microRNA在肝癌发生和发展中的作用及其机制

肝细胞肝癌(HCC)是我国常见的恶性肿瘤,其发生、发展是多因素、多基因和多步骤的复杂过程[1].miRNA(microRNA)是一类内源性非编码小分子RNA,可经序列特异性翻译抑制或mRNA裂解来调控基因表达,参与细胞发育、增殖、分化、凋亡等,约有1/3以上基因在转录后受其调控[2].新近研究结果表明,多种miRNA通过调节其靶基因参与HCC的细胞生物程序调控,间接发挥癌基因和抑癌基因的功能[3].了解miRNA的调控机制,可为肝细胞恶性转化及HCC的诊治提供理论依据.本文综述了miRNA在肝癌发生、发展中作用与机制的研究进展.     

MiRNA profile in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma: downregulation of miR-143 and miR-145

AIM:To investigate the expression profile of miRNA in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma(ESCC).METHODS:The expression profile of miRNA in ESCC tissues was analyzed by miRNA microarray.The expression levels of miR-143 and miR-145 in 86 ESCC patients were determined by real-time polymerase chain reaction(PCR) using TaqMan assay.The mobility effect was estimated by wound-healing using esophageal carcinoma cells transfected with miRNA expression plasmids.RESULTS:A set of miRNAs was found to be deregulated in th...     

Down-regulation of miR-622 in gastric cancer promotes cellular invasion and tumor metastasis by targeting ING1 gene

AIM:To evaluate the biological and clinical characteristics of miR-622 in gastric cancer. METHODS:We analyzed the expression of miR-622 in 57 pair matched gastric neoplastic and adjacent non-neoplastic tissues by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. Functional analysis of miR-622 expression was assessed in vitro in gastric cancer cell lines with miR-622 precursor and inhibitor. The roles of miR-622 in tumorigenesis and tumor metastasis were analyzed using a stable miR-622 expression plasmid in ...     

非编码RNA与消化系统疾病的关系

近年来随着对微小RNA及小干扰RNA等的深入研究,人们逐渐认识到非编码RNA是一大类重要的基因调控因子,并在许多疾病的诊断、治疗、预后中起独特的作用。本文总结了近年来非编码RNA（ncRNA）在消化系统疾病的研究进展,探讨值得关注的研究方向。     

抗结核药物所致肝损伤患者血浆MiRNA-4284水平及其临床意义探讨*

目的 探讨抗结核药物导致的肝损伤（ATDH）患者血浆微小RNA(miRNA）-4284水平变化及其临床意义。方法 在初治的200例肺结核患者,采用 WHO 推荐的标准6个月短程化学方案抗结核治疗,采用高通量实时荧光定量PCR技术检测血浆miRNA-4284水平。绘制血浆miRNA-4284水平诊断ATDH的ROC曲线,评估其诊断ATDH的效能。结果 经过6个月抗结核治疗后,发生肝功能损伤70例（35.0%）,其中肝细胞型24例,胆汁淤积型20例,混合型26例;ATDH组血浆miRNA-4284水平为（1.9±1.6）,显著高于非ATDH组的 【（0.9±0.6）,P< 0.05】;以血浆miRNA-4284水平=1.15为诊断ATDH的最佳截断点,其曲线下面积为0.71（95%CI：0.43~1.45）,诊断ATDH的敏感度为70.0%,特异度为69.9%,阳性预测值为77.8%,阴性预测值为67.4%,正确性为68.0%;经护肝治疗3个月,70例ATDH患者血清肝功能指标恢复至正常水平,而血浆miRNA-4284水平也降至（0.8±0.5）。结论 ATDH患者血浆miRNA-4284水平显著升高,在诊断ATDH和评估抗痨疗效方面具有一定的临床指导意义。     

Predisposition of six well-characterized microRNAs to syndesmophytes among Chinese patients with ankylosing spondylitis

Objectives: We quantified the expression of six well-characterized microRNAs (miRNAs) in peripheral blood mononuclear cells to see whether they can predispose to syndesmophytes in ankylosing spondylitis (AS) patients.

Methods: This is a cross-sectional study involving 46 AS patients (23/23 with/without syndesmophytes) and 22 healthy controls. miRNAs expression was quantified by real-time PCR.

Results: Six examined miRNAs were comparably expressed between AS patients without syndesmophytes and healthy controls (p?>?.05). Relative to AS patients without syndesmophytes, patients with syndesmophytes had significantly higher levels of miR-29a, miR-335-5p, miR-27a and let-7i (p?=?.001, .002, .013 and .029, respectively). Nine significant contributors associated with syndesmophytes in AS, including smoking, AS duration, human leukocyte antigen B27, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, C-reactive protein, miR-335-5p, miR-27a, miR-218 and sacroiliitis, were identified. The addition of miR-335-5p, miR-27a and miR-218 can significantly improve the accuracy of baseline risk factors. Based on the nine significant contributors, a nomogram was constructed, with good prediction accuracy (C-index: 0.86, p?Conclusion: We provide evidence for the predisposition of miR-335-5p, miR-27a and miR-218 to syndesmophytes in AS patients, indicating a contributory role of miRNAs in the pathogenesis of syndesmophytes. Further validation is warranted.     

微小RNA与眼底疾病

微小RNA (miRNAs)是一类内源性的非编码小分子RNA,广泛存在于真核生物细胞中.miRNAs通过抑制mRNA翻译或降解mRNA的方式下调目的基因的表达水平,被认为是基因转录后表达调控的主要方式,参与调节细胞的增生、分化、死亡等生物学过程.近年来的研究表明,miRNAs的表达水平和/或功能的改变与糖尿病视网膜病变(DR)、年龄相关性黄斑变性(AMD)、视网膜母细胞瘤(RB)等多种严重致盲性眼底疾病的发生、发展、治疗和预后密切相关.就近年来miRNAs与眼底疾病的研究进展进行综述.     

乳腺癌与抑癌基因甲基化及MicroRNA的研究进展

抑癌基因DNA的异常甲基化在肿瘤的发生与演进过程中起着重要作用,最近研究发现MicroRNA表达与多种癌症相关,并且受表观遗传学改变的控制。该文对乳腺癌抑癌基因甲基化及MicroRNA和乳腺癌的发生机制及治疗的研究进展作一综述。