应用FISH技术对肝癌细胞系HCC-9903X染色体变异的研究

目的：研究人肝细胞肝癌细胞系HCC－9903X染色体畸变规律。方法：建立肝细胞肝癌细胞系HCC－9903，制备其染色体标本，用X染色体着丝粒特异DNA探针，对其X染色体进行荧光原位杂交（fluorescence in situ hybridization,FISH)，检测X染色体拷贝致畸变。结果：HCC－9903肝癌细胞系染色体变异发生率高，其中X染色体改变存在规律，拷贝数增多，以4拷贝为主，X染色体扩增率达99％，结论：X染色体拷贝数增多在肝癌细胞系中发生频率很高，证明在肝癌发病及发展过程中起到某种作用，其意义值得进一步探讨。     

烧伤皮肤再生疗法与创面愈合的机制

目的：从分子、细胞和整体临床治疗三个层面，解析烧伤皮肤再生疗法在烧伤创面愈合中的作用机制；论证皮肤再生医疗技术的理论基础和临床实用价值。方法：从烧伤创面坏死组织液化排除(祛腐)和创面的原位皮肤再生修复(生肌)两个关键环节，分析规范应用烧伤湿润暴露疗法和湿润烧伤膏(MEBT／MEBO)在烧伤创面愈合过程中的重要作用和临床疗效。结果：烧伤创面的生理性原位皮肤再生修复需要具备三个条件：一是烧伤创面生理湿润环境的形成；二是原位培养角蛋白19型干细胞的再生物质和组织学基础；三是规范的皮肤再生医疗技术是创面生理性再生愈合的保证一结论：潜能再生细胞理论和原位于细胞培植再生修复技术是烧伤皮肤再生疗法的理论基础和实用医疗技术。严格实施皮肤再生医疗技术的操作程序和规范的治疗方法，对烧伤创面愈合有明显促进作用，能使深度烧伤创面达到生理性再生愈合。     

A substance secreted by rat Sertoli cells induces feminization of embryonic chick testes in vitro

Male and female gonads from 7- to 9-day-old chick embryos were cultured for 6 days in Sertoli cell-conditioned medium or in serum-free medium to investigate the possible effect of substances secreted by rat Sertoli cells on chick gonad development. Histological analysis showed that whereas all female gonads proceed through normal ovarian development in both culture media, most of male gonads showed clear feminization only when cultured in Sertoli cell-conditioned medium; male gonads cultured in serum-free medium developed as normal testes. Because the only substance detected in our conditioned medium with the potential to cause these effects was sex-specific antigen (Sxs), our results provide further evidence that Sxs antigen may play a role in sexual differentiation in birds, and probably in mammals.     

Comparison of different methods for CMV detection

Summary The submandibular glands were investigated in 77 cases of SIDS using histology, immunohistochemistry (IHC), in situ hybridization (ISH) and PCR to detect cytomegalovirus (CMV) inclusion disease. The aim of the investigation was to establish the detection of CMV by PCR as a model for the detection of other types of virus by PCR, especially for the detection of viruses which affect the respiratory system of babies. In 14 cases the CMV detection was possible. Typical changes of duct cells associated with CMV infection were observed in 9 by histology and in 4 further cases by IHC. In comparison to these methods, ISH showed a higher sensitivity but only one more positive case was found. Theoretically the PCR method is more sensitive than ISH and more convenient from the practical aspect. Detection of CMV by PCR was possible in 10 out of 14 positive cases. All PCR positive cases were cases showing an active disease but not latent infection.     

研究Oddi括约肌肌电活动的实验动物模型的建立

目的探讨将家兔用于研究Oddi括约肌肌电活动的实验动物模型的可行性和稳定性。方法对不同条件下的家兔采用双极金属钩状电极采集其肌电活动信号，经放大、滤波及计算机处理后记录其大小及波形。结果不同条件下的家兔Oddi括约肌的肌电活动在波形、频率、强度等方面均有明显的不同，具有明显的规律性。重复实验可得到相同的结论。结论家兔是研究Oddi括约肌肌电活动较为理想的动物，具有价格低廉、来源广泛、信号稳定等优点。使用双极金属钩状电极可以稳定地采集到在体的Oddi括约肌肌电活动信号，这为今后广泛、深入地研究Oddi括约肌肌电活动搭建了一个技术平台。     

What Makes a Good Kindergarten Teacher? A Pilot Interview Study in Hong Kong

The present study was aimed at investigating the perception of teaching and learning of kindergarten teachers in Hong Kong. Despite the philosophical vision of early childhood education, a firm traditional kind of instruction, with emphasis on planning, preparation and external judgment, was perceived as an important indicator for good teaching. Moreover, teachers tended to focus on and describe their own actions as teachers rather than the actions of pupils. There was a shift from children's agenda to the teacher's agenda. A very different role of the teacher, in contrast to the philosophy of early childhood education, was recorded. The vision of developmentally appropriate early childhood education has not been well acknowledged by kindergarten teachers in Hong Kong. It is argued that challenge to their prior beliefs on teaching and learning will facilitate their future professional development.     

家兔在体活神经力学性质的测定

用弦式，直线式加载法对在体活神经实施系列连续应力和应变的急性单纯性定量牵拉，结果表明：①神经的应力－应变，载荷－延长量曲线均呈幂函数形成；②游离神经的应力松弛持续时间较长，一般在２０００秒内完成；非游离神经的张力衰减则在６００秒内大部完成；③在非游离神经，初始张力越小，则松弛程度越大，松弛速度越快。文中讨论了活体神经力学性质的测试方式。条件和生物意义。     

The influence of macrophage co-culture to the fertility rate and blastocyst formation rate of the mouse''''s oocytes

Objective:To investigate the effect of co-culture with peritoneal macrophage to the fertility rate and blastocyst formation rate of the mouse's oocytes.Methods:A total of 15 KunMing mice aged 10-14 weeks were undergone ovulation induction and oocytes collection.The oocytes were randomly divided into three groups.The first group was the control group and cultured without macrophage;the second group(experimental group 1)was co-cultured with macrophages right after oocytes collection;the third group(experimental group 2)was cultured alone after oocytes retrieval,and co-cultured with macrophages from 8 cell stage.Results:1.The fertility rate in control group(91.0%)and experimental group 2(93.7%)was significantly higher than that in experimental group 1(72.0%,P<0.001).2.Blastocyst formation rate of the fertilized oocytes in the experimental group 2(78.2%)was much higher than control group(60.3%,P<0.001).3.Blastocyst formation rate of the oocytes in experimental group 2(73.2%)was much higher than control group(54.8%)and experimental group 1(50.0%),which were statistically significant.Conclusions:1.Co-culture with peritoneal macrophages had an adverse influence on the fertilization process.2.Peritoneal macrophages could enhance the mouse embryonic development and increase the blastocyst formation rate.     

基质金属蛋白酶-13在退变腰椎间盘髓核组织中的表达及其意义

目的观察基质金属蛋白酶(MMPs)-13在退变腰椎间盘髓核组织中的表达及其临床意义。方法应用原位分子杂交(ISH)和免疫组织化学检测30例(男23例,女7例)退变腰椎间盘和8例(男6例,女2例)创伤腰椎间盘髓核组织中MMP-13信使核糖核酸(mRNA)和蛋白的表达。图像平均灰度值作为测定指标,两样本t检验进行统计学分析。结果:MMP-13在退变腰椎间盘髓核中表达明显增加。在退变组及创伤组中,MMP-13 mRNA表达的平均灰度值分别为101.17±10.96、153.37±15.24(t=11.01,P<0.01);MMP-13蛋白表达的平均灰度值分别为148.24±21.50、105.23±15.69(t=6.37,P<0.01)。结论髓核中MMP-13的表达增强可能是腰椎间盘退变的重要因素之一。     

开放骨折感染创面细菌875株分析

目的：明确开放骨折感染创面常见感染细菌种类、数量和分布持点，指导临床合理有效的应用抗生素。方法：对1990年1月一2000年12月骨科住院病人中开放骨折术后感染患创面分离出的各种细菌、真菌共30种875株进行分析。并同步比较病人所能接触的院内环境中检测的细菌。结果：感染创面中，G 球菌和G-杆菌所占比例最大，分别为40．68％、52．5％，铜绿假单胞菌247株，检出率为28．2％，居第一；金黄色葡萄球菌217株，检出率为24．8％，居第二；其他如表皮葡萄球菌、施氏葡萄球菌、阴沟肠杆菌等均占有一定比例。一些机会致病菌也从创面中检出，而且创面内数且较多的细菌从院内环境中均可检出。药敏结果显示：金葡菌和表葡菌对青霉素敏感度极低，先锋V、丁胺卡那露素对其较敏感。一些G 杆菌对复达欣、先锋V较敏感。结论：细菌室应重视对临床感染菌种的细菌培养及药敏试验，正确报告病原菌及药敏结果。同时，临床医师应根据药敏结果合理有效的应用抗生素。