多层螺旋CT曲面重组诊断输尿管恶性肿瘤的价值

目的:探讨多层CT曲面重组图像在输尿管恶性肿瘤中的诊断价值。方法:搜集输尿管恶性肿瘤36例,均行多层CT扫描(MSCT)及曲面重组(CPR)。结果:36例CPR图像均能在一个平面上显示输尿管全程,并清楚显示输尿管肿瘤的部位、范围、形态、周围情况以及肿瘤上方输尿管肾盂梗阻扩张程度。结论:MSCT扫描及CPR对输尿管恶性肿瘤的诊断具有一定优势,能为临床制定治疗方案和预后判断提供有力帮助。     

The management of malignant thymona with radiation therapy.

Eleven patients were treated at Montefiore Hospital from 1962 to 1975 for malignant thymic tumor. Radiation therapy was administered in the immediate post-operative period or for recurrence 1–6 years after initial excision. Eight patients were alive and free of disease 2–16 years after radiotherapy.     

Alkyl-lysophospholipids inhibit the growth of hypernephroid carcinomas in vitro

Summary Synthetic alkyl-lysophospholipids (ALPs) inhibit the proliferation of human hypernephromas in vitro. Cells of ten different tumors were incubated with 4 ALPs for periods of more than 24 h. Eight of ten cell lines showed proliferation rates below 1% of the controls after cultivation. One microgram of ALPs per 10⁶ tumor cells was effective, in some experiments a dose response relation was found for even lower concentrations. Equivalent concentrations of cytostatic drugs did not show reproducible higher antitumor effects in vitro. In two of the tested cell lines ALPs did not show any reproducible tumor growth inhibition, whereas at least some of the cytostatic drugs revealed slight cytostatis.Supported by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft, grant no. Be 822/1, and by Freunde der Technischen Universität München e. V.     

真性组织细胞性淋巴瘤——形态学、酶组织化学和免疫学的研究

本文报告四例经光镜、电镜、酶组织化学染色和免疫学标记证实的淋巴结原发真性组织细胞性淋巴瘤,并对它的诊断和鉴别诊断进行了讨论。作者认为根据瘤组织的细胞在光镜下的形态特征,有助于对该肿瘤的诊断。     

Split course multiple daily fractionated radiotherapy schedule combined with misonidazole for the management of grade III and IV gliomas A pilot feasibility study of the Radiotherapy Group of the EORTC

The effect of a fractionated radiotherapy on tissue is not only determined by the total dose; but also by the dose per fraction and the overall time of treatment. Recent experimental data have demonstrated that with the overall treatment time of 6 or 7 weeks, as is usually the case in the clinical practice, the late tolerance of the central nervous system (CNS) is only determined by the fraction size. Based on these premises a totally new fractionation schedule for the treatment of malignant gliomas was developed. The interval between irradiation is reduced to 4 hr, which makes it practical and possible to give 3 fractions a day. Thus, 15 fractions of 2 Gy can be given in 5 days; this scheme can be repeated after a rest period of 2 weeks. In this way, a dose of 60 Gy can be delivered in an overall treatment time of 4 weeks. As the total number of treatment days is reduced this schedule reduces the burden on the patient, and renders a more efficient combination with misonidazoLe possible. The shortening of the overall time could enhance the efficacy of radiotherapy on a rapidly proliferating tumor. A total of 122 patients have been treated according to this schedule. The acute tolerance has been found to be very good. Only 18% of the patients experienced transient severe side effects, such as nausea, vomiting, somnolence and headache. Thus, it has been proven that this treatment schedule reduces the burden on the patients. The preliminary survival data are encouraging. The median survival time of patients treated after tumor resection is over a year. These results warrant further study. A randomized trial exploring this treatment modality has been started.     

Sunbed-induced melanoma in a rheumatoid patient

Summary The development in a rheumatoid patient of a cutaneous malignant melanoma following repeated exposure to UV-A Radiation from a sunbed for its supposed therapeutic effect, is described. A causal-effect relationship is proposed and the potential risks to other arthritic patients and in particular those with pigmented skin lesions, is highlighted.     

Malignant hyperthermia syndrome—Evidence for denervation changes in human skeletal muscle

Summary The presence of denervation-like changes and abnormal mitochondria in the muscle of carriers of the malignant hyperthermia syndrome suggest a neuropathic basis for the human syndrome. A defect in mitochondrial ATP synthesis resulting from denervation, and potentiated by some general anaesthetics, may be the primary muscle fibre lesion in the human malignant hyperthermic syndrome.     

Radiology and pathology of malignant fibrous histiocytomas of the soft tissues: A report of ten cases

Malignant fibrous histiocytomas (MFH) are believed to originate from histiocytes and are composed of malignant cells with spindle or round shapes. We evaluated ten MFH of the soft tissues by plain roentgenograms, computed tomography (CT), and angiography and subdivided them into four grades of anaplasia and five predominant histologic variants. The variants of MFH demonstrated different vascular patterns. The extension of the lesions could be determined by CT and angiography. CT is the method of choice in the assessment of size and extent of MFH of the soft tissues. When intra-arterial chemotherapy is indicated the angiograms obtained at each catheter placement may substitute CT in follow-up studies obviating additional diagnostic procedures.     

Intraarterial 1,3-bis(2-chloroethyl)-1-nitrosourea chemotherapy for the treatment of malignant gliomas of the brain: a preliminary report

In a clinical trial, 10 patients with malignant gliomas underwent partial resection of their tumors and were treated by intraarterial 1,3-bis(2-chloroethyl)-1-nitrosourea (BCNU) chemotherapy. The drug was given at least 1 month after the completion of postoperative radiotherapy in total doses of 270-280 mg/m2 in two sessions separated by a 48-hour interval (the two sessions with interval were equal to one course). This therapy was repeated every 8-10 weeks. Four patients had three courses and the other six patients had two courses of chemotherapy. This therapy was the only antitumor chemotherapy for this group of patients. Our preliminary results demonstrate the safety of this new procedure and suggest that intraarterial BCNU chemotherapy may be more effective, and has a better tolerance and less toxicity, than intravenous BCNU chemotherapy. Furthermore, it was demonstrated that, in the case of one patient, higher antitumor activity resulted from intraarterial BCNU chemotherapy as compared to intravenous BCNU therapy.