护士压力状况的调查分析

目的：了解当前护士的压力状况，设法调整其工作方式方法，以便最大限度地调动护士的工作积极性和创造性。方法：采用随机抽样的方法对506名护士进行问卷调查.结果：40．5％护士工作压力感较强，有44．9％的压力来源于工作任务繁重，19．6％源于知识不够用和技能不熟练。中级技术职务护士的压力48．7％是源于工作任务繁重，初级技术职务的护士压力21．6％源于知识和技能不适应工作；正在接受继续教育的护士压力感强于未接受教育者（x^2=9.72,P＜0．05）。结论：应适当增加护士编制，调整科室人员配备，为护士继续教育提供条件，以缓解护士压力。     

Reference for the 2011 revision of the International Standards for Neurological Classification of Spinal Cord Injury

The latest revision of the International Standards for the Neurological Classification of Spinal Cord Injury (ISNCSCI) was available in booklet format in June 2011, and is published in this issue of the Journal of Spinal Cord Medicine. The ISNCSCI were initially developed in 1982 to provide guidelines for the consistent classification of the neurological level and extent of the injury to achieve reliable data for clinical care and research studies. This revision was generated from the Standards Committee of the American Spinal Injury Association in collaboration with the International Spinal Cord Society's Education Committee. This article details and explains the updates and serves as a reference for these revisions and clarifications.     

Diagnosis and treatment of vertebral hemangiomas with neurologic deficit: a report of 29 cases and literature review

Background contextVertebral hemangiomas (VHs) are called benign tumors but are actually just vascular malformations. The diagnosis and treatment for aggressive VHs is still controversial, due to their rarity.PurposeTo evaluate the safety and efficiency of the present diagnostic methods and treatment choices.Study designA retrospective study of aggressive VHs with neurologic deficit.Patients sampleA total of 29 consecutive aggressive VH cases were diagnosed and treated in our department since 2001.Outcome measuresWe routinely took anteroposterior and lateral spinal roentgenograms, computed tomography, and magnetic resonance images.MethodsTrocar biopsy is indicated in suspected malignant cases. Radiotherapy was usually our first choice if the neurologic deficit was mild or developed slowly. Surgery was indicated if the neurologic deficit was severe or developed quickly or if the radiotherapy was not effective.ResultsThis series included 12 males and 17 females, and the mean age at diagnosis was 44.0 years (range, 21–72 years). Ten patients had radiculopathy, 1 had cauda equina syndrome, and 18 cases had myelopathy. Twenty-one cases had lesions in the thoracic spine, 5 in the lumbar, and 3 in the cervical region. Eleven cases had untypical image findings, including five cases with pathologic vertebral fracture. The neurologic compression came from only epidural soft tumor mass in 18 cases, whereas it came from both bony compression and soft lesion in the other 11 cases. Ten cases had radiotherapy alone, but two failed and had surgery later. Twenty-one cases had surgery. In the 12 cases having surgical decompression without vertebroplasty, the average estimated blood loss was 1900 mL, and it was 1093 mL for the eight cases having decompression with vertebroplasty. The average follow-up was 51.1 months (range, 24–133 months). There was no recurrence in those cases with radiotherapy, whereas three had local recurrence in those six cases treated by surgical decompression alone without radiotherapy.ConclusionsIn aggressive VHs, epidural soft-tissue compression was usually the main reason for neurologic deficit. In cases with rapid progressive and/or severe myelopathy, posterior decompression and stabilization could be combined with intraoperative vertebroplasty to reduce blood loss.     

后方韧带复合体完整性在胸腰椎骨折中的临床意义

目的 探讨胸腰椎骨折中后方韧带复合体（PLC）完整性的临床意义。方法 回顾性分析自2008-07-2012-12收治的93例胸腰椎骨折,根据临床查体结合影像资料将其分为PLC完整组41例与PLC损伤组52例。结果 与PLC完整组相比,PLC损伤组的Denis分型与AO分型分布有明显区别。PLC损伤组中LCS评分、LSC〉7分比例、TLICS评分、TLICS〉5分比例、除外PLC项目的 TLICS评分、Cobb角度与PLC完整组相比差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）;2组的年龄、性别及椎管占位率之间对比差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。PLC损伤组神经功能ASIA分级较PLC完整组更重。结论 PLC的完整性是评估胸腰椎骨折损伤程度的重要指标,其与骨折的分型、损伤评分、后凸畸形及神经功能损伤等方面密切相关。     

护士长关怀行为指标体系的构建研究

目的构建护士长关怀行为指标体系,为指导护士长正确评估自身关怀能力和行为提供参考。方法通过专家访谈法、文献阅读法初步建立护士长关怀行为指标体系,采用德尔菲法对25名专家进行2轮咨询,再使用层次分析法确定各指标权重。结果 2轮问卷专家积极系数分别为88%、100%;专家权威程度为0. 81; 2轮函询专家意见的协调系数为0. 120～0. 358。通过2轮专家咨询制定的护士长关怀行为指标体系,包括3个一级指标,7个二级指标,36个三级指标。结论所构建的护士长关怀行为指标体系具有较高科学性和可靠性,能够评价护士长关怀行为,为进一步制定一套完整科学的护士长关怀行为测评工具提供参考。     

临床护士叙事护理的知信行现状及其影响因素

目的调查临床护士叙事护理的知信行现状,并分析其影响因素,为临床培训提供参考。方法对423名临床护士采用叙事护理知识、态度、行为问卷进行调查。结果临床护士叙事护理知识得分为(21.12±3.97)分,得分率为70.40%;态度得分(33.83±4.35)分,得分率84.58%;行为得分(28.19±4.67)分,得分率70.48%。多元线性回归分析结果显示,学历是临床护士对叙事护理知识的影响因素,学历与工龄是叙事护理态度的影响因素,工龄与职称是叙事护理行为的影响因素(均P0.01)。结论临床护士对叙事护理的态度较好,知识和行为有待提高。护理管理者需加强临床护士叙事护理相关知识的教育培训,提高其对叙事护理的认知,促进叙事护理在临床有效开展。     

麻醉科护理绩效分配方案的构建及实施

目的评价麻醉科护士绩效分配方案的实施效果。方法以工作量、工作质量、发展和学习4个方面构建护理绩效分配方案,并用于麻醉科护士进行绩效分配,对绩效分配开展前后不同年份的护理质量、护士满意度、医生对麻醉护理满意度等进行比较。结果麻醉科医生、护士对麻醉护理工作满意度逐年提高,护士对绩效分配方案的满意度逐年提高,护理质量检查达标率显著上升(P0.05,P0.01)。结论建立合理的麻醉科护士绩效管理对于提升护士工作积极性、护理质量和工作效率,促进医护合作有重要意义。     

呼吸专科护士慢性呼吸疾病管理现状调查

目的调查呼吸专科护士慢性呼吸疾病管理现状,为提高慢性呼吸疾病的管理水平提供参考。方法依据《中国成人慢性呼吸疾病患者护理管理指南》设计调查问卷,对重庆、四川、贵州、陕西、河北、湖北、海南7省市的205名呼吸专科护士进行问卷调查。结果呼吸专科护士慢性呼吸疾病管理总分为(140.72±23.90)分。慢性呼吸疾病管理得分最低的3个条目有评估工具应用、个性化管理计划的实施、慢阻肺随访的次数及指导哮喘患者使用峰流速仪;呼吸专科护士所在单位慢性呼吸疾病管理平台建设均低于50%。结论呼吸专科护士慢性呼吸疾病管理处于中等偏下水平,评估是慢性呼吸疾病管理的薄弱点。需加强呼吸专科护士专业能力培养,规范慢性呼吸疾病全程管理,强化医院平台建设等,提高慢性呼吸疾病的管理水平。     

依达拉奉右莰醇联合血管介入术在脑梗死中的效果

目的 观察依达拉奉右莰醇联合血管介入术治疗脑梗死的临床效果及对神经功能、认知功能、氧化应激水平的影响。方法 回顾性抽取2020年7月～2021年7月于达州市中西医结合医院行血管介入术治疗、依达拉奉右莰醇联合血管介入术治疗的患者,分别为对照组和观察组各20例。比较两组患者治疗前后神经功能、认知功能、氧化应激水平及生活质量改善情况,并对治疗后总有效率及所有不良反应进行记录。结果 与治疗前比较,两组治疗后美国国立卫生研究院卒中量表(NIHSS)评分、丙二醛(MDA)均明显降低(P<0.001),简易智能量表(MMSE)评分、超氧化合物歧化酶(SOD)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-px)均显著升高(P<0.001);治疗后2周、4周脑卒中专用生活质量量表(SS-QOL)评分均显著升高(P<0.001)。治疗后与对照组相比,观察组NIHSS评分、血清MDA明显低,MMSE评分、SOD、GSH-px显著升高,治疗后2周、4周SS-QOL评分显著升高(P<0.001)。观察组总有效率优于对照组(P<0.05);两组不良反应发生率比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)...     

网约护士参与“互联网+护理服务”意愿及影响因素研究

目的 探讨网约护士参与“互联网+护理服务”意愿及影响因素,为提高网约护士参与“互联网+护理服务”的积极性提供参考。方法 2022年1—2月,采用便利抽样法选取广州市开展“互联网+护理服务”医院的279名网约护士为研究对象,采用一般资料调查表、“互联网+护理服务”意愿影响因素量表和组织支持量表进行调查。结果 网约护士参与“互联网+护理服务”意愿得分(12.39±1.61),控制一般资料(职务、获得从业资格时间、居家护理服务经历)的影响后,发现感知风险、感知价值、便利条件、工具支持是网约护士参与“互联网+护理服务”意愿的影响因素(R²=0.641),可解释参与意愿变异的64.1%。结论 网约护士参与“互联网+护理服务”意愿处于中等偏上水平,为患者提供“互联网+护理服务”的意愿受感知风险、感知价值、便利条件和工具支持的影响。