侧隐窝穿刺体表定点及注药试验的探讨

目的改进侧隐窝穿刺的体表定点，筛选胶原酶注射的适应证，提高疗效。方法按文献所述体表定点法定点后，以小铅块固定于该点，俯卧位拍X线片，观察该点与骨性标志的重合程度，然后适当调整。69例患者采用该方法，穿刺成功后，先注入镇痛液观察3～5日，症状改善者注入胶原酶。结果拍片见体表定点与骨性标志的重合程度差距最大者23mm。调整后穿刺全部成功，注入镇痛液3～5日后，优效5例中症状消失，3例无需注射胶原酶，半年后未复发，差效6例不宜注射胶原酶。余60例注射胶原酶后，优27例，良22例，可9例，差2例。注射镇痛液差者6例中之2例注入胶原酶，结果亦为差。结论用小铅块标志俯卧位拍片的方法，能提高侧隐窝穿刺成功率；先注射镇痛液观察症状变化，对注射胶原酶有筛选和指导作用。     

闪光针尖在超声引导穿刺中的初步应用研究

本文介绍了一种新型闪光针尖针具,用此针具对95例患者进行穿刺,同时用普通针穿刺74两患者作为对照组,研究针尖显示情况。结果表明:闪光针尖(FNT)显示率为98.9%(94/95),普通针尖(CNT)显示率为62.2%(63/74)。两者差别极显著(P<0.01)。且使用前者穿刺成功率明显提高(P<0.05)。FNT克服了CNT显示不良之缺点。     

门脉局部注入DDPH治疗大鼠肝硬化门脉高压的实验研究

目的 研究l—(2，6—二甲基苯氧基)—2—(3，4—二甲氧基苯乙氨基)丙烷盐酸盐(DDPH)对实验性大鼠肝硬化门脉高压症的治疗作用，探讨合适的药物及给药途径。方法 在CCl4诱发的大鼠肝硬化门脉高压模型上，分别经下腔静脉或门静脉注入哌唑嗪(PRZ)，维拉帕米(VER)和DDPH，测量门静脉压(PVP)、下腔静脉压(ICVP)、平均动脉压(MAP)和心率(HR)，比较两种给药途径对门脉和全身血流动力学影响的特点，并观察DDPH对肝纤维化的防治作用。结果 门脉注入DDPH使PVP、MAP下降，并呈剂量依赖性，PRZ随剂量增加降PVP、MAP作用呈逐渐减弱的趋势，VER降PVP、MAP作用最弱，减慢HR作用最强。DDPH门脉给药后PVP下降，50min时仍无明显恢复，其它2种药物停止注药后PVP开始恢复，50min时降压作用基本消失；3种药物门脉给药降PVP作用明显强于下腔静脉给药，降MAP作用则明显弱于后者，对HR影响均较小；DDPH可以减轻CCl4对肝细胞的损害和肝纤维化的程度。结论 DDPH是理想的治疗肝硬化门脉高压症的扩血管药物，门脉是扩血管药物治疗门脉高压症的理想途径。     

经上颌窦穿刺冲洗注药治疗慢性上颌窦炎疗效观察

目的 为慢性上颌窦炎患者的临床保守治疗提供经济、有效的治疗方法。方法 经鼻腔镜检、鼻窦(上颌窦)X线摄影、CT扫描、上颌窦穿刺确诊病例，随机分为传统保守治疗组(A组，即滴药法)和穿刺组(B组，病变侧上颌窦穿刺冲洗注药法)。分别治疗6个月后作疗效对比。结果 保守治疗组的有效率为74．39％，穿刺组的治疗有效率为85．88％，两者疗效比较有极显著性差异(尸P＜0．01)。结论 经上颌窦穿刺冲洗注药治疗慢性上颌窦炎(单纯型)有较好的疗效。     

物流系统构建过程中的网络规划

在信息网络时代，物流系统中的网络规划是物流系统构建过程中最为重要的环节，是产品从采购到最终销售的整体渠道和组织结构。可在选取物流系统网络规划的数据、模型的基础上，探讨物流系统网络规划的步骤，提出物流网络结点的空间规划，确定仓库类型的选择和仓库数量，以及仓库内部的合理化布局，选择最优运输线路。     

微创血肿清除术治疗颅内血肿的临床应用

目的　分析微创血肿清创术治疗颅内血肿的方法 ,探讨其手术适应症、手术方法、要点及优点。方法　微创血肿清除术 ,即CT定位 ,经皮颅内血肿穿刺 ,血肿腔内注入液化剂技术清除血肿。结果　治疗 32例 ,死亡 2例 ,存活出院 30例。结论　该技术具有损伤轻微 ,不加重神经功能损伤 ,疗效明显 ,费用低 ,操作简便 ,易为患者及家属接受等优点。     

Accuracy of ultrasound-guided puncture of the ventricular system

Objects Puncture of the ventricular system as one of the most frequently performed operative procedures in neurosurgery is usually done in a freehand way without guiding devices. The objective of this study is to examine whether ultrasonic guidance is able to heighten the accuracy of ventricular tapping. Methods Real-time imaging via a single burr hole approach is achieved by aid of a bajonet-like shaped transducer with a footprint of 8x8 mm only (EUP-NS32, Hitachi Medical Systems). The needle is advanced towards the frontal horn along a displayed guideline. 51 punctures in 48 patients were performed with ultrasonic guidance and compared to 85 punctures in 67 patients without a guiding device. Conclusion The presented ultrasound method was not able to heighten the access rate of ventricular tapping, but it improved correct positioning of the catheter tip inside the frontal horn of the ventricular system significantly.     

Comparison of transvaginal and transabdominal ultrasound for monitoring follicular development in an in-vitro fertilization programme

Although nowadays most oocyte retrievals for in-vitro fertilization (IVF) are performed using a transvaginal, ultrasound-directed technique, monitoring of follicular development is still often performed via the abdominal route. On the bases of 106 sonographies carried out on 71 patients during ovulation monitoring within an IVF programme, we demonstrated that the number of follicles visualized endovaginally was significantly higher than that visualized by the abdominal route: n = 1124 versus n = 772 respectively, and that their size was significantly greater using the transvaginal approach: 20.8 mm versus 18.8 mm respectively, for the largest follicle. Consequently, if ovulation monitoring is carried out transvaginally, the follicular size criteria on which human chorionic gonadotrophin is administered must be reconsidered.