内镜下老年人消化道非静脉曲张破裂出血常见病因及治疗

目的探讨镜下所见消化道出血常见病因及治疗方法。方法对2009年3月～2013年10月昆明市第一人民医院内镜检查所见老年人消化道出血52例病例资料进行回顾性分析。结果52例老年患者发现镜下出血,胃溃疡占30.77%（16/52）,十二指肠溃疡占25%（13/52）,贲门溃疡2例,贲门黏膜撕裂4例,Dieulafoy病6例,吻合口溃疡3例,活检术后2例,息肉切除术后4例,肠道不明原因渗血2例。52例均行镜下治疗,镜下即时止血成功率92.31%（48/52）,所有病例均无穿孔及其他术后并发症。结论镜检所见老年人消化道出血最常见病因为消化性溃疡,镜下治疗以金属钛夹止血为主,其特点是创伤小,急诊止血率高,病死率低,并发症少,已成为主要的治疗方法,值得临床推广。     

电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法同时测定水中7种金属元素

目的为满足水中多元素分析的需要,建立了电感耦合等离子发射光谱仪（ICP-AES）同时测定水中铁、锰、铜、锌、铅、镉、铝7种金属元素的方法。方法 2012～2013年采用轴向观测方式,同时采用同心雾化器加玻璃旋流雾化室,直接分析样品,减少了背景和其他元素干扰,提高了分析的灵敏度,并对济南铁路辖区的生活饮用水进行了检测。结果方法快速、灵敏,铁、锰、铜、锌、铅、镉、铝的检出限分别为0.30、0.04、0.18、0.60、2.60、0.15、0.20μg/L;线性良好,各元素线性相关系数均≥0.999 9;重现性好,不同浓度的相对标准偏差（RSD）为0.05%～2.06%;准确度高,回收率为95.41%～104.89%,并对标样进行测定,数值均在允许范围内。结论该方法可多元素同时测定,检出限低、分析速度快、线性范围宽、结果准确可靠、能够满足各类用水和水源水的测定要求,适用于日常分析。     

Investigation of heavy metal concentrations in some Turkish wines

Research studies analysing heavy metal or trace elements in Turkish wines is scarce. This study was designed to fill this gap, analysing 43 wines produced in 4 different regions in Turkey. A total of 37 red and 6 white wines produced from various grapes from 2006 to 2008 in Marmara, Aegean, Central Anatolia and Eastern Anatolia regions were studied. Wines were analyzed for Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Cd and Pb using atomic absorption spectrometer equipped (AAS) with electrothermal atomization unit (ET). Average results for red and white wines, respectively, were: Cr, 38.6 and 29.4 μg/L; Mn, 697 and 101 μg/L; Fe, 1.7 and 0.7 mg/L; Co, 6.3 and 0.5 μg/L; Ni, 134 and 573 μg/L; Cu, 131 and 158 μg/L; Zn, 389 and 2099 μg/L; Cd, 2.8 (red wine; white wine results were under limit of detection); Pb, 6.3 (red wine; white wine results were under limit of detection). These results were interpreted for grape types and regions. Accuracy was tested with standard addition method. Recoveries ranged from 96% to 107% after standard addition. Cr, Fe and Mn in red wines were higher in comparison to white wines, whereas white wines were higher in Ni and Zn. Non-essential Cd and Pb concentrations were very low in both red and white wines. Comparison with literature shows all heavy metal concentrations in the analyzed Turkish wines to be below the limits designated by World Health Organization.     

The release of metal ions from orthodontic appliances: Animal tests

Objective:To investigate the release of metal ions from an orthodontic appliance in tests on animals (pigs).Materials and Methods:An animal test was conducted on 24 pigs divided equally into an experimental and a control group. In total, 12 sets of experimental orthodontic plates were surgically inserted into pig snouts in the experimental group for 6 months. Noninvasive matrices (hair [0, 3, and 6 months]) and invasive matrices (kidneys, liver, lungs, aorta, and oral mucosa) were collected for multi-elemental analysis (inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry) from the experimental and control groups.Results:The greatest differences in the content of toxic metals were found in the aorta (Ni level was 4.8 times higher in experimental than in the control group), in the cheek (Ni 3.5 times higher), and in the hair sampled after 3 months (Cr 3.4 times higher).Conclusions:The obtained data indicate that the products of corrosion have passed into selected tissues of pigs; however, the doses of toxic metal ions released from the appliance did not reach toxic levels.     

一种简易牵引装置在结肠内镜黏膜下剥离术中的临床应用（含视频）

评估在结肠内镜黏膜下剥离术（endoscopic submucosal dissection,ESD）中,金属夹联合丝线和橡皮圈作为简易内牵引装置的临床应用价值。以2021年1月至2022年7月间,在南通大学附属江阴医院进行ESD治疗的56例早期结肠癌和癌前病变患者为研究对象,采用计算机软件随机分配,分为常规ESD治疗的对照组（n=28）和金属夹联合丝线及橡皮圈牵引的牵引组（n=28）。对两组患者的ESD手术总时间、黏膜剥离时间、黏膜下注射次数、完整切除病灶率、手术并发症等情况进行综合比较。结果牵引组手术总时间较对照组短［（74.64±33.25）min比（117.18±35.75）min,t=4.61,P<0.001］;牵引组黏膜剥离时间较对照组短［（51.61±24.87）min比（99.11±32.73）min,t=6.11,P<0.001］;牵引组黏膜下注射次数较对照组少［（1.68±1.16）次比（4.96±1.41）次,t=9.57,P<0.001］;两组患者在手术面积和完整切除率及手术并发症方面差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。可见,金属夹联合丝线及橡皮圈的作为牵引辅助装置,可以降低结肠ESD的技术难度,缩短手术时间。     

Adverse Tissue Reactions and Metal Ion Behavior After Small‐Head Metasul Hip Arthroplasty: A Long‐Term Follow‐Up Study

ObjectiveTo investigate the long‐term survivorship, incidence of adverse reactions to metal debris (ARMD), and metal ion behavior in patients who underwent small‐head Metasul metal‐on‐metal (MoM) total hip arthroplasty (THA).MethodsBetween February 1998 and September 2003, a retrospective study was performed on 43 consecutive patients (43 hips) who underwent unilateral cementless Metasul MoM THAs at our institution. Of them, 35 patients (nine males and 26 females) who were available for follow‐up more than 15 years after THA were enrolled in this study and underwent metal artifact reduction sequence magnetic resonance imaging (MARS‐MRI) to identify ARMD. The mean age at surgery of the patients was 59.7 years old (range, 31–83). Clinical and radiographic outcomes were evaluated retrospectively. Clinical examinations were conducted using the Harris Hip Score (HHS). Serum cobalt (Co) and chromium (Cr) ion levels and Co/Cr ratio were assessed at different postoperative periods of <5, 5–10, 11–14, and ≥15 years.ResultsThe mean follow‐up period for the 35 patients included was 18.1 years (range, 15–22). The mean HHS significantly improved from 44.6 ± 11.3 points preoperatively to 89.4 ± 7.9 points at the final follow‐up (P < 0.0001). ARMD was found in 20% of the patients using MARS‐MRI. No signs of stem loosening were found clinically or radiographically, whereas cup loosening and ARMD were observed in three patients (9%), for whom revision THAs were performed. The Kaplan–Meier survival rates with revision for any reason as the endpoint were 90.9% at 5 years, 84.8% at 10 years, 84.8% at 15 years (95% CI, 67.1–93.6), and 70.3% at 20 years (95% CI, 43.6–87.0). The survival rates with revision for ARMD as the endpoint were 100% at 5 years, 96.6% at 10 years, 96.6% at 15 years (95% CI, 77.2–99.7), and 80.1% at 20 years (95% CI, 45.3–95.2). Serum Co ion level peaked at 5–10 years after THA, which was significantly higher than that <5 years; however, it decreased to the initial level after 15 years. In contrast, serum Cr ion level significantly increased at 5–10 years and then remained almost constant. Significant differences in Cr ion levels (1.0 vs 2.0 μg/L, P = 0.024) and Co/Cr ratio (1.3 vs 0.9, P = 0.037) were found between non‐ARMD and ARMD patients at >11 years postoperatively.ConclusionOur results suggest that increased Cr ion levels and decreased Co/Cr ratio may be signs of ARMD in patients who underwent small‐head Metasul MoM THA.     

不同材料PFM对患者牙周组织、龈沟液中炎症因子水平的影响

[目的]探讨不同材料的烤瓷熔附金属全冠(PFM)修复后对患者牙周组织、龈沟液中炎症因子水平的影响.[方法]选取本院2013年1月至2015年6月接受牙修复的患者60例,根据修复材料分为:镍铬合金烤瓷冠修复(A组)、镍铬合金镀金烤瓷冠修复(B组)、金沉积烤瓷冠修复(C组)各20例,测定三组患者修复前、修复后6个月的龈沟液量(GCF)、龈沟探诊深度(GCD)、牙龈指数(GI)、龈沟液中肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)、白细胞介素-1β(IL-1β)、白细胞介素-6(IL-6)、白细胞介素-8(IL-8)的水平.[结果]修复前,A组、B组和C组患者的GCF、GCD、GI指数差异均无统计学意义(P＞0.05);修复6个月后复查,A组患者的GCF、GCD、GI指数较修复前显著升高(P＜0.05),A组患者的GCF、GCD、GI指数显著高于B组和C组患者(P＜0.05);修复前,A组、B组和C组患者龈沟液中TNF-α、IL-1β、IL-6、IL-8的水平差异均无统计学意义(P＞0.05);修复6个月后复查,A组患者的TNF-α、IL-1β、IL-8的水平较修复前显著升高(P＜0.05),A组患者的TNF-α、IL-1β、IL-8水平显著高于B组和C组患者(P＜0.05).[结论]镍铬合金烤瓷冠对患者的牙周组织影响更为明显,患者牙龈沟液中炎症反应因子水平更高.     

Dieulafoy病内镜下钛夹止血的临床观察(附16例报道)

目的 观察Dieulafoy病内镜下钛夹止血的临床效果. 方法 对16例Dieulafoy病患者在内镜下确诊后即行钛夹止血. 结果 所有病例均在内镜下钛夹止血,一次成功.平均随访300天,无一例复发. 结论 内镜下钛夹止血治疗Dieulafoy病疗效确切,组织损伤小,复发率低,值得开展.