CA125单独及联合多种抗原标志物对卵巢癌的诊断价值

目的 :探讨多种肿瘤标志物对卵巢癌的诊断价值。方法 :应用化学发光法测定卵巢肿瘤、子宫内膜异位症和盆腔炎性包块的CA1 2 5、CA1 99、CA1 5 3、AFP、CEA阳性率。结果 :卵巢癌患者中 ,80 .6 0 %CA1 2 5阳性 ,92 .5 3%联合检测阳性 ,阳性率明显高于良性肿瘤、子宫内膜异位症、盆腔炎性包块患者 (P <0 .0 1 ) ;CA1 2 5与卵巢癌的临床分期及病理类型无关 ,但Ⅰ期卵巢癌患者的血清CA1 2 5值明显低于Ⅱ～Ⅳ期患者 (P <0 .0 1 )。结论 :CA1 2 5对卵巢癌的诊断有一定的价值 ,联合监测能提高卵巢癌的诊断率 ,尤其对早期卵巢癌。     

血清CA125结合B超对绝经后妇女卵巢恶性病变的预测价值

目的 通过了解绝经后妇女卵巢肿物的临床特点，探讨早期发现绝经后妇女卵巢恶性肿瘤的可行方法。方法 回顾分析302例经手术后病理证实为卵巢肿物的自然绝经后妇女的临床特点，采用B超结合血CA125的定量测定。结果 71．2％的绝经后卵巢肿物患者无自觉症状，38．7％为卵巢恶性肿瘤，BUS结合血CA125对卵巢恶性病变预测的敏感性为98．4％，特异性为57．9％，阳性预测值62．6％，阴性预测值98．1％。结论 对绝经后妇女实施妇科检查及B超的筛查结合血CA125的定量测定，有助于临床医生及时发现卵巢恶性肿瘤。     

阴道超声对诊断治疗卵巢子宫内膜异位囊肿及子宫腺肌病的价值

目的探讨阴道超声及血清CA125测定对诊断治疗卵巢子宫内膜异位囊肿及子宫腺肌病的价值。方法对卵巢子宫内膜异位囊肿及子宫腺肌病患者631例进行回顾性分析，术前均经阴道超声检查，部分患者进行了血清CA125测定。结果阴道超声检查卵巢子宫内膜异位囊肿符合率98．7％；子宫腺肌病符合率91．7％；卵巢子宫内膜异位囊肿合并子宫腺肌病符合率95．1％。血清CA125检查卵巢子宫内膜异位囊肿，阳性率39．4％；子宫腺肌病阳性率52．2％；卵巢子宫内膜异位囊肿合并子宫腺肌病阳性率59．2％。结论阴道超声可做为较准确诊断卵巢子宫内膜异位囊肿及子宫腺肌病的首选方法。阴道超声下囊肿穿刺是治疗卵巢子宫内膜异位囊肿的简便、有效的方法之一。血清CA125测定可做为卵巢子宫内膜异位囊肿及子宫腺肌病的协助诊断方法，应进一步完善对照组的研究。     

使用多肿瘤标志物蛋白质芯片诊断系统(C-12)检测胃癌的临床价值

目的研究多肿瘤标志物蛋白芯片诊断系统用于胃癌的诊断价值。方法用多肿瘤标志物蛋白芯片诊断系统检测50例正常人,70例胃良性疾病及80例胃癌患者血清中十二种常见的肿瘤标志物:甲胎蛋白(AFP),癌胚抗原(CEA),神经元特异性烯醇化酶(NSE),糖原125(CA125),糖原153(CA153),糖原242(CA242),糖原199(CA199),前列腺特异性抗原(PSA),游离前列腺特异性抗原(f-PSA),铁蛋白(FER),β-人绒毛膜促性腺激素(β-HCG),人生长激素(HGH)的水平并进行统计学分析。结果80例胃癌患者血清有74例血清肿瘤标志物为阳性(阳性率为92.75%),70例良性胃疾病中10例肿瘤标志物为阳性(阳性率为14.28%),50份正常对照血清有1例血清肿瘤标志物为阳性(特异性为98%)。试验还发现部分胃癌患者血清中出现NSE,HGH,PSA,f-PSA。结论多肿瘤蛋白芯片的应用,对胃癌患者的术前肿瘤良恶性的判定有一定的临床应用价值。     

巨噬细胞移动抑制因子在妇科恶性肿瘤中的表达

目的观察妇科恶性肿瘤患者血清、腹腔液中巨噬细胞移动抑制因子(MIF)的表达及其与恶性肿瘤的相关性。方法选择术前未行任何治疗的妇科恶性肿瘤患者46例作为实验组(卵巢癌21例,子宫恶性肿瘤25例),良性肿瘤患者24例为对照组。ELISA法检测术前肘静脉血、术中腹腔液的MIF浓度。同时测定血清血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)及CA125浓度。结果实验组腹腔液MIF的浓度(21.98±11.27 ng/ml)与对照组(13.85±8.11 ng/ml)相比差异显著(P<0.01);而血清MIF浓度(分别为5.13±3.53 ng/ml和3.42±2.06 ng/ml)无明显差异(P>0.05)。卵巢癌患者腹腔液和血MIF的浓度(26.26±11.46 ng/ml,5.52±3.04 ng/ml)分别与良性卵巢肿瘤(11.10±6.68 ng/ml,2.92±1.90 ng/ml)相比,均有显著差异(P<0.001,P<0.01);腹腔液与血清中MIF浓度有相关(r=0.5821,P<0.01);腹腔液MIF浓度与血CA125有关联(r=0.6649,P<0.05),与血清VEGF也相关(r=0.405,P<0.05)。子宫恶性肿瘤患者腹腔液和血清MIF的浓度(18.20±8.67 ng/ml和4.68±3.24 ng/ml)与子宫肌瘤(17.24±6.32 ng/ml和2.8±2.20 ng/ml)相比,均无差异(均P>0.05)。结论卵巢癌患者腹腔液与血清均有MIF表达,而腹腔液MIF呈高表达,可能与CA125类似,主要源于肿瘤组织。MIF与VEGF可能存在互相诱导分泌的关系。     

CA-125水平测定与卵巢肿瘤诊断和治疗效果的关系

目的:探讨卵巢恶性肿瘤患者CA-125水平与临床诊断、治疗效果及预后的关系。方法:对53例卵巢肿瘤患者血清CA-125水平、彩色超声检查、手术所见、病理检查结果进行综合分析。结果:10例卵巢良性肿瘤患者血清CA-125水平<35 U/m l者5例,35~100 U/m l者5例;41例卵巢恶性肿瘤患者血清CA-125水平<35 U/m l者5例,35~100 U/m l者10例,100~500 U/m l者11例,>500 U/m l者15例。经统计学分析,卵巢肿瘤患者的血清CA-125水平与卵巢肿瘤的性质有显著差异。结论:血清CA-125水平测定与卵巢肿瘤的性质、大小、瘤体血供、预后及治疗效果关系密切,与彩色超声检查等影像学配合检查有助于提高卵巢恶性肿瘤的诊断率。     

血清和腹腔液CA125测定与子宫内膜异位症诊断的相关分析

目的:探讨不孕症患者术前血清及术中腹腔液CA125浓度与诊断子宫内膜异位症(EM)的关系。方法:对129例因疑输卵管性不孕而行腹腔镜或宫腹腔镜联合手术的患者,于术前抽取血清,术中抽取腹腔液测CA125浓度。根据血清CA125值分为<10U/ml、10-15U/ml、16-34U/ml和≥35U/ml4组,分析各组血清和腹腔液中CA125浓度与EM诊断的相关性。结果:血清CA125水平<10U/ml和≥16U/ml时,EM的诊断符合率分别为9.09%和89.55%,两组比较有显著差异(P<0.01)。腹腔液<800U/ml和≥800U/ml的EM诊断符合率分别为19.23%和94.80%,两组比较有显著差异(P<0.01)。血清CA125≥10U/ml结合腹腔液CA125≥800U/ml的诊断符合率为93.42%。结论:血清CA125≥10U/ml结合腹腔液CA125≥800U/ml对EM的诊断有重要参考价值。     

五加皮Age蛋白在正常小鼠与荷瘤小鼠体内的组织分布

目的探讨五加皮抗肿瘤成分A ge蛋白在正常小鼠与荷瘤小鼠体内的组织分布。方法用氯胺T法对A ge蛋白进行125I标记(形成125I-A ge),由尾iv小鼠后,于不同时间取组织和血液标本,测定放射cpm比值。以放射参与量(即脏器与血液中cpm比值)作为125I-A ge在组织中分布的依据。结果在一次性快速iv125I-A ge 2 h后,正常小鼠和荷瘤小鼠体内均以肾脏中125I-A ge的分布量最高,肝脏和肺部放射参与量也较高,与心脏、脾脏等其他脏器相比差异有显著性(P<0.01);尿中125I-A ge的量很高。iv同等剂量125I-A ge后,荷瘤小鼠的肾脏、肝脏和肺部组织的放射参与量比正常小鼠偏高(P<0.05)。结论五加皮A ge蛋白在小鼠体内主要分布于血流丰富的组织,主要通过泌尿系统排泄,不易透过血脑屏障。     

Serial changes in N-isopropyl-p[125I]-iodoamphetamine in mouse lung observed with a confocal laser scanning microscope

Serial changes in N-isopropyl-p[125I]-iodoamphetamine (125I-IMP) in mouse lungs were observed with a confocal laser scanning microscope. Male mice were intravenously injected with 125I-IMP and subjected to autoradiographic procedures 20 minutes, and 3 and 24 hours after injection. Differential interference contrast (DIC) images and confocal images were obtained with a confocal laser scanning microscope, and superimposed images were evaluated. Large numbers of silver grains were observed in the interstitium, bronchioles, and alveolar sacs 20 minutes after the injection, and lamellar distribution of the grains was observed on the ciliary surface. The numbers of silver grains in the interstitium and bronchioles had decreased 3 hours after the injection of 125I-IMP, but the numbers of silver grains in the alveolar spaces had not. Although small numbers of silver grains remained in both the bronchioles and alveolar sacs 24 hours after the injection, most of them had washed out. Confocal laser scanning microscopy is considered to be a useful procedure for studying the distribution of radioisotopes by microautoradiography, because it allows clear autoradiographs to be obtained in which tissues and silver grains are perfectly matched and all silver grains are in focus.     

A Highly Specific and Sensitive Radioimmunoassay of Caerulein,An Analogue of Cholecystokinin-8

Abstract

A highly specific and sensitive competitive radioimmunoassay was developed for caerulein (CLN), an analogue of cholecystokinin-8 (CCK-8), in plasma and brain. Antiserum was produced in rabbit by immunization with Nδ-[CLN-(1-6)]-ornithine amide conjugated with bovine serum albumin by the glutaraldehyde method. Nα-[CLN-(1-6)]-lysine amide was labelled with ¹²⁵I-Bolton & Hunter reagent and used as a labelled antigen after purification by high-performance liquid chromerography. This assay was highly specific for CLN, and cross reactivities for other related peptides, CCK-4, CCK-8, gastrin-I, and gastrin-(14–17), were not observed (<0.01%). The limits of determination in biological specimens after CLN administration were 11 pg/ml in human plasma and rat plasma and 80 pg/g in rat brain. This study showed that the slight structure difference between hapten and ¹²⁵I-labelled antigen is important to the assay performance.