CT引导下经皮肝穿刺微波治疗原发性肝癌后肝动脉造影表现

目的:探讨原发性肝癌微波治疗后的DSA表现及临床意义。方法:本组共12例原发性肝癌,均为单发病灶,肿瘤直径3.0～6.5cm(平均4.4cm),经皮肝穿刺微波治疗术后1～3个月内行肝总动脉及可疑区域供血动脉超选择性血管造影,同时对残留及复发灶进行栓塞治疗。结果:术后造影表现为微波治疗的肿瘤区多为无血管区,呈圆形或类圆形无染色或低密度染色区;治疗边缘区可见以下几种征象:肉芽形成(7例)、出血(3例)、边缘残留或复发(7例)和无异常造影征象(2例)。肝内异位复发灶(7例)造影表现同其原发肿瘤常见造影表现。本组12例造影发现原位边缘复发和/或肝内异位复发灶8例并全部完成栓塞治疗。结论:微波治疗区域的边缘征象的发现和鉴别是判断局部残留及复发的关键,DSA在疗效的观察及进一步综合治疗中有较高的临床价值。     

p16基因和增殖细胞核抗原在胃癌组织中的表达与关系

目的　观察胃癌组织中 p16基因的表达和增殖细胞核抗原 (PCNA)染色强度指数间的关系及临床意义。方法　采用LSAB免疫组织化学法。结果　在 34例原发性胃癌组织中 ,p16基因阳性表达率4 7 0 6 % (16 / 34) ,PCNA染色指数平均为 5 9 2 8± 3 4 8,p16基因阳性率和PCNA染色指数在组织学分级Ⅰ级中明显低于组织学分级Ⅲ级 (均P <0 0 5 ) ;在无淋巴结转移者中明显低于有淋巴结转移者 (分别为P <0 0 5 ,P <0 0 1)。结论　胃癌组织中 p16基因的表达和PCNA染色指数与胃癌的发生、发展密切相关 ,可以客观反映胃癌的组织分化状态、肿瘤进展及转移潜力     

中-重度不典型增生喉癌癌前病变的治疗探讨

目的提高对中-重度不典型增生喉癌癌前病变的认识,选择恰当的方法治疗中-重度不典型增生喉癌癌前病变。方法选取经病理证实的29例喉中-重度不典型增生癌前病变患者,其中26例采用喉内镜下声带黏膜剥脱术治疗,3例采用喉裂开下喉部分切除术治疗。所有患者术后均随访3年以上,若出现恶变者则至恶变时为此研究随访结束时间。结果 17例一次性治愈;2例复发,采用喉裂开下喉部分切除术治愈;10例癌变,此患者之后按肿瘤分期分别行开放性手术。结论病理为中-重度不典型增生的喉癌癌前病变恶变率高,采用支撑喉镜下声带黏膜剥脱术治疗喉癌癌前病变仍有较高的治愈率,但术后必须严格随诊。     

磁共振颅表定位网用于颅内小病灶术前定位26例临床分析

目的：观察和分析磁共振颅表定位网对颅内小病灶进行术前定位的治疗效果方法：应用磁共振颅表定位网定位技术,对26例颅内小占位病灶进行术前定位,然后进行小骨瓣开颅手术,将颅内小病灶显微镜下全切。结果：26例患者经过定位网定位后,准确而微创地切除了病灶,而且诊治过程顺利,无严重并发症发生。结论：磁共振颅表定位网具有定位准确、安全等优点,是重要的神经外科微创诊疗技术。     

Primary endometrial squamous cell carcinoma

Primary squamous cell carcinoma of the endometrium (PESCC) is rare and its pathogenesis is unclear. Identification of PESCC and its differentiation from endometrial involvement by squamous cell carcinoma is essential for correct patient management and is based on strict pathological criteria. We present a case of a 71-year-old patient satisfying the proposed diagnostic criteria for PESCC together with a review of the literature.     

Preconception care—when and what: the attitude of Israeli gynaecologists to preconception counseling

Objectives Preconception care is a form of preventive care and its implementation might improve general women’s health as well as improving pregnancy outcome. Our aim was to survey the attitudes of Israeli gynecologists regarding preconception counseling. Methods E mailed questionnaires were sent to gynecologists in an Israeli gynecology network. The questionnaire included two identical sets of questions; one was regarding the care of reproductive aged women who visit their gynecologist for various reasons and the second was regarding the care of women in their first prenatal visit. Answers were scored (from 3-always to 0-never), summed and compared using Chi-square and paired t tests. Results Mean score for the preconception set was significantly lower than the prenatal set 11.3 (62.7%) versus 16.9 (93.7%) respectively, P < 0.001. Folic acid supplementation and genetic screening tests were recommended to most women in 99 and 94% of first prenatal care visit compared to only 42 and 62% of women who were not pregnant (P < 0.001). Conclusions Gynecologists fail to recognize proper opportunities for preconception care. Increased awareness and concrete guidelines concerning timing and content of preconception counseling might be helpful.     

47例术中超声应用体会

目的:交流在现有条件下基层医院术中超声的应用体会。方法:回顾分析2003年1月至2007年4月47例术中超声的应用情况。结果:术中超声在外科手术中提供比术前B超、CT更详尽的影像学信息及决策依据,从而提高手术疗效。结论:基层医院应该充分利用现有条件,开展术中超声,提高技术水平。     

银川地区人乳头状瘤病毒基因型与宫颈病变的关系

目的了解不同程度宫颈病变患者感染人乳头瘤病毒(HPV)基因型分布的特征,探讨不同HPV型的致癌性。方法采用凯普医用核酸分子快速导流杂交基因芯片技术(Hybrinax)对2 884例银川地区女性进行生殖道21种HPV感染分型筛查,其中798例经阴道镜下多点活检,病理诊断分为宫颈炎症500例、CIN I 97例、CIN II 81例、CIN III 76例、宫颈癌44例,分析HPV感染基因型与宫颈病变程度的关系。结果 2 884例女性中HPV感染阳性率37.14%,宫颈病变中HPV感染阳性率89.22%,其中CIN I组阳性率为90.78%,CIN II组阳性率96.30%,CIN III组阳性率97.37%,宫颈癌组阳性率100%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);CIN病变常见基因型为HPV16、58、18、52、31、33、35型,宫颈癌组中常见基因型依次为HPV16、18、58型,HPV16型在所有宫颈病变中均居首位。结论宫颈癌组中主要感染的HPV基因型符合中国人群研究结果,同时也有地域差异;HPV16、18、58型的致癌性较强,感染可增加宫颈癌的发生率。