各种肝病患者血清TGFα含量与肝细胞损害的关系研究

目的 :探讨转化生长因子α(Transforminggrowthfactor aplha ,TGFα)在各种肝病患者中的变化规律及其与肝细胞损害的关系。方法 :采用非平衡竞争性放射免疫法测定 172例各种肝病患者血清中TGFα含量。结果 :慢性中度肝炎、急性黄疸肝炎、慢性重度肝炎、肝硬化失代偿期、原发性肝癌患者血清TGFα含量分别为 12 .12± 7.35pg ml、14.19± 7.30 pg ml、15 74±9 6 5pg ml、16 .0 2± 9.18pg ml、19.89± 9.0 9pg ml,逐渐升高 ,明显高于对照组 6 .86± 0 .89pg ml(P <0 .0 5)。肝硬化失代偿期与代偿期组间差异有显著性 (P <0 .0 5)。结论 :血清TGFα含量明显升高对原发性肝癌的诊断有帮助。TGFα与各种肝病肝细胞的再生、分化、增殖以及损害有一定的关系。     

32例恙虫病患者肾损害临床分析

目的：探讨恙虫病肾损害的临床特点。方法：从收治的１２８例恙虫病中选取有肾损害的３２例进行临床分析。结果：本组病例除具有恙虫病特征性的临床表现外,均有浮肿、尿少、尿蛋白、尿中红细胞,血压升高,ＵＮ及Ｃｒ升高等肾损害表现,发生率为４０％,使用特效抗菌药物及保肾治疗后,疗效满意。结论：加强对恙虫病肾损害的认识,可减少误诊误治。     

Benzodiazepine binding sites in alcoholic cirrhotics: evidence for gender differences

Synaptic plasma membranes were prepared from superior frontal gyrus and motor cortex obtained at autopsy from 17 chronic alcoholics not differentiated on thiamine status, of whom 8 had pathologically confirmed cirrhosis of the liver, and 10 controls. Three of the cirrhotic alcoholic cases were female, as was one control. Cases were closely matched for age at death and post-mortem delay. The affinity of central-type benzodiazepine sites for [³H]diazepam tended to be lower in both brain regions of both groups of alcoholics ofcf controls, but the reverse was true for [³H]flunitrazepam, especially in cirrhotic cases. [³H]Diazepam affinity was invariant across all males and the female control, but lower in the female cirrhotic alcoholics. Affinity for [³H]flunitrazepam tended to be the reverse of that for [³H]diazepam. [³H]Diazepam B_max was markedly lower in female cirrhotic alcoholics, especially in superior frontal gyrus, whereas this region showed a much higher B_max in the female control case. A small regional difference in [³H]flunitrazepam B_max was the reverse of that for [³H]diazepam B_max and was seen in all groups. GABA-mediated neurotransmission may be selectively altered in a pathologically abnormal region of cerebral cortex in cirrhotic alcoholics, and the sexes may show differing susceptibilities to change.     

Effect of adeno-tonsilectomy on hearing threshold and middle ear pressure

Out of 50 children (100 ears) undergoing adeno-tonsillectomy, 34 ears had hearing threshold 20–50 dB (20dB is normal) and 32 ears showed negative middle ear pressure of 100 to 400 mmH₂O (100 mmH₂O is normal). Post-operatively only 7 ears had hearing threshold of 20–30 dB and negative middle ear pressure of 100 to 200 mmH₂O. Thus adenoidectomy improves eustachian tube functions.     

Epidemiology of chronic suppurative otitis media and deafness in a rural area and developing an intervention strategy

Of 613 children evaluated in a village in Haryana 94 (15.3%) were observed to have chronic suppurative otitis media (CSOM). Fifty eight (61.7%) children had hearing impairment. CSOM contributed to 71.6% of the hearing impaired (58/81). On analysis of association of CSOM with literacy and socio-economic status of mothers, and age, sex, and upper respiratory tract infections (URI) in children positive correlation was observed only with URIs (P<0.001). Literacy and socio-economic status of the mothers did not correlate significantly with knowledge about treatment seeking, and ear cleaning practices, probably due to the narrow range of incomes and literacy levels. An intervention program consisting of play, demonstrations, health charts and slogans, and aural cleaning and antibiotic drops was introduced.     

铬结合物在铬中毒性肝损害中的作用

目的了解各种铬结合物与肝损害的关系。方法在铬中毒性肝损害的大鼠模型中,采用ＳｅｐｈａｄｅｘＧ５０凝胶层析技术,对肝中铬结合物进行分离和测定。结果铬染毒大鼠肝组织中,除可检出高分子铬结合物（ＨＭＷＣｒ,相对分子质量（ＭＷ）７００００～１２５００）及低分子铬结合物（ＬＭＷＣｒ,ＭＷ１２５００～５００）外,还发现对照组未检出的小分子铬结合物（ＭＭＷＣｒ,ＭＷ＜５００）。随染毒时间延长,肝损害加重,三者肝中分布变化明显：ＨＭＷＣｒ由２２．２％增至３７．０％;ＭＭＷＣｒ由２．２％增至５．０％;ＬＭＷＣｒ则从７５．６％降至５８．０％。结论ＬＭＷＣｒ可能与铬的解毒有关;ＭＭＷＣｒ的出现并增多反映了机体形成ＬＭＷＣｒ能力的紧张;ＭＭＷＣｒ可能是攻击靶器官的主要活性因素。     

高晶体-高胶体渗透压溶液对受机械性损伤的海马神经细胞容积的影响

观察机械性损伤的海马神经细胞在不同浓度高晶体－ 高胶体渗透压溶液中容积的变化。取原代培养大白鼠胚胎的海马神经细胞,用超声波机械损伤细胞后暴露于含０．５ ｇ／Ｌ、１ ｇ／Ｌ和２．５ ｇ／Ｌ氯化钠的细胞培养基中１５ ｍ ｉｎ。结果显示机械性损伤的细胞明显肿胀（Ｐ＜ ０．０５）。当细胞暴露于不同浓度的高晶体－ 高胶体溶液１５ ｍ ｉｎ 后, 细胞容积与同一实验时间的对照值相比明显下降, 并保持至第７ ｄ （Ｐ＜ ０．０５）。表明受到机械性损伤的海马神经细胞在高晶体－ 高胶体渗透压环境中的容积调节功能丧失或减弱。     

牛磺酸对小鼠脾细胞DNA损伤的影响

目的探讨牛磺酸对紫外线所致小鼠脾细胞ＤＮＡ损伤的影响。②方法小鼠饲料中分别添加牛磺酸、维生素Ｃ（ＶｉｔＣ）和维生素Ｅ（ＶｉｔＥ）喂养１１２ｄ后,荧光法（ＦＡＤＵ法）检测小鼠脾细胞ＤＮＡ链的断裂程度,并与对照组比较。③结果紫外线照射前,小鼠脾细胞ＤＮＡ链断裂程度各组间差异无显著性（Ｆ＝０．８７５６,Ｐ＞０．０５）;紫外线照射后,牛磺酸、ＶｉｔＣ,ＶｉｔＥ各组脾细胞ＤＮＡ双链剩余率高于对照组,差异均有显著性（Ｆ＝２０．４５,ｑ＝３．０１～４．０８,Ｐ均＜０．０５）。④结论牛磺酸可减轻紫外线对小鼠脾细胞ＤＮＡ分子的损伤。     

二硫化碳作业女工早期胚胎损伤的剂量反应关系

目的 探讨女工二硫化碳（ＣＳ２）接触水平与胚胎早期发育障碍之间的剂量－反应关系。方法 前瞻观察生育女工妊娠所需的月 经周期数;收集每个月经周期胚胎植入期尿样,检测绒毛膜促性腺激素含量;监测女工作业地点ＣＳ２浓度。结果 ２５７名接触组经临床确诊妊娠的女工,各月经周期妊娠机率低于３６６名对照组女工,时间妊娠率随女工ＣＳ２接触水平（ＣＳ２接触浓度以ＣＳ２接触工龄）升高而降低：妊娠率＝０．７０３３－０．０     

新生儿缺氧缺血性脑损伤亚低温干预大鼠模型的建立

为探讨不同疗程亚低温对新生儿脑损伤的保护作用,建立新生儿缺血缺氧性脑损伤亚 温干预大鼠模型,先在７日龄清洁级ＳＤ大鼠上以右颈总动脉结扎术和吸入低氧浓度气体法制备缺血缺氧性脑损伤（ＨＩＢＤ）模型,再将其随机分为室温恢复组（ＲｏＴ组,ｎ＝４４）和３种疗程（２４ｈ,４８ｈ,７２ｈ）的亚低温干预组（Ｈｙ２４组,ｎ＝２６,Ｈｙ４８组,ｎ＝１４,Ｈｙ７２组,ｎ＝２０）。亚低温干预期间采用配方奶喂养,并监测脑温