Occupational Therapy Level II Fieldwork Impact on Clinicians: A Preliminary Time Study

The aim of this preliminary study was to quantify the amount of time clinicians spend at work with and without a student and identify predictors of time spent at work with a student. A quasi-experimental design evaluated 22 occupational therapists that supervised a student. The occupational therapists completed a time log for 3 months without a student and 3 months while supervising a student. A statistically significant difference in overall time spent at work while supervising a student compared to when not supervising a student was found. Clinicians spent an average additional 25 minutes at work per day when supervising a student. Clinician years of experience and time spent without a student were found to be predictive of the time spent at work with a student. The additional time spent at work when supervising a level II fieldwork student should be considered along with all of the documented benefits of supervising a student by potential fieldwork educators.     

Solvent neurotoxicity in vehicle collision repair workers in New Zealand

ObjectivesTo assess whether solvent use and workplace practices in the vehicle collision repair industry are associated with symptoms of neurotoxicity in spray painters and panel beaters (auto body repair workers).MethodsNeurobehavioural symptoms were assessed using a cross-sectional study design in 370 vehicle collision repair and 211 reference workers using the EUROQUEST questionnaire. Full-shift airborne solvent levels were measured in a subset (n = 92) of collision repair workers.ResultsSolvent exposures were higher in spray painters than in panel beaters, but levels were below current international exposure standards. Collision repair workers were more likely to report symptoms of neurotoxicity than reference workers with ORs of 2.0, 2.4 and 6.4 (all p < 0.05) for reporting ≥5, ≥10 and ≥15 symptoms respectively. This trend was generally strongest for panel beaters (ORs of 2.1, 3.3 and 8.2 for ≥5, ≥10 and ≥15 symptoms respectively). Associations with specific symptom domains showed increased risks for neurological (OR 4.2), psychosomatic (OR 3.2), mood (OR 2.1), memory (OR 2.9) and memory and concentration symptoms combined (OR 2.4; all p < 0.05). Workers who had worked for 10–19 years or 20+ years in the collision repair industry reported consistently more symptoms than those who had only worked less than 10 years even after adjusting for age. However, those who worked more than 20 years generally reported fewer symptoms than those who worked 10–19 years, suggesting a possible healthy worker survivor bias.ConclusionsDespite low airborne solvent exposures, vehicle collision repair spray painters and panel beaters continue to be at risk of symptoms of neurotoxicity.     

职业卫生技术服务机构专业人员职称评定工作的思考

针对职业卫生技术服务机构专业人员职称评定工作不清晰、政策不确定的问题,在现有专业技术职称评审相关规定指引下,梳理并提出了职业卫生技术服务机构专业人员职称晋升的两种通道,便于专业人员准确合理地进行职业规划。     

TO THE EDITOR

No abstract available for this article.     

利用“师生共建科研团队”模式提高医学信息学学生的职业素养

探讨了师生共建科研团队的内涵、实施模式以及取得的成效,指出该模式是培养医学信息技术高素质创新人才的有效途径之一。     

Verbesserter Schutz vor blutübertragbaren Erregern – Umsetzung der europäischen Nadelstichrichtlinie in deutsches Recht abgeschlossen

Needlestick injuries are common in healthcare workers. Due to European directive 32/2010/EU all member states had to implement new rules on the prevention of needlestick injuries. Setting into law the new technical rule on biohazards in the healthcare sector (TRBA 250) end of march based on the German order on biosafety (Biostoffverordnung) the implementation in Germany is complete: Today the use of safety devices is mandatory for nearly all risky procedures, healthcare workers are sheltered best from the risk of needlesticks now.     

中国西部地区医生的职业倦怠与工作家庭冲突的相关研究

目的 探讨中国西部地区医生的职业倦怠及其与社会支持、工作家庭冲突的关系.方法 采用职业倦怠量表中国版(CMBI)、社会支持以及工作影响家庭和家庭影响工作问卷对611名西部地区的医生进行了调查研究.结果 中国西部地区的医生中,14.1％处于情感衰竭状态,49.4％处于人格解体状态,33.1％感到成就感降低；27.3％的医生轻度倦怠,43.7％中度倦怠,3.3％高度倦怠.工作5～10年和工作11 ～20年的医生情感衰竭较为严重；本科和硕士学历的医生人格解体最严重；高级和中级职称的医生人格解体水平较高；二级医院医生人格解体程度最高,三级医院医生的成就感最高.Logistic回归分析提示社会支持对职业倦怠有保护作用,家庭工作冲突则为危险因素.结论 中国西部地区医生职业倦怠现状较为严重,工作与家庭之间的平衡和良好的社会支持有助于缓解医生的职业倦怠.     

Absence of Proinflammatory Cytokine Gene Expression in Nasal Biopsies from Wood Surface-coating Industry Workers

Symptoms of nasal, pharyngeal and ocular discomfort have been reported among workers in the wood surface-coating industry. Symptoms were reported more often by workers using ultraviolet radiation-curable acrylate coatings (UV coatings), which contain potential chemical sensitizers, than by those using acid-curing coatings. Furthermore, increased levels of eosinophil cationic protein (ECP) and albumin, but not tryptase, in nasal lavage from workers exposed to UV coatings have been observed. To further examine whether air contaminants present in the UV-coating industry are causing the observed increase in symptoms, the inflammatory process in the nasal mucosa of workers exposed to UV coatings was investigated. Clinical and biochemical endpoints were selected to distinguish between specific and non-specific hypersensitivity and to test the hypothesis that the symptoms were consistent with Type IV hypersensitivity. The nasal lavage and nasal biopsy were performed under local anesthetic at the workplace during working hours after a minimum of 2 h of work in both the exposed and control groups. Albumin and ECP, and the cytokines tumor necrosis factor- &#102 (TNF- &#102 ) and interleukin-8 (IL-8), were used as inflammatory markers. A multi-probe ribonuclease protection assay was used to attempt to detect cytokine variation in human nasal biopsies. The cytokine genes analyzed were TNF- &#102 , GM-CSF, interferon- &#110 , IL-2, IL-4 and IL-5. L32 and GAPDH were used as control genes for mRNA expression levels. Mucosal inflammation symptoms correlated with increased levels of albumin, but not with increased levels of ECP, secreted proinflammatory cytokines or cytokine gene mRNA expression. We conclude that the symptoms are non-specific and do not correlate with occupational exposure to UV coatings under the conditions of this investigation.     

信息动态

文化差异问题 交流 护士:哦,是不能吃的. 患者:中午刚睡着,病室里来了一位新患者,被吵醒了. 护士:有午睡习惯的人被吵醒后,一个下午都会感觉没精打采的. 患者:早餐我一般都喝麦片粥,孩子们答应每天煲好送来.可是门卫又不让进的…… 护士:是的,住院后会影响很多原有的生活习惯.上了年纪的人是会感到很不适应的. 患者:所以我想住回家去等待手术. 护士:手术前我们将对您的身体健康状况进行一次全面的检查,每天都有一些工作要做.如果同意你回去等待手术,那您就得每天来回奔波.天气又这么冷,万一感冒了那就要耽误手术了.     

Self-reported exposure to severe events on the labour ward among Swedish midwives and obstetricians: A cross-sectional retrospective study

BackgroundThe process of delivery entails potentially traumatic events in which the mother or child becomes injured or dies. Midwives and obstetricians are sometimes responsible for these events and can be negatively affected by them as well as by the resulting investigation or complaints procedure (clinical negligence).ObjectiveTo assess the self-reported exposure rate of severe events among midwives and obstetricians on the delivery ward and the cumulative risk by professional years and subsequent investigations and complaints.DesignCross-sectional survey.ParticipantsMembers of the Swedish Association of Midwives (SFB) and the Swedish Society of Obstetrics and Gynaecology (SFOG).MethodsA questionnaire covering demographic characteristics, experiences of self-reported severe events on the delivery ward, and complaints of medical negligence was developed. Potential consequences of the complaint was not reported. A severe event was defined as: 1) the death of an infant due to delivery-related causes during childbirth or while on the neonatal ward; 2) an infant being severely asphyxiated or injured at delivery; 3) maternal death; 4) very severe or life threatening maternal morbidity; or 5) other stressful events during delivery, such as exposure to violence or aggression.ResultsThe response rate was 39.9% (n = 1459) for midwives and 47.1% (n = 706) for obstetricians. Eighty-four percent of the obstetricians and almost 71% of responding midwives had experienced one or more self-reported severe obstetric event with detrimental consequences for the woman or the new-born. Fourteen percent of the midwives and 22.4% of the obstetricians had faced complaints of medical negligence from the patient or the family of the patient.ConclusionsA considerable proportion of midwives and obstetricians will, in the course of their working life, experience severe obstetric events in which the mother or the new-born is injured or dies. Preparedness for such exposure should be part of the training, as should managerial and peer support for those in need. This could prevent serious consequences for the health care professionals involved and their subsequent careers.