨

目的 探讨针对肿瘤化学治疗所呈现的周期性规律，探索胃肠癌患者在化疗期间实施临床路径流程的可行性。方法 选择有病理诊断的晚期胃肠癌患者140例，随机分成实验组和对照组各70例，实验组实施临床路径流程，对照组实施传统流程，比较两组住院天数、医疗费用、医疗质量及患者满意度。结果 实验组患者的住院天数明显缩短(P＜0．05)，医疗费用明显降低(P＜0．05)，医疗质量及患者满意度均有较大幅度的提高(P＜0．05)。结论 胃肠癌患者化疗期间实施临床路径流程切实可行。     

Th2细胞因子调节哮喘炎症细胞转运机制的研究

目的 探讨Th2细胞因子IL-5、IL-13调节哮喘炎症过程中肺和骨髓之间的细胞转运机制。方法 建立哮喘动物模型,获取肺泡灌洗液,检测IL-5、IFN-γ,浓度并进行病理分析;应用原位杂交技术检测肺组织IL-5、IL-13 mRNA表达和骨髓IL-5mRNA表达;免疫组化法观察肺、骨髓IL-5免疫反应细胞;流式细胞仪检测骨髓CD34、CD3阳性细胞。结果 哮喘组肺泡灌洗液IL-5浓度明显高于对照组(P<0.001);哮喘组肺组织病理改变显示小气道痉挛,管壁周围炎性细胞浸润,以嗜酸粒细胞、淋巴细胞为主;哮喘组肺组织IL-5、IL-13 mRNA表达较对照组显著增加(P<0.01);哮喘组骨髓IL-5 mRNA阳性细胞明显增加(P<0.001),与肺组织IL-5 mRNA表达的增高密切相关(P<0.05);此外,哮喘组肺组织和骨髓IL-5免疫反应细胞显著增加(P<0.01),骨髓CD34、CD3细胞均显著增高(P<0.01),并且CD34增高与骨髓细胞表达IL-5 mRNA密切相关(P<0.05)。结论IL-5可能在转录和转录后水平均参与调节骨髓嗜酸粒细胞的功能和炎症细胞在肺和骨髓之间的转运。     

17β-雌二醇对子宫内膜异位症患者在位子宫内膜间质细胞β-catenin mRNA和蛋白表达的影响

目的研究17β-雌二醇(17β-E2)对子宫内膜异位症(内异症)患者在位子宫内膜间质细胞β-catenin mRNA和蛋白表达的影响,探讨Wnt/β-catenin信号通路在介导雌激素促进内异症发生发展的作用。方法体外分离培养内异症患者在位子宫内膜间质细胞。用不同浓度17β-E2处理子宫内膜间质细胞48 h;此后选用10-10mol/L 17β-E2处理子宫内膜间质细胞12、24和48 h,逆转录聚合酶链反应(RT-PCR)和免疫印迹法(Western blotting)检测17β-E2处理前后子宫内膜间质细胞β-catenin mRNA和蛋白的表达水平。同法分析雌激素受体拮抗剂ICI182,780(10-6mol/L)对17β-E2促进β-catenin mRNA和蛋白表达的影响。免疫组织化学染色观察17β-E2作用后β-catenin在子宫内膜间质细胞中的定位。结果17β-E2能明显促进内异症患者在位子宫内膜间质细胞β-catenin mRNA和蛋白的表达,并呈剂量和时间依赖性,于10-10mol/L作用48 h最明显。雌激素受体拮抗剂ICI182,780能明显抑制17β-E2对子宫内膜间质细胞β-catenin mRNA和蛋白的表达。免疫组织化学染色发现17β-E2能促进β-catenin在子宫内膜间质细胞核内的表达。结论雌激素可能通过激活Wnt/β-catenin信号通路促进内异症在位子宫内膜的异位种植。