Injectable platelet-rich fibrin as treatment for temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis: A randomized controlled clinical trial

The purpose of this study was to assess the treatment outcomes of intraarticular injection of injectable platelet-rich fibrin (i-PRF) after arthrocentesis in patients with temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis (TMJ-OA). Patients were randomly assigned to one of two treatment groups: those who received intraarticular injection of i-PRF after arthrocentesis procedure – the i-PRF group; and those who underwent the arthrocentesis procedure alone – the control group. The primary outcome variable was pain, the level of which was measured preoperatively and at 1, 2, 3, 6, and 12 months postoperatively. The secondary outcome variables included maximum mouth opening (MMO), and lateral and protrusive movements. Of the total of 36 patients, 18 were analyzed in the i-PRF group and 18 in the control group. There were significant differences between the groups in terms of pain levels and measurements of MMO, lateral movement, and protrusive movement over the 12 months of follow-up (p < 0.001). Significant increases in pain levels and decreases in measurements of MMO, lateral movement, and protrusive movement were observed in the control group from the 6th to 12th month postoperatively (p < 0.001). In contrast, no significant differences were found in both pain levels and measurements of MMO, lateral, and protrusive movements for the i-PRF group from the 2nd to the 12th month postoperatively. Within the limitations of the study it seems that intraarticular injection of i-PRF after arthrocentesis should be preferred whenever appropriate because when reducing pain intensity and improving functional jaw movement is the priority.     

Long-term motor practice induces practice-dependent modulation of movement-related cortical potentials (MRCP) preceding a self-paced non-dominant handgrip movement in kendo players

Effects of long-term motor practice on movement-related brain activities were investigated by measuring from the scalp, movement-related cortical potentials (MRCP) associated with self-paced right (dominant) and left (non-dominant) brisk handgrip movements with a 20% maximal voluntary contraction (MVC) in 8 elite kendo players (kendo group) and 8 healthy young adults (control group). The kendo players had engaged in regular practice since childhood. Three components of MRCP were obtained from all subjects. These components relating to the preparation (Bereitschaftspotential: BP and negative slope: NS′) and initiation (motor potential: MP) of the movements were compared between the two groups. The BP onset time for a non-dominant handgrip task was significantly earlier in the control group than in the kendo group. Moreover, BP onset time appeared significantly earlier preceding the non-dominant handgrip task as compared with the dominant one only in the control group. Furthermore, MP amplitudes in the kendo group were significantly larger than in the control group. These findings suggest that long-term motor practice affects brain activities, leading to practice-dependent modulations in the cortical areas involved in the preparation and initiation of self-paced non-dominant handgrip movements in kendo players.     

Saccades during symmetrical vergence

Background When the eyes verge symmetrically along the median plane from far to near (convergence) or near to far (divergence), small saccades often occur. The current study aimed to: (i) characterize saccades during symmetrical vergence, (ii) describe the chronometry of saccade relative to that of vergence, and (iii) determine whether saccades mediate prefrontal control of vergence. Methods In Experiment 1, we recorded horizontal saccades during vergence in ten normals using an infrared tracker. Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) was delivered over dorsolateral prefrontal cortex to assess its contribution in saccade production. In Experiment 2, saccades during vergence were recorded in horizontal and vertical planes in two other normals using a video-based tracker. Results Horizontal saccades, either pure or oblique (Exp.1), occurred in 84.0% of trials, 58 ms after vergence onset, and averaged 1.5° in amplitude. An idiosyncratic directional bias to the right was found for the rate and the latency of saccades. Prefrontal TMS had no influence on any saccade parameter. Pure horizontal, pure vertical and oblique saccades (Exp.2) occurred, respectively, in 60.4%, 72.4% and 25.4% of trials, 168 ms, 121 ms and 146 ms after vergence onset, averaging 1.1°, 1.2° and 1.5° in amplitude. Conclusions Chronometry of saccades during vergence suggests that they do not participate to vergence triggering, and that prefrontal control of vergence previously reported was not mediated by saccades.     

埋线疗法治疗肠易激综合征的临床观察

目的观察埋线疗法、药物疗法治疗肠易激综合征的临床疗效。方法将60例肠易激综合征患者，采用分层随机对照法分为治疗组和对照组，每组30例。治疗后比较两组疗效。治疗组取天枢、上巨虚和中脘、足三里交替使用，对照组给予口服匹维溴胺50mg（腹泻型）或西沙比利5mg（便秘型），每日3次。结果治疗组治愈率、总有效率明显高于对照组，经统计学处理，两组间差异具有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。结论埋线疗法治疗肠易激综合征有较好的疗效。     

220例眼眶骨折患者复视的临床分析

目的研究眼眶骨折患者的视力和复视的临床特点。方法观察220例(245眼)患者视力、眼球运动、复视情况,通过眼眶CT观察骨折的部位、范围及眼外肌嵌顿情况。结果骨折侧矫正视力≥1.0的有157眼,<1.0的有88眼,其中<0.3的有23眼。单纯眶壁骨折和复合性骨折的骨折侧视力两者的差异有显著性(P<0.05);195例患者中,149例(76.4%)患者有复视,其中Ⅰ级复视27例,Ⅱ级复视39例外,Ⅲ级复视83例;192只骨折侧眼球(78.4%)存在眼球运动障碍,其中Ⅰ级运动障碍91眼,Ⅱ级运动障碍68眼,Ⅲ级运动障碍33眼;单纯眶壁骨折和复合性眼眶骨折的骨折侧视力差异有显著性(P<0.05),两者的复视和眼球运动障碍存在显著差异(P<0.05)。结论眼眶骨折造成视力下降、复视和运动障碍,复合性骨折的复视程度和运动障碍比单纯眶壁骨折严重。     

DIT与BOLD-fMRI技术对屈光不正性弱视皮层损害机制的研究

目的基于大脑各皮层区的功能动力学特征受到皮层间及皮层外解剖结构连接制约的观点,探讨屈光不正性弱视视觉皮层功能损害与胼胝体、视辐射发育不良的关系。方法利用弥散张量成像(DTI)及纤维跟踪技术(DTT)比较30例屈光不正性弱视患者与30例正常人胼胝体、视辐射各向异性分数(FA)值和平均弥散系数(DCavg)值,及神经纤维投射方式;并对屈光不正性弱视组和正常组各10例行血氧水平依赖的功能性磁共振成像(BOLD-fMRI),分别在平面与立体图刺激下比较视皮层激活水平。结果与正常组比较,屈光不正性弱视组背侧视皮层区域激活范围与强度显著低于正常组,胼胝体体部DCavg值显著高于正常组,视辐射FA值显著低于正常组,连接枕叶与顶枕联合皮层的胼胝体纤维数与视辐射纤维数明显减少。结论胼胝体后部和视辐射发育不良,视皮层神经元活动减少或神经元同步化活动减少可能是弱视视皮层功能损害的主要机制。     

The effect of vertical gaze position on ocular tear film stability

Background: An enlarged exposed ocular surface area is known to degrade tear film stability. Little is known of how tear film stability alters with vertical gaze and the change of palpebral fissure height Methods: Tear film break‐up time (TBUT; fluorescent dye) and palpebral fissure height were measured in three vertical gaze positions (primary position and 20 degrees up and 20 degrees down) on 23 healthy volunteers. The effect of gaze direction on TBUT was analysed by ANOVA. Results: Gaze had a significant influence on tear film stability [F(2,44) = 27.6, p < 0.001]. In up‐gaze with an enlarged palpebral fissure height (11.1 ± 1.4 mm), TBUT was degraded (17.3 ± 12.7 seconds). In down‐gaze and decreased palpebral fissure height (6.7 ± 1.2 mm) TBUT was extended (43.5 ± 35.4 seconds). Conclusion: Ocular tear film stability alters with vertical gaze. Our hypothesis is that the change of the palpebral fissure height and the exposed ocular surface area alters the thickness of the lipid layer and with it tear film evaporation.     

脑梗塞部位对肢体功能康复影响的比较分析

目的:比较分析不同部位脑梗塞对脑梗塞患者肢体功能康复的影响。方法:采用Barthel指数(BI)与美国国立卫生研究院卒中量表(NI HSS)对2006年入住青岛市李沧区第三医院的64名首次发病的脑梗塞患者治疗前后进行评估,比较左侧半球脑梗塞、右侧半球脑梗塞、双侧半球和/或脑干梗塞3组患者Barthel指数与NI HSS量表评估得分。结果:3组患者经治疗后,Barthel指数与NI HSS量表评分较治疗前均明显改善,均P<0.05,但Barthel指数与NI HSS量表评分的改善3组之间比较无显著性差异(P>0.05)。结论:不同部位脑梗塞患者经治疗后肢体运动功能及日常生活活动能力均有改善。     

莫达非尼对REM睡眠剥夺后大鼠认知功能及突触可塑性的影响*

目的：探讨新型中枢性兴奋剂莫达非尼对不同程度快速动眼（REM）睡眠剥夺与睡眠恢复后大鼠认知功能和大鼠海马突触可塑性的影响。方法：成年雄性SD大鼠随机分为莫达非尼组与对照组,每组分5个不同的REM睡眠剥夺和恢复时间点（SD1d,SD3d,SD5d,SD5d/RS6h,SD5d/RS12h）,采用改良多平台水环境REM睡眠剥夺法进行REM睡眠剥夺,利用Y迷宫测定大鼠学习记忆能力,运用蛋白质免疫印记（Western Blot）技术对大鼠海马突触素（SynapsinⅠ）蛋白作选择性半定量分析,免疫组织化学和电镜观察的方法分析大鼠海马CA3区SynapsinⅠ的表达,观察突触可塑性变化。结果：莫达非尼组的错误反应次数（EN）在REM睡眠剥夺后小于对照组,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）,睡眠恢复后两组EN比较,差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）,总反应时间（TRT）两组比较,差异也无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。Western Blot结果显示SD1d,SD3d,SD5d/RS6h和SD5d/RS12h时莫达非尼组Syn- apsinⅠ表达比对照组增多（P〈0.05）,SD5d时两组SynapsinⅠ表达无显著差异（P〉0.05）,免疫组化结果与其一致;电镜下观察SD1d时莫达非尼组的突触联系、突触前膜囊泡数量均较对照组增加。结论：REM睡眠剥夺会引起大鼠认知功能下降,大鼠海马CA3区SynapsinⅠ表达降低,而莫达非尼可以抑制睡眠剥夺后SynapsinⅠ的表达减少,诱导大鼠海马突触可塑性变化,可改善REM睡眠剥夺后的认知行为。