《圣济总录》“虚劳门”医论考

通过对《圣济总录》"虚劳门"医论的考证,发现《圣济总录》"虚劳门"的医论主要来源于《内经》《难经》《诸病源候论》《千金要方》《外台秘要》《太平圣惠方》等文献,然而《圣济总录》又绝非直接的照搬,而是更多地融入了北宋医学对疾病的最新认识,如对疾病发生机制的清晰分析,对疾病临床症状的详细描述,特别是按照寒热虚实辨证分型,使疾病的证型更加复杂等,充分体现了北宋时期医学理论的进步。     

Cardiovascular safety of NSAIDs: Additional insights after PRECISION and point of view

Increasing numbers of patients with arthritis use nonsteroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), some for long periods. The relative cardiovascular safety of NSAID use is of considerable concern, particularly among patients with or at risk of cardiovascular disease. Until recently, the evidence base was limited to older trials with small sample sizes. The large‐scale Prospective Randomized Evaluation of Celecoxib Integrated Safety vs Ibuprofen or Naproxen (PRECISION) trial and a recent Bayesian meta‐analysis of individual patient data in nearly a half‐million patients were undertaken to address some of the existing gaps in knowledge relative to the cardiovascular safety of NSAID use. We reviewed the results, strengths, and limitations of PRECISION. We believe that the results of the meta‐analysis will further assist clinicians in decision‐making for management of patients with osteoarthritis. The totality of evidence would support avoidance of NSAID use, if possible, in patients with or at high risk for cardiovascular disease. If used, the shortest‐duration and lowest effective NSAID doses should be chosen, given the evidence that risk is duration‐ and dose‐dependent. We also provide a brief discussion of the mechanism of action of NSAIDs, along with discussion of existing guidelines and the recent meta‐analysis.     

Global laboratory systems development: needs and approaches

Functional laboratory systems are a key component of country health care systems. Laboratory strengthening in resource-limited countries has been supported by disease-specific vertical programs that have focused on laboratory methods, procedures, and supplies for a country program, and providing training in performing tests. A health systems focus requires attention to regulations, management of national systems, national approaches to quality assurance, and education of laboratory scientists. An immediate focus of resources on the components required for a functioning system and continued technical support will enable countries to assume responsibility for their country-specific needs and improve their capability to address international responsibilities.     

清代京师普济堂考

普济堂始创于1706年,具有济贫和医药抚恤功能,并因此得到清代皇帝的支持。作为清代医药抚恤机构的代表,普济堂从一个民间医药抚恤机构逐渐发展成为一个全国性的,具有政府背景的医药抚恤机构,也从一个民间慈善机构逐渐转变为政府机构。由于清朝国力的衰减以及自身所存在的一些问题,普济堂在1907年最终由社会医药抚恤机构转变为劳动教养机构。     

Strengthening national laboratory health systems in the Caribbean region

Abstract

The President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief (PEPFAR) programme for the Caribbean Region was established in 2008 to address health system challenges, including fragile laboratory services and systems. The laboratory component of this programme consisted of several phases: assessment of laboratory needs of all 12 countries engaged in the programme; addressing gaps identified during the assessment; and monitoring and evaluation of the progress achieved. After one year of PEPFAR collaboration with national governments and other partners, laboratory services and systems greatly improved. Some of the milestones include: (1) the accreditation of a public laboratory; (2) improved access to HIV diagnosis with faster turnaround time; (3) establishment of capacity for platforms for DNA PCR, viral load and HIV drug resistance; (4) development of the laboratory workforce; and (5) establishment of a framework for implementation of sustainable quality management systems for laboratory accreditation. The progress recorded in strengthening laboratory health systems after one year of initiating this collaboration shows that with a rigorous initial assessment, programme design and intervention and strategic partnership, national laboratory health systems can be greatly enhanced to support programme implementation. Continued collaboration and country leadership is critical to create an integrated and sustainable laboratory network in the Caribbean.     

《普济方》摄生抗衰老经验探讨

《普济方》摄生经验的特点 ,主要是博采抗衰老之各家学说 ,强调葆精养心 ;同时擅治老年疾病 ,以期却疾延年 ;并且重视食养疗法 ,详备膏酒粥茶各种药膳。通过上述方法 ,汇集了颇多的葆精延寿良方 ,建立了独具特色的葆精养生体系 ,对后代医家产生了较大的影响 ,至今这些治法和方药 ,仍有效指导摄生保健。     

HPLC测定泰诺儿童退热液中对乙酰氨基酚的含量

目的：建立泰诺儿童退热液中对乙酰氨基酚的高效液相色谱测定方法,方法：采用ODS－C18柱,甲醇一水（20：80）为流动相,检测波长258nm 流速为1．0ml/min,结果：对乙酰氨基酚线性范围为20－160ug/ml,平均回收率为100．2％,RSD为0．8％（n=5),结论：方法简便,结果准确,可用于本制剂的量,测定和质量控制。     

略论患者知情同意权的侵权责任法救济

知情同意权是保障患者人格受尊重,行使自主决定权的重要方式,本质上应该属于人格权的范畴,在我国法律没有明确确认其为独立的人格权之前,不妨将其作为一般人格权进行保护。患者知情同意权本质上不仅仅是一种人格权还属于人权的范畴。侵害知情同意权的侵权责任本质上属于一般侵权责任,其归责原则并无特殊性。侵害知情同意权的侵权责任的构成要件有：违法行为,损害事实,违法行为和损害之间的因果关系,过错。     

药品不良反应损害救济制度探讨

药品不良反应是在正常使用合格药品时产生的有害或意外反应。药品发生不良反应会给患者及其家庭带来严重的伤害,受害者理应得到补偿救济。而我国现行法律对药品不良反应损害的规定缺位。我国应及早建立和完善药品不良反应救济机制,实行药品不良反应救济基金制度。