Pharmacognostic Studies on Chinese Crude Drugs"Dunyebixie"(盾叶萆薢)and "Xibixie"(细萆薢)

盾叶萆和细萆皆来源于薯蓣属萆植物的根茎，它们形态相似，为研究它们的生药学特征并鉴别之，通过宏观性状况察、显微镜微观结构探索及扫描电镜超微结构研究，结果发现该两药材的宏观、微观和超微结构既有单子叶植物的共同特征，也有单子叶植物不常具有的特征。两药材的上述生药学特征大多相似，但也有些差异，利用这些差异可对两药材进行鉴别。     

Uterine relaxant effects of Curcuma aeruginosa Roxb. rhizome extracts

The effects and plausible mechanism of action of Curcuma aeruginosa Roxb. (Zingiberaceae) rhizome chloroform and methanol extracts on the uterine contraction were investigated using isolated uterus strips from estrogen primed rats. The contractile responses were recorded isometrically with a Grass FT03 force transducer connected to a MacLab system. The experiments were carried out on both nonstimulated, agonist- and KCl-stimulated uteri. In the nonstimulated uterus, the two extracts (10–400 μg/ml) had no significant effect. In contrast, in the stimulated uterus, the chloroform and methanol extracts exerted concentration-dependent inhibition of the contractions induced by oxytocin (1 mU/ml), prostaglandin F_2α (PGF_2α, 0.5 μg/ml), ACh (3 × 10⁻⁶ M) and KCl (40 mM) with the IC₅₀ (inhibition of force) of 31.4, 58.59, 56.21 and 29.28 μg/ml; and 57.79, 69.3, 223.8 and 69.19 μg/ml, respectively. Verapamil, the reference L-type calcium channel blocker, exhibited a similar pattern of inhibition with the IC₅₀ of 0.03, 0.25, 0.35 and 0.04 μg/ml. The IC₅₀ of diclofenac against a PGF_2α-induced contraction was 31.36 μg/ml. It is known that the contraction induced by agonists and KCl is mainly due to calcium influx through the voltage-gated L-type calcium channels opened indirectly or directly by agonist–receptor activation and KCl. Thus, it is speculated that the two plant extracts might inhibit uterine contraction by interrupting the influx of Ca²⁺ probably through voltage-gated L-type calcium channels. This possibility was further substantiated by the ability of the extracts to shift the CaCl₂–contraction curves to the right. As the methanol extract also reduced the contraction of oxytocin in Ca²⁺-free EDTA solution; thus, it is suggested that part of its action may be involved with an intracellular mechanism. The effect of the two extracts did not involve the activation of β₂-adrenoceptors since their effects were unaffected by propranolol. Based on the inhibitory effect of the extracts on the oxytocin-induced contraction, it is concluded that the extracts might be useful as tocolytic agents for the prevention of preterm labor. Their effects on the inhibition of PGF_2α-induced contractions also seem useful for the treatment of dysmenorrhea. There are reports by others that the plant rhizome contains β-pinene and sesquiterpenes. In addition, there is evidence that these compounds possess spasmolytic effects in the rat intestine and uterus. Therefore, the uterine relaxant effect of the plant extracts could be due to β-pinene and some sesquiterpene lactones contents. The methanol extract is less potent than the chloroform extract, and this might be due to the lower amount of terpene compounds or different compounds may involve in this action.     

川芎油自乳化释药系统体外评价

目的：探讨川芎油自乳化释药系统(VOC SEDDS)体外评价方法。方法：通过研究VOC SEDDS自乳化效率、成乳后乳剂性质和体外溶出行为对VOC SEDDS进行体外评价。结果：优选出的自乳化处方5 min内已基本乳化完全,乳化后乳滴的平均粒径为102 nm左右,ζ电位均在-30 mV左右,离心稳定性良好；成乳后得到O/W型乳剂；处方重现性高；以藁本内酯为指标,体外溶出结果表明30 min内药物的体外溶出可达80％；光照和高温条件下稳定性良好。结论：VOC SEDDS自乳化能力强,稳定性好,体外溶出率高。     

白术挥发油β-环糊精包合物的工艺研究

目的探索白术挥发油以β-环糊精包合的最佳工艺条件。方法以包合率和包合物产率为筛选指标，以挥发油与β-环糊精的配比、包合时间和包合温度为考察因素，采用正交试验对白术挥发油β-环糊精包合物的制备工艺进行优选。结果最佳工艺条件是挥发油与β-环糊精的配比为1：4，包合时间30min，包合温度30℃。结论优选出的工艺包合率和包合物产率均较高，工艺合理、可行。     

黑膏药疮疡膏工艺及质量标准研究

目的研究黑膏药疮疡膏的生产工艺及质量标准。方法采用薄层色谱对疮疡膏中大黄、白芷、川芎、当归、血竭进行定性鉴别,用软化点测定仪对软化点进行测定。结果改进疮疡膏的生产工艺,薄层色谱均检出大黄、白芷、川芎、当归、血竭特征斑点;软化点为60~70℃。结论实验对疮疡膏的质量分析提供了较全面的研究。工艺研究对血竭投料作了改进,建立的薄层色谱方法专属性强,重复性良好,可作为疮疡膏质量控制的质量标准。     

我国姜黄属植物的研究——Ⅱ.五种姜黄属药用植物根茎挥发油化学成分的比较

用GC,GC-MS和TLC分析了国产5种姜黄属植物(姜黄,温郁金,莪术,桂莪术和川郁金)根茎挥发油的化学成分。在OV-17柱上分离出30多个色谱峰,鉴定了24种成分,其中4种(柠檬烯,α-松油烯,芳樟醇和丁香烯)以前未见报道。不同姜黄属植物有许多相同成分,但也有很高含量的不同成分,例如川郁金中的桉叶素,莪术中的莪术酮,姜黄中的姜黄酮和芳姜黄酮。因此根据5种挥发油中主要成分的差别,列出了区分姜黄属品种的表。     

川芎应用心悟

川芎为常用药,作者在长期临床实践中,对其配伍,引经及药效开拓方面多有领悟,很多疑难杂症中有时仅添一味川芎却可顿起拨云见日之功。     

慢性肺源性心脏病96例诊治探索

慢性肺源性心脏病为临床上呼吸系统的一种常见病.川芎嗪注射液可使肺动脉高压明显下降;心功能改善;能明显抑制肺动脉胶原纤维的沉积;调节一氧化氮和内皮素的合成;降低血黏度;抑制血小板聚集;提高临床疗效.     

Pharmacognostic Studies on Chinese Crude Drugs"Dunyebixie"(盾叶萆薢)and "Xibixie"(细萆薢)

盾叶萆和细萆皆来源于薯蓣属萆植物的根茎，它们形态相似，为研究它们的生药学特征并鉴别之，通过宏观性状况察、显微镜微观结构探索及扫描电镜超微结构研究，结果发现该两药材的宏观、微观和超微结构既有单子叶植物的共同特征，也有单子叶植物不常具有的特征。两药材的上述生药学特征大多相似，但也有些差异，利用这些差异可对两药材进行鉴别。     

基于熵权TOPSIS模型和灰色关联度分析的土茯苓质量评价

目的 用熵权TOPSIS模型和灰色关联度法,探究2种颜色规格土茯苓的多元指标质量差异。方法 采用UHPLC测定32批土茯苓落新妇苷的含量,并测定水分、醇浸出物和水浸出物的含量,借助熵权法、灰色关联度法以及熵权结合灰色关联度法构建质量指标的综合评价模型。测定饮片的色度值,并计算与指标含量的相关性。结果 3种评价方法的排序结果基本一致,红棕色土茯苓的质量高于类白色土茯苓。色度相关性研究表明,样品颜色越深,质量较好。结论 所建立的方法结合2种评价模型的特点,可为土茯苓品质研究提供一定的研究基础。