Assessment of myocardial viability in rats: Evaluation of a new method using superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles and Gd-DOTA at high magnetic field.

The aim of this study was to detect salvageable peri-infarction myocardium by MRI in rats after infarction, using with a double contrast agent (CA) protocol at 7 Tesla. Intravascular superparamagnetic iron oxide (SPIO) nanoparticles and an extracellular paramagnetic CA (Gd-DOTA) were used to characterize the peri-infarction zone, which may recover function after reperfusion occurs. Infarcted areas measured from T1-weighted (T1-w) images post Gd-DOTA administration were overestimated compared to histological TTC staining (52% +/- 3% of LV surface area vs. 40% +/- 3%, P=0.03) or to T2-w images post SPIO administration (41% +/- 4%, P=0.04), whereas areas measured from T2-w images post SPIO administration were not significantly different from those measured histologically (P=0.7). Viable and nonviable myocardium portions of ischemically injured myocardium were enhanced after diffusive Gd-DOTA injection. The subsequent injection of vascular SPIO nanoparticles enables the discrimination of viable peri-infarction regions by specifically altering the signal of the still-vascularized myocardium.     

Arthroscopic Latissimus Dorsi Transfer

The patient is placed in lateral decubitus. A 6-cm incision made in the axilla allows access to the latissimus dorsi tendon and its neurovascular pedicle. Holding the arm in internal rotation, the surgeon detaches sharply the tendon off the humeral shaft and then reinforces it with wrapping sutures. Pulling the free limbs of the sutures exposes the under surface of the muscle and helps to identify the neurovascular pedicle. Special lighting retractors suited for a large diameter scope are helpful. Mobilization is completed when 2 cm of the tendon crosses the posterior edge of the acromion. The standard lateral portal is used for visualization. A silicon drain tube stiffened by a Wissinger rod is advanced from the posterior portal under direct visualization in the space between teres minor and deltoid, exiting in the auxiliary incision. A suture loop passed down the tube retrieves the tendon sutures out the posterior portal. These are then moved out the anterior portal, thus pulling the tendon over the tuberosity. The first anchor is inserted at the anterior aspect of the greater tuberosity, close to the articular cartilage and long head of the biceps tendon. Two to 3 anchors are inserted fixing the tendon to the tuberosity until it is stable.     

Investigations into the C‐deuteriation of aryl alkyl ketones using urea as a pro‐base in the presence of a deuterium donor

Results are reported on the regioselective C‐deuteriation of a series of enolates derived from the deprotonation of aryl alkyl ketones using dilithiated urea as the pro‐base in the presence of a suitable deuterium donor. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

乳腺癌99mTc-MIBI影像与P-糖蛋白表达的相关性

为了探讨活体乳腺恶性肿瘤对99mTc-甲氧基异丁基异腈(99mTc-MIBI)的摄取和肿瘤细胞P-糖蛋白(P-glyco-protein,P-gp)表达间的关系。2003年10月~2005年12月对40例未经治疗的乳腺癌患者进行99mTc-MIBI早期(10min)与延迟(120min)平面显像,计算其外排率(WOR)。显像后1周内进行手术治疗或化疗,术后应用免疫组化方法检测肿瘤标本P-gp表达,结果进行统计学计算。结果:WOR在P-gp阳性者为(12.8±8.2)%,高于P-gp阴性者(1.2±6.2)%,差异有统计学意义,t=3.42,P=0.01;WOR与肿瘤大小成正相关。初步研究结果显示,乳腺恶性肿瘤对99mTc-MIBI的摄取与P-gp表达呈明显负相关,即肿瘤细胞高度表达P-gp时,99mTc-MIBI摄取较低,99mTc-MIBI显像和肿瘤细胞P-gp表达相关性好,可成为体内无创检测肿瘤组织P-gp表达及耐药性的重要手段。     

基因转移FasL治疗人黑素瘤的实验研究

目的探讨体内外基因转移F as配体(F as-ligand,F asL)对恶性人黑素瘤细胞凋亡的影响。方法用携带人F asL cDNA的缺陷型重组腺病毒(A d-F asL),在体外转导两株黑素瘤细胞,并使其表达;通过流式细胞仪、RT-PCR法进行F as/F asL表达检测,TUNEL法及荧光显微镜相关凋亡检测、分析。建立人黑素瘤裸鼠模型,并对其进行体内疗效观察及病理学检查。结果流式细胞仪和RT-PCR检测两株黑素瘤细胞表面均表达F as,不表达F asL,而A d-F asL转导的两株黑素瘤细胞均能表达F asL;A d-F asL能显著诱导两株黑素瘤细胞在体外凋亡或抑制其生长。体内疗效观察黑素瘤荷瘤鼠模型治疗组瘤重(0.48±0.16)g与对照组瘤重(1.02±0.19)g相比,差异有显著性(P<0.05)。肿瘤组织形态学检查,治疗组可见肿瘤细胞凋亡坏死区及炎性细胞浸润。结论F asL基因重组腺病毒在体内外均具有显著诱导人黑素瘤细胞凋亡的效果。     

In vivo detection of single cells by MRI.

The use of high-relaxivity, intracellular contrast agents has enabled MRI monitoring of cell migration through and homing to various tissues, such as brain, spinal cord, heart, and muscle. Here it is shown that MRI can detect single cells in vivo, homing to tissue, following cell labeling and transplantation. Primary mouse hepatocytes were double-labeled with green fluorescent 1.63-microm iron oxide particles and red fluorescent endosomal labeling dye, and injected into the spleens of recipient mice. This is a common hepatocyte transplantation paradigm in rodents whereby hepatocytes migrate from the spleen to the liver as single cells. One month later the animals underwent in vivo MRI and punctuated, dark contrast regions were detected scattered through the livers. MRI of perfused, fixed samples and labeled hepatocyte phantoms in combination with histological evaluation confirmed the presence of dispersed single hepatocytes grafted into the livers. Appropriate controls were used to determine whether the observed contrast could have been due to dead cells or free particles, and the results confirmed that the contrast was due to disperse, single cells. Detecting single cells in vivo opens the door to a number of experiments, such as monitoring rare cellular events, assessing the kinetics of stem cell homing, and achieving early detection of metastases.     

原位杂交与免疫组化技术在HPV检测中的应用

目的：对两种HPV检测技术DNA原位杂交和免疫组化染色方法进行对比观察。方法：选取本院外阴尖锐湿疣病例95例，组织经固定、脱水、石蜡包埋、切片，分别采用原位杂交和免疫组化技术进行检测。结果：HPV—DNA阳性率为94．7％(90／95)，阳性反应由鳞状上皮表层的空泡细胞核内延伸至棘层中下部近基底层的细胞核内；HPV—Ag阳性率为63．1％(60／95)，阳性反应主要位于鳞状上皮表层的空泡细胞核内及角质层内。个别阳性细胞可在棘层出现。结论：原位杂交技术在敏感度、阳性率及阳性强度、背景染色等方面均优于免疫组化方法，为尖锐湿疣的确诊及临床治疗提供更准确、可靠的依据。     

球后溃疡的X线诊断体会

目的 :探讨球后溃疡的 X线诊断。方法 :对 34例球后溃疡的 X线表现作出分析。结果 :经过 34例比较典型的球后溃疡的 X线诊断 ,体会到在进行气钡双重造影时 ,适当的体位能较好地显示病灶部位。而龛影和局部肠管狭窄为球后溃疡的主要X线表现 ,另外还表现为黏膜改变和局部激惹     

结肠CT扫描技术初探

目的 :通过分析比较结肠扫描不同充填剂与不同体位的方法 ,探讨出最佳充填剂与最佳体位以提高结肠 CT扫描质量。方法 :分别对 4 0例结肠 CT扫描病人采用不同的充填剂 ,与不同的体位 ,评价不同的充填剂与不同体位的优缺点。结果 :水作为充填剂组病灶显示情况明显优于泛影萄胺组且伪影少 ,选择不同体位组图像质量也明显优于常规体位组。结论 :结肠 CT扫描时应首选水作为充填剂 ,根据病变不同选择不同的体位 ,有利于图像质量的提高     

皮肤组织热水烫伤传热分析

目的：研究生物组织热水烫伤过程的传热规律及影响因素并由此进行烫伤程度预测。方法：基于Pennes生物传热方程，建立热水洒落皮肤组织所致烫伤过程的一般模型，研究生物组织内部的温度变化规律，并对生物组织烫伤程度进行预测。结果：通过数值计算，得到生物组织内部的温度分布，以及生物组织烫伤发生的开始时间。研究表明，皮肤及内部组织初始温度分布、热水与皮肤表面的对流换热系数及热水的温度对于烫伤的发生有显著影响。结果：该模型可用于生物组织热水烫伤过程传热分析和烫伤预测，为烫伤的诊断和治疗提供依据。