Mixed germ cell tumor of the pineal gland in a pediatric patient

Tumors of the pineal region are a rare clinical entity, comprising approximately 3%-8% of pediatric tumors. Based on their histopathological features, they are typically classified as pineal parenchymal tumors and germ cell tumors, with the latter being more prevalent. Clinical presentation is heterogeneous, with symptoms arising either due to tumor invasion or compression of adjacent neurovascular structures and increased intracranial pressure. Imaging studies are paramount in evaluating pineal region lesions and establishing an accurate diagnosis, with MRI representing the gold standard. Herein, we present the case of a 16-year-old boy presented with recurrent headaches. A head MRI revealed a pineal gland lesion. Histopathological examination confirmed the diagnosis, and the patient underwent a successful gross total resection (GTR) of the tumor. This case report seeks to draw attention to the elusive clinical presentation and management of this infrequently encountered tumor, as well as emphasize the importance of considering pineal gland tumors in the differential diagnosis of recurrent, chronic headaches in pediatric patients.     

PBL教学法在肿瘤放射治疗教学中的价值

目的 探析以问题为基础（PBL）教学法在肿瘤放射治疗教学中的应用价值。方法 选取2019年8月—2021年8月期间在我院肿瘤放射治疗科参加教学200名的实习生作为研究对象,按计算机分组法将以上人员随机分为试验组和对照组,每组100名,对照组实施传统教学,试验组实施PBL教学,对比两组人员经不同方式教学后的理论考核成绩、技能操作成绩,统计其教学结果的优良率,并对所有参与本次教学调查的实习生进行满意度调查。结果 试验组在PBL教学法下的理论成绩略低于对照组,经对比差异无统计学意义（P> 0.05）;该组人员的技能操作考核成绩高于对照组、教学结果优良率92.00%(92/100)高于对照组82.00%(82/100)、教学满意率95.00%(95/100)高于对照组80.00%(80/100),以上数据经对比差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论 将PBL教学法用于肿瘤放射治疗科的临床教学中可在保证实习生掌握扎实理论知识基础上更好的提升其临床实践能力,此教学方法对保证实习生的教学结果、提高其对的教学方法的满意率均有着重要价值。     

乳腺癌患者HER2和BRCA1表达与放疗敏感性的关系研究

背景与目的:乳腺癌是全球最常见的女性恶性肿瘤,且发病率仍在不断上升.乳腺癌的术后放疗可有效地改善局部控制率和长期生存率,放疗已成为乳腺癌治疗的主要技术.如何进一步减少患者正常组织的不良反应、提高放疗效果成为研究热点.探讨人表皮生长因子受体2(human epidermal growth factor receptor ...     

Dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans of the scalp

Dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans is a rare entity. Due to its high propensity for local recurrence, knowledge of the appropriate management, both surgical and medical, is important for optimal patient outcomes.     

高压氧对迟发性放射损伤的作用

放射疗法是一种对肿瘤和周围正常组织均有显著作用的物理疗法,在放疗的同时,不可避免地会损伤正常组织导致放射损伤,特别是迟发性放射损伤,这将严重影响患者的生存质量。随着时间的推移迟发性放射损伤会发展得更加严重,甚至致死,因此限制了临床治疗时的放射剂量,目前这一问题并未得到解决。笔者主要就高压氧治疗对迟发性放射损伤的影响作一综述。     

Radiation exposure from head computed tomography scans in pediatric trauma

Background

We have previously reported that children receive significantly less radiation exposure after abdominal and/or pelvis computed tomography (CT) scanning for acute appendicitis when performed at our children's hospital (CH) rather than at outside hospitals (OH). In this study, we compare the amount of radiation children receive from head CTs for trauma done at OH versus those at our CH.

Methods

A retrospective chart review was performed on all children transferred to our hospital after receiving a head CT for trauma at an OH between July 2012 and December 2012. These children were then blindly case matched based on date, age, and gender to children at our CH.

Results

There were 50 children who underwent head CT scans for trauma at 28 OH. There were 21 females and 29 males in each group. Average age was 7.01 ± 0.5 y at the OH and 7.14 ± 6.07 at our CH (P = 0.92). Average weight was 30.81 ± 4.69 kg at the OH and 32.69 ± 27.21 kg at our CH (P = 0.81). Radiation measures included dose length product (671.21 ± 22.6 mGycm at OH versus 786.28 ± 246.3 mGycm at CH, P = 0.11) and CT dose index (53.4 ± 2.26 mGy at OH versus 49.2 ± 12.94 mGy at CH, P = 0.56).

Conclusions

There is no significant difference between radiation exposure secondary to head CTs for traumatic injuries performed at OH and those at a dedicated CH.     

NCCN老年肿瘤临床指引(2005.1版)

1 目录 NCCN老年肿瘤专家组成员（附后） 筛选、评估和结果（SAO—1） 特别需要考虑的问题（SAO-2） 特定年龄组患者的期望寿命的上、中、下四分位数分布情况（SAO—A）     

Low-Dose Abdominal CT for Evaluating Suspected Appendicitis in Adolescents and Young Adults: Review of Evidence

Due to its excellent diagnostic performance, CT is the mainstay of diagnostic test in adults with suspected acute appendicitis in many countries. Although debatable, extensive epidemiological studies have suggested that CT radiation is carcinogenic, at least in children and adolescents. Setting aside the debate over the carcinogenic risk of CT radiation, the value of judicious use of CT radiation cannot be overstated for the diagnosis of appendicitis, considering that appendicitis is a very common disease, and that the vast majority of patients with suspected acute appendicitis are adolescents and young adults with average life expectancies. Given the accumulated evidence justifying the use of low-dose CT (LDCT) of only 2 mSv, there is no reasonable basis to insist on using radiation dose of multi-purpose abdominal CT for the diagnosis of appendicitis, particularly in adolescents and young adults. Published data strongly suggest that LDCT is comparable to conventional dose CT in terms of clinical outcomes and diagnostic performance. In this narrative review, we will discuss such evidence for reducing CT radiation in adolescents and young adults with suspected appendicitis.     

钪—46内污染复合小剂量X射线全身外照射后 小白鼠骨髓有核细胞染色体畸变与剂量关系的研究

本文定量描述了钪—46内污染复合小剂量X射线全身外照射24h以后,小白鼠骨髓有核细胞染色体畸变与剂量的关系。结果表明,内外复合照射以后,染色体畸变率低于单纯内、外照射畸变率之和,但高于其中单一照射的畸变率,直线回归方程为y_6=7.9511+0.00099D_3,即呈正相关。染色体畸变率随时间变化规律为三项指数函数模式y(t)=2.9078exp~(0.27668t)+2.3786exp~(-0.017788t)+2.3786exp~(-0.1788t),1≤t≤30。经适宜性验证,各公式所得理论值的90％机率分布在实际测得值中。     

Les antiangiogéniques : limites actuelles en oncologie thoracique

Antiangiogenic agents appear as major therapeutic options in renal, colorectal and breast cancer. Their part in thoracic oncology is still limited today except for bevacizumab. We review the current limits of antiangiogenic agents in terms of efficacy, activity, tolerance and therapeutic strategies. Problems about predictive biomarkers and cost-effectiveness of antiangiogenic agents in thoracic oncology are also mentioned.