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101.
M. Leonardi A. Lavaroni E. Biasizzo G. Fabris T. Penco F. Zappoli 《Neuroradiology》1989,31(2):148-150
Summary Intravenously admistered iodinated contrast media have been demostrated, since early experience with computed tomography of the brain, to improve clinical value of the procedure for detecting intracranial lesions. There is no universal agreement about the amount and the method of administration of the contrast medium. Many authors maintain that the use of large doses gives better results for the diagnosis of tumors and metastases. The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the tolerance of iopamidol administered by rapid intravenous infusion in a large number of patients undergoing contrast enhanced computed tomography to detect brain metastases. The authors examined 969 consecutive adult patients suffering from lung cancer, brain metastases have been detected in 17% of cases. Adverse reactions to contrast media occurred in 3 patients. Non ionic contrast media are recommended in this diagnostic procedure. 相似文献
102.
用放射化学分析方法,对新疆核试验场周围10个调查区和远离核试验场位于上风向的5个对照区采取的土壤样品进行了90Sr、137Cs分析测定。核试验场周围调查区土壤中90Sr累积平均沉降量为1.5×103Bqm-2,137Cs为4.9×103Bqm-2;对照区90Sr累积平均沉降量为1.3×103Bqm-2,137Cs为3.9×103Bqm-2。调查区和对照区表层土壤中州90Sr,137Cs放射性平均水平无显著性差异。通过估算得出了调查区90Sr、137Cs对居民产生约定有效剂量当量分别为78.3μSv(集体剂量当量负担为23.9人·sv)和270μSv(集体剂量当量负担为82.3人·sv),对照区分别为70.5μSv,(集体剂量当量负担为14.1人·sv)和220μSv(集体剂量当量负担为14.1人·sv)。两个地区居民受到来自核试验产生的90Sr和137Cs给予人体的内照射剂量当量负担基本上是一样的。可认为90Sr、137Cs对新疆核试验场周围没有造成严重的局部污染。对居民的身体健康不致于产生不良影响。 相似文献
103.
Objective To study the altered radiobiological effect of simulative intensity-modulated radiotherapy (SIMR) in cultured human nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) cells and the related mechanism. Methods Single cell suspension of exponentially growing CNE-2 cells, a poor differentiated NPC cell line, was seeded and cultured for 12 hours, then the cells were irradiated in two different models by 6 MV X-ray beams at 3 Gy/min. In single fraction irradiation (SFR) model, cells were irradiated a single fraction of 0, 2, 4, 6 or 8 Gy within 0 to 3 minutes. In S1MR model, cells were irradiated 0, 2, 4, 6 or 8 Gy in 5 frac-tions with interval of 8.0-8.5 minutes between. Clonogenic assay was performed to determine the radiosen-sitivity. Cellular apoptosis was measured by flow cytometry. RT-PCR was used to detect mRNA expressions of Bax and Bcl-2, Respectively. Results Compared with SFR group, the survival fraction in SIMR group was higher at all the dose levels. The values of α, β, D0 and Dq were higher in SIMR group than in SFR group. At dose levels of 2 Gy, 4 Gy and 6 Gy, The early and late apoptotic cells in SIMR group were lower than in SFR group (21.20%: 15.89%, F=18.51, P=0.020;13.00%: 10.20, F=15.67, P=0.040).The mRNA expression of Bax was upregulated in a dose-dependent manner in the both groups. Compared with SFR group, the mRNA expression of Bax in SIMR group was lower at all the dose levels (Mean value of 76.75% : 62.50%, F =36.57, P =0.000). Bcl-2 mRNA expression at every dose level had no significant difference between the two groups (Mean value of 29.25% : 29.75%, F=0.74, P=0.800). Conclusions Prolonged delivery time in SIMR model can decrease the radiobiological effects. 相似文献
104.
K. Miyashita I. Morioka T. Tanabe H. Iwata S. Takeda 《International archives of occupational and environmental health》1992,64(5):347-351
Summary To study the effects of construction machinery operation on subjective symptoms, a questionnaire survey was caried out among construction machinery operators by a self-reporting method. Subjects were 184 power shovel operators, 127 bulldozer operators, 44 forklift operators as operator groups, and 44 office workers as a control. Their ages were in a range of 30–49 years. The questionnaire contained 20 symptoms referring to fatigue, digestive problems, and upper or lower limbs or back problems. The prevalence rate and symptom characteristics were examined. The dominant symptoms of the operator groups were stiff shoulder, low back pain, and stomack symptoms. The prevalence rate of low back pain was significantly different between forklift operators and controls. No significant differences were found in the symptoms of upper limbs and fingers between operator groups and controls. The prevalence of Raynaud's phenomenon was 0.5%–2.3% in the operator groups and 2.3% in the control group. 相似文献
105.
简述了淋巴细胞亚群微核检测方法、淋巴细胞亚群自发微核率和影响因素,以及关于电脑射效应的研究现状,为微核法用于辐射生物剂的未来发展提供了有益信息。 相似文献
106.
单次静注爱肌松(0.3mg·kg-1,对照组)于3.17±0.81分钟(x±s)可获得满意的气管插管条件。预注组(10例)首次量0.27mg·kg-1于预注剂量(0.03mg·kg-1)后5分钟给予,可使爱肌松的起效时间缩短至0.93±0.17分钟(P<0.001),TOF无反应期、25%和90%恢复时间两组无显著差别(P>0.25)。全部病例均获得了良好的气管插管条件,预注的优点还在于能评估患者对所选用非去极化肌松药的敏感性。预往后TOF肌电图T1抑制>10%较无明显TOF抑制者肌松恢复时间显著延长(P<0.05)。同时发现吸入安氟醚可使爱肌松作用时效延长。 相似文献
107.
A. C. Metting van Rijn A. Peper C. A. Grimbergen 《Medical & biological engineering & computing》1991,29(4):433-440
A multichannel instrumentation amplifier, developed to be used in a miniature universal eight-channel amplifier module, is
described. After discussing the specific properties of a bioelectric recording, the difficulties of meeting the demanded specifications
with a design based on operational amplifiers are reviewed. Because it proved impossible to achieve the demanded combination
of low noise and low power consumption using commercially available operational amplifiers, an amplifier equipped with an
input stage with discrete transistors was developed. A new design concept was used to expand the design to a multichannel
version with an equivalent input noise voltage of 0·35 μV RMS in a bandwidth of 0·1–100 Hz and a power consumption of 0·6
mW per channel. The results of this study are applied to miniature, universal, eight-channel amplifier modules, manufactured
with thick-film production techniques. The modules can be coupled to satisfy the demand for a multiple of eight channels.
The low power consumption enables the modules to be used in all kinds of portable and telemetry measurement systems and simplifies
the power supply in stationary measurement systems. 相似文献
108.
Effects of Clodronate on Cortical and Trabecular Bone in Ovariectomized Rats on a Low Calcium Diet 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
T. S. Kaastad O. Reikerås J. E. Madsen S. Narum J. H. Strømme K. J. Obrant L. Nordsletten 《Calcified tissue international》1997,61(2):158-164
The aim of this study was to evaluate the contribution of a low calcium diet to the cortical and trabecular osteoporosis
seen in ovariectomized rats after 7 weeks on a low calcium diet and to investigate the effects of the bisphosphonate clodronate
on this development of osteoporosis. Thirty-six mature, female Wistar rats were randomized into four groups: Ovx−B (bisphosphonate)
and Ovx−C (control) were ovariectomized, and Sham−Ca (low calcium) and Sham+Ca (normal calcium) were sham operated. The first
three groups were fed a low calcium diet (0.01%) and Sham+Ca normal rat chow (Ca 1.1%). The Ovx−B received 10 mg/kg s.c. clodronate
daily for nine weeks, and Ovx−C, Sham−Ca, and Sham+Ca received the same volumes of saline. Bone mineral turnover measured
as 85Sr-uptake was increased in all low calcium groups compared to Sham+Ca. The Sham+Ca femora had higher dry weight and ash weight
than the other groups, and Ovx−C had higher dry weight compared with Ovx−B and Sham−Ca. Calcium content was lower in both
Ovx groups compared to both Sham groups. Magnesium was lower in all groups compared to Sham+Ca and higher in Ovx−B compared
with Ovx−C. In the femoral shaft, Sham+Ca had significantly higher ultimate bending moment, energy absorption, and deflection
compared to the other three groups. Ultimate bending moment was higher in Sham−Ca than in Ovx−C. Stiffness was increased in
both Sham+Ca and Ovx−B compared to Ovx−C. The maximum stress in the femoral midshaft was higher in Sham+Ca than in the other
groups, and higher in Ovx−B than in Ovx−C. Histomorphometry showed increased medullary area in all low calcium groups compared
to Sham+Ca and larger cortical area in Sham+Ca and Ovx−B compared to Ovx−C. Compared to Sham+Ca the trabecular bone volume
was decreased to 30% in Sham−Ca and to 9% in Ovx−C, but was unchanged in Ovx−B. The low calcium diet generally increased bone
mineral turnover and reduced the tibial bone volume. Femoral changes led to a reduction of cortical fracture strength and
maximal stress. Ovariectomy in addition to a low calcium diet reduced femoral strength even more. Daily injections of clodronate
to ovariectomized rats on a low calcium diet increased femoral shaft stiffness and maximum stress, and clodronate preserved
both trabecular and cortical tibial bone volume completely.
Received: 11 June 1996 / Accepted: 5 March 1997 相似文献
109.
麦胚提取物对辐射损伤修复的实验研究 总被引:2,自引:1,他引:1
目的 研究麦胚提取物对小鼠辐射损伤修复的调节和保护作用。方法 采用辐射前或辐射同时饲喂一定量的麦胚提取物,观察小鼠经X射线一次性全身照射后的临床症状、30d存活率、骨髓微核率、外周血白细胞总数在不同时间的变化。结果 与对照组(单纯照射)比较,饲喂麦胚提取物可使小鼠的头面部皮肤、小肠黏膜、肾脏损伤症状得到明显改善;30d存活率为86.17%(P<0.01),提高存活率41.79%,保护系数为1.72;骨髓微核率4.62‰;比对照组(12.14‰)降低(P<0.01);外周血白细胞总数在7,13,20,30d均显回升(P<0.05,P<0.01,P<0.01,P<0.01)。结论 麦胚提取物对小鼠辐射损伤修复有一定程度的调节和保护作用,对于辅助肿瘤放射治疗具有重要意义。 相似文献
110.
为确定放射性碘在甲状腺内滞留模式,观察甲状腺吸收放射性碘后的生物效应,进而评价其辐射危害。方法利用活体测量方法,直接测量两个不同年龄组大鼠甲状腺内131Ⅰ的代谢参数。对测量数据进行处理后得到了大鼠甲状腺内131Ⅰ的滞留函数为三指数项函数。结果利用所得三指数项滞留函数的准确方法进行剂量估算,所得的两组动物的甲状腺平均累积吸收剂量分别为7.7Gy和11.5Gy,而一般方法算得的大鼠甲状腺的平均累积吸收剂量比用准确方法高估了66%~91%。结论由于准确方法考虑到影响估算甲状腺所受剂量的一些因素,故可相对准确地反映了131Ⅰ所致不同年龄大鼠甲状腺的吸收剂量。 相似文献