Evaluación del impacto de la sintomatología urinaria en la calidad de vida de los pacientes con síndrome de vejiga dolorosa/dolor pélvico crónico y cistitis rádica: estudio EURCIS

ObjectivesTo evaluate the impact of urinary symptoms of Painful Bladder/Pelvic Pain Syndrome and Radiation Cystitis (PBCPPS) on the Quality of Life, and self-esteem of the patient.Material and methodsAn observational, multicenter, epidemiological and cross-sectional study was performed on patients with Painful Bladder/Chronic Pelvic Pain Syndrome and Radiation Cystitis. Data was recorded on severity of urinary symptoms and QoL impairment using the PUF Score. The patients evaluated the QoL deterioration grade through the King's Health Questionnaire (KHQ), and the level of their anxiety and self-esteem with the Goldberg's Anxiety Scale (GAS) and Rosenberg's Self-Esteem Scale (RSES), respectively. Post-hoc comparisons were performed between the results of the KHQ of this study and a sample of patients with urinary incontinence (UI). Results on RSES were analyzed with data from the general population and from patients with erectile dysfunction.ResultsA total of 530 cases, mostly female patients, who had been diagnosed with PBCPPS, were analyzed. High levels of deterioration in QoL were described: KHQ scores were significantly higher when compared with patients with UI (P < .01). Involvement of self-esteem was higher in patients with RC and men, who obtained scores similar to those of patients with erectile dysfunction.ConclusionsPatients with Painful Bladder Syndrome/Chronic Pelvic Pain Syndrome and Radiation Cystitis present high levels of anxiety, and significant reductions in both quality of life and self-esteem. Especially for men, this affectation is similar to that caused by erectile dysfunction.     

Assessing compressibility and compactibility of powder formulations with Near-Infrared Spectroscopy

Context: The compressibility and compatibility of a powder formulation is usually determined by compaction and following destructive tensile strength and relative density measurement of the final compact.

Objective: In this study, a non-destructive method with Near-Infrared Spectroscopy (NIRS) was designed and evaluated for the measurement of powder compressibility and compactibility.

Materials and Methods: 12 different formulations with a wide range of difference in properties were investigated by compaction and analysis of the resulting tablets. Two similar tablet batches were produced with every formulation. Relative density and tensile strength were measured with the traditional, destructive method on one tablet batch while a newly developed non-destructive chemometric NIRS method was applied for the second batch. The outcomes of the two approaches were compared to validate the developed method. All data sets were applied to three established mathematical equations to calculate equation factors, which are claimed to represent the formulation compressibility and compactibility. The study focus was set on the equation factor value comparison between the traditional and the newly designed method.

Results & Discussion: The results showed a high similarity between the outcomes of the two methods. An essential difference was noticed for the outcomes of the equation factors after application to the Leuenberger equation.

Conclusion: The approach with the NIRS is suggested as a promising tool for a reliable inline quality monitoring in the tablet manufacturing process.     

Gastrointestinal radiation injury:Symptoms,risk factors and mechanisms

Ionising radiation therapy is a common treatment modality for different types of cancer and its use is expected to increase with advances in screening and early detection of cancer.Radiation injury to the gastrointestinal tract is important factor working against better utility of this important therapeutic modality.Cancer survivors can suffer a wide variety of acute and chronic symptoms following radiotherapy,which significantly reduces their quality of life as well as adding an extra burden to the cost of health care.The accurate diagnosis and treatment of intestinal radiation injury often represents a clinical challenge to practicing physicians in both gastroenterology and oncology.Despite the growing recognition of the problem and some advances in understanding the cellular and molecular mechanisms of radiation injury,relatively little is known about the pathophysiology of gastrointestinal radiation injury or any possible susceptibility factors that could aggravate its severity.The aims of this review are to examine the various clinical manifestations of post-radiation gastrointestinal symptoms,to discuss possible patient and treatment factors implicated in normal gastrointestinal tissue radiosensitivity and to outline different mechanisms of intestinal tissue injury.     

Plasma and saliva concentrations for a new formulation of erythromycin stearate

Summary

Erythromycin saliva and plasma concentrations were determined in 10 subjects after the first and fourth doses of a new formulation of erythromycin stearate (‘Erythrocin’), 500?mg 8-hourly, taken immediately before food. Consistent absorption occurred and the steady state plasma levels compared favourably with the minimal inhibitory concentrations of erythromycin for common respiratory pathogens. There was a significant positive correlation between steady state saliva and plasma levels.     

碘 131 治疗期间辐射防护方法的研究进展

〔摘 要〕 同位素治疗手段及医学显像技术在医疗科技中发挥着越来越重要的作用，在这一趋势之下，放射性治疗 药物在临床中效果更加明显，同时其应用也变得越来越广泛。但同时还需要意识到，放射性治疗药物的应用，本质上 对于患者及医护工作人员都会产生一定的影响，也就是辐射影响。碘 131 主要在一些甲状腺疾病的治疗中进行应用， 其具备明显的靶向性治疗优势和价值，并且碘 131 还可以用于标记多种化合物，在临床中的肝、胆、肾等器官疾病的 诊断过程中均有运用，为了碘 131 在治疗中的价值和作用得到全面发挥，就需要注重辐射防护方法的应用。本研究针 对碘 131 治疗期间辐射防护方法的研究进展进行了系统研究和分析，目的在于提升碘 131 治疗效果和辐射防护效果。     

Effect of 1α-Hydroxyvitamin D3 on Cancellous Bone Matrix: An Experimental Study on Adult Rats

Two groups of adult male rats were treated perorally for 6 weeks with 0.1 μg and 1.0 μg of 1a-hydroxyvitamin D₃ (la-OH-D₃), respectively. The effect of the treatment on cancellous bone matrix was studied by chemical analysis and morphometric measurements. The effect of the 1.0 μg dose on the inorganic composition, and on the calcification of the cancellous bone matrix, was significantly more pronounced, decreasing the amount of glycosaminoglycans. The lower dose level, 0.1 μg of la-OH-D₃, increased the collagen metabolism, whereas the higher dose level did not. The amount of cancellous bone determined morphometrically increased significantly during treatment with both dose levels. 1a-OH-D₃, converted in the organism to the hormonal form 1.25 (OH)₂D₃, induces new bone formation, probably by direct influence on the cancellous bone tissue itself.