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21.
D. I. Wallis L. A. Connell Z. Kvaltinova 《Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology》1991,343(4):344-352
Summary Using the hemisected spinal cord of the neonate rat, the effects of altered external Ca, thyrotrophin-releasing hormone (TRH) and a number of antagonists were tested on depolarizations evoked by 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT). Responses of populations of motoneurones were recorded via a ventral root. 5-Hydroxytryptamine depolarizations were not Ca-dependent but were enhanced in amplitude in Ca-free solutions. Raised Mg reversed this enhancement. 5-Hydroxytryptamine depolarizations persisted in the presence of Mn (1.53 mmol/l). TRH depolarized motoneurones; there was no evidence of modulation of 5-HT responses on concurrent application of TRH. Ritanserin (0.1 mol/l) had a modest blocking action on 5-hydroxytryptamine depolarizations reducing the maximum; 1mol/l ritanserin caused a greater antagonism which was unsurmountable (pIC50 5.2). Ritanserin (0.1 or 1 mol/l) did not depress responses to noradrenaline (NA). Ketanserin (0.1 mol/l) caused a blockade of slow onset, equilibrium with the receptors requiring 1 h. Blockade by 0.01, 0.1 and 1 mol/l ketanserin was concentration-dependent (pIC50 6.2). Ketanserin 1 mol/l, but not at lower concentrations, depressed noradrenaline responses. Mianserin (0.1 mol/l) also caused a blockade of slow onset; 0.1 or 1 mol/l produced a flattening of the 5-hydroxytryptamine concentration-response curve but did not depress noradrenaline responses (pIC50 4.7). The pIC50 for spiperone was 8.0. DOI (10–100 mol/l) had no detectable agonist action but at concentrations of 0.01 and 0.1 mol/l it acted as an antagonist. Equilibration with the receptors occurred over 2 h. DOI (0.01 mol/l) depressed 5-hydroxytryptamine but not noradrenaline responses; higher concentrations of DOI also depressed noradrenaline responses. The pharmacological profile of the 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor mediating depolarization of spinal and facial motoneurones suggests that it belongs to the 5-HT1C-5-HT2, group of 5-hydroxytryptamine receptors but is not identical to 5-HT1C or the 5-HT2 CNS binding sites. Alternatively, the response might arise from a mixed population of 5-HT1-like and 5-HT2 receptors.
Send offprint requests to D. I. Wallis at the above address 相似文献
22.
Serum α1-microglobulin and β2-microglobulin for the estimation of fetal glomerular renal function 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
As proteins cannot cross the placenta levels of the microproteins 1-microglobulin (1MG) and 2-microglobulin (2MG) can be used to assess fetal glomerular renal function. 1MG, 2MG and creatinine were routinely determined in cord and maternal blood of 133 newborns [gestational age (GA) 25–42 weeks]. Twenty-nine patients with suspected impaired maternal or fetal renal function were studied separately and two fetuses were studied in utero. The mean fetal 2MG concentration fell from 3.87±0.56 mg/l in the 25–31 weeks GA group to 2.60±0.50 mg/l in the mature newborn group. 1MG concentration fell from 3.10±0.51 to 2.25±0.49 mg/dl. In contrast, the mean maternal 1MG concentration rose from 1.73±0.69 mg/l in the 25–31 weeks GA group to a mean of 1.83±0.48 mg/l in the mature newborn group; 1MG rose from 3.96±0.58 to 4.33±1.6 mg/dl. Maternal and fetal creatinine levels were identical. Fetal microprotein levels fall during intra-uterine development as glomerular filtration rate (GFR) rises. There is no correlation between cord blood and maternal 1MG or 2MG concentrations. In 13 children with urological anomalies only 1 had elevated microprotein levels and he later developed renal insufficiency. Determination of microprotein levels in fetal serum can be used to detect severe renal function disturbances and to estimate GFR independently of maternal renal function. 相似文献
23.
孕母患自身免疫性甲状腺疾病对新生儿出生体重及甲状腺功能的影响 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
目的 探讨孕母患自身免疫性甲状腺疾病对新生儿出生体重及甲状腺功能的影响。方法 通过浙江省新生儿疾病筛查网络系统 ,自 1999年 8月至 2 0 0 2年 6月对 12 2例母亲患有自身免疫性甲状腺疾病的新生儿出生体重、甲状腺功能进行追踪观察。结果 (1)格雷夫斯病母亲的新生儿出生体重为 (32 2 4 4± 330 2 )g ,明显低于健康母亲及慢性淋巴细胞性甲状腺炎母亲的新生儿 ;(2 ) 12 2例新生儿中 ,甲状腺功能正常 97例 ,暂时性促甲状腺激素 (TSH)升高 2 1例 ,先天性甲状腺功能减低症 3例 ,甲状腺功能亢进症 1例 ,与同期健康母亲的新生儿相比有显著差异 (P <0 0 1) ,且 4例甲状腺功能异常的新生儿 ,其母亲妊娠期甲状腺功能均不正常。结论 孕母患自身免疫性甲状腺炎 ,尤为妊娠期甲状腺功能不正常对新生儿出生体重及甲状腺功能影响较大 ,加强对患自身免疫性甲状腺疾病的母亲及其孩子的管理十分重要。 相似文献
24.
25.
Expression of the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors (CKIs) has been linked to the inhibition of cellular proliferation and the induction of differentiation. Based on structure function analysis, two distinct families of CDKIs, the INK4 and the Cip/Kip family have been identified. The INK4 family member p16(Ink4), and the Cip/Kip protein p27(Kip1) have been implicated in normal development of the CNS and cerebellum. Recent studies have suggested a functional inter-dependence between the CKI and the abundance of cyclin D1 in orchestrating growth factor-induced cellular proliferation. The neonatal rat cerebellum undergoes proliferative growth and differentiation, localized to distinct topographical regions and cell types. The cell type and the temporal profile of CKI expression during postnatal cerebellar development had not been described. The current studies determined the specific cerebellar cell types in which the CKIs were expressed during post natal development by co-staining for cell-type specific markers. p16(Ink4a) and p27(Kip1) immunostaining was identified in both neurons and glial cells, increasing progressively between postnatal days 6 to 13 into adulthood. By contrast, neuronal and glial cell p21(Cip1) staining was prominent at days 6-11 and decreased thereafter. Cyclin D1 was expressed in the proliferating external granular cells, with occassional staining in the molecular, and internal granular layers. Dual immunostaining demonstrated cyclin D1 within cells expressing CKI (p16(Ink4a), p21(Cip1),p27(Kip1)). Cerebellar cellular growth arrest, induced by protein-calorie malnutrition, inhibited cyclin D1 protein levels without affecting CKI immunostaining suggesting CKI do not mediate the developmental arrest. These results demonstrate that the CKIs are induced by differentiation cues in specific cell types with distinct kinetics in the developing cerebellum in vivo. 相似文献
26.
目的 :探讨广州地区 13个区县新生儿健康教育适宜方式的需求状况 ,根据需求 ,提供最适宜的健康教育方式。方法 :以定性问卷方式调查 13个区县新生儿健康教育适宜方式的需求状况并统计分析。结果 :各区县对健康教育的总需求为 10 0 % ,但需求的各种健康教育方式有显著性差异。结论 :根据不同的需求 ,提供最适宜的健康教育方式 (各种教材及各种教学方式 ) ,使达到“知、信、行”的 〔1〕目的 ,对促进新生儿筛查工作的开展 ,提高出生人口素质有着积极的作用 相似文献
27.
28.
MR imaging of the neonatal brain at 3 Tesla 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Mary Rutherford Christina Malamateniou Julie Zeka Serena Counsell 《European journal of paediatric neurology》2004,8(6):281-289
3 Telsa MR scanners are now becoming more widely available and 3 Telsa is likely to become the filed strength of choice for clinical imaging of the brain. The neonatal brain can be safely and successfully imaged at 3 Telsa. The improved signal to noise afforded by a higher field strength may be used to improve image quality or shorten acquisition times. This may be exploited for conventional T1 and T2 weighted imaging and also for advanced techniques such as diffusion tensor imaging, angiography and functional magnetic resonance studies. 相似文献
29.
剖宫产术后自控镇痛对母婴的影响 总被引:15,自引:0,他引:15
目的 观察剖宫产术后产妇自控镇痛对母婴的影响。方法 2 0 0 2年 1月至 2 0 0 3年 1月首都医科大学附属复兴医院将剖宫产产妇 2 16例分为观察组和对照组 ,两组均为连续硬膜外麻醉 ,手术结束时 ,观察组将自控镇痛泵接在硬膜外管上。术后分别取产妇肘静脉血、初乳、尿及新生儿尿 ,测定吗啡含量 ;观察镇痛效果及副反应。结果 与对照组比较观察组镇痛效果明显 (P <0 0 5 )。观察组血吗啡质量浓度 5 0~ 12 6 0 μg/L ,初乳吗啡质量浓度 5 0~ 33 6 μg/L ,91 8%的产妇尿吗啡呈阳性 ,12 7%的新生儿尿吗啡呈阳性。随访 1年两组婴儿的体格及发育商比较 ,P >0 0 5。结论 剖宫产术后硬膜外腔应用吗啡镇痛 ,对产妇及新生儿是安全可行的 相似文献
30.
目的探讨血清神经元特异性烯醇化酶(NSE)及脑干听觉诱发电位(BAEP)在评价新生儿高胆红素血症合并脑组织损伤的临床价值。方法根据血清总胆红素含量不同将90例新生儿高胆红素血症患儿分为A、B两组;40例正常足月新生儿为对照组,分别抽取静脉血行NSE测定和BAEP检测。结果高胆红素血症A、B两组的NSE水平、BAEP异常发生率均明显高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);高胆红素血症A、B两组之间比较,NSE水平及BAEP异常发生率差异也有统计学意义(P<0.01),且TSB水平与NSE水平呈正相关;同时,BAEP异常发生率也增高。结论NSE与BAEP在高胆红素所致神经毒性评价方面均具有较高敏感性,可作为临床监测指标。 相似文献