Position-Sensitive Bulk and Surface Element Analysis of Decorated Porcelain Artifacts

Non-destructive characterization of decorated porcelain artifacts requires the joint use of surface-analytical methods for the decorative surface pattern and methods of high penetration depth for bulk-representative chemical composition. In this research, we used position-sensitive X-ray Fluorescence Spectrometry (XRF) and Prompt-gamma activation analysis (PGAA) for these purposes, assisted by 3D structured-light optical scanning and dual-energy X-ray radiography. The proper combination of the near-surface and bulk element composition data can shed light on raw material use and manufacturing technology of ceramics.     

连翘苷与牛血清白蛋白的相互作用

目的研究连翘苷与牛血清白蛋白（BSA）的相互作用。方法采用荧光光谱法测定不同温度（302K、310K）时连翘苷对BSA的猝灭光谱,根据Stern-Volmer方程求得302K、310K时连翘苷与BSA相互作用的荧光猝灭速率常数kq,并计算二者的结合位点数n。结果 302K、310K时连翘苷与BSA相互作用的荧光猝灭速率常数kq分别为1.26541×10^12L/（mol·s）,1.24196×10^12L/（mol·s）,二者的结合位点数n分别为0.9410、1.0395。结论连翘苷对BSA荧光的猝灭属静态猝灭,两者之间形成了一个结合位点。     

系统性红斑狼疮158例ANA荧光核型与ANA谱分析

目的 探讨抗核抗体（ANA）荧光核型与ANA谱对系统性红斑狼疮（SLE）患者的诊断价值.方法 对SLE组158例及非SLE组104例分别用间接免疫荧光法（IIF-ANA）和线性免疫印迹法（LIA-ANA）进行抗核抗体荧光核型、双链DNA及11项ANA谱分析.结果 SLE抗核抗体阳性率（〉1：100）为98.10%（155/158）,荧光核型以颗粒型、均质型为主,分别63.29%（100/158）、36.70%（58/158）,其次为浆颗粒型9.49%（15/158）,其中混合型占14.56%（23/158）.对ANA谱进行特异性与敏感性分析,抗Sm抗体是SLE特异性最强的一个指标（100%,104/104）,其次为组蛋白抗体（-Hi）、核糖体P蛋白抗体（-Rib）、核小体抗体（-Nud）及双链DNA抗体（-dsDNA）,特异性分别为99.04%（103/104）、99.04%（103/104）、98.08%（102/104）、98.08%（102/104）,P〈0.05.SLE组核均质型主要表现为-dsDNA、-Nud、-Hi、-SSA（P〈0.05）;核颗粒型主要表现为-dsDNA、-Nud、-nRNP/sm（P〈0.05）;核点型主要表现为着丝点B蛋白抗体（-CENP-B）（P〈0.05）;核仁浆颗粒混合型主要表现为Rib（P〈0.05）.结论 ANA谱靶抗原能精确到SLE疾病具体的靶抗体,特异性强;抗核抗体检测涵盖SLE现所已知与未知的种种靶抗体,敏感性强,两者联合检测、综合性分析可互为补充,有助于SLE的诊断与鉴别诊断,并可有效提高疾病诊断的特异性与敏感性.     

水溶性硫硒化镉量子点纳米颗粒对小鼠皮肤渗透性的影响

[目的]研究水溶性硫硒化镉（CdSeS）量子点纳米颗粒对小鼠皮肤渗透性的影响。[方法]在雄性ICR鼠背部脱毛部位涂抹直径约为5nm,发光波长为620nm的量子点O．32nmol,利用荧光显微镜和透射电镜对施药皮肤部位显微观察皮肤渗透性。[结果]荧光显微像显示量子点能够堆积在皮肤的表皮层中和真皮层的毛囊和腺体中,透射电镜显示量子点附着在皮肤表面和吸附在角质细胞的两侧。[结论]量子点纳米颗粒对小鼠皮肤具有一定渗透性,而且随着施加量子点溶液时间加长,渗透量略有增加,但是主要聚集在皮肤表面和角质层细胞的两侧。     

FISH技术诊断自然流产胚胎染色体数目异常的实验研究

目的 探讨荧光原位杂交（FISH）技术在诊断自然流产胚胎染色体数目异常的应用价值.方法 用FISH技术对770例自然流产胚胎绒毛组织13、16、18、21、22、X及Y染色体数目进行检测.结果 770例标本FISH检测全部成功,胚胎染色体数目异常342例（44.42％）.异常标本中非整倍体259例（75.73％）,三倍体67例（19.59％）,四倍体12例（3.51％）,嵌合体4例（1.17％）.检出最多的染色体数目异常类型为16三体（29.54％）,其次为X单体（15.51％）,其他比例较高异常类型为22三体（14.05％）、69,XXY（9.94％）、69,XXX（9.65％）、21三体（7.32％）及13三体（4.39％）.孕妇既往自然流产次数、孕妇年龄与染色体数目异常无明显关系（P＞0.05）.结论 染色体数目异常是导致自然流产的重要因素之一,FISH技术是检测染色体数目异常的有效方法,对自然流产病因诊断、再次妊娠指导具有重要意义.     

2013年昆明市2899例妇科宫颈糜烂患者人乳头瘤病毒检测分析

目的 研究昆明地区2013年度宫颈糜烂患者中高危型人乳头瘤病毒（HR-HPV）和低危型人乳头瘤病毒（LR-HPV）的感染情况,为本地区宫颈癌的预防提供依据.方法 利用荧光定量PCR技术对2 899例宫颈糜烂患者和375例正常对照组的宫颈分泌物样本进行HPV-DNA检测,所得数据用SPSS软件进行分析.结果 2899例宫颈糜烂患者样本,检出HR-HPV感染988例,感染率34.08％; LR-HPV 214例,感染率7.38％,双重感染56例,占感染总人数的4.89％;正常对照组375例样本中,检出HR-HPV感染41例,感染率10.93％;LR-HPV11例,感染率2.93％;2组间HR-HPV与LR-HPV的感染率差异有统计学意义（x^2=82.54,P＜ 0.005;x^2=10.26,P＜0.005）.25岁以前年龄组和55岁以后年龄组高危HPV感染率明显增高,25岁以前年龄组与其它年龄组HR-HPV感染率比较差异有统计学意义（x^2=43.89,P＜0.005）.宫颈糜烂轻、中、重度各组间HPV感染率有非常明显的差异,随着糜烂程度的加深,HPV感染率增高显著,并以HR-HPV感染为主.结论 本地区宫颈糜烂患者中HPV感染率较高,与宫颈糜烂程度密切相关,以高危型HPV为主,有明显的年龄分布特征。     

隐原性癫痫的病因学研究

采用现代影像学、电生理学、神经化学和免疫学技术等综合方法,对353例隐原性癫痫的病因进行了研究.研究结果,120例行颅脑CT检查,发现可导致癫痫发作的各种器质性病变35例,占29.17%.81例行体感诱发电位(SEP)与听觉诱发电位(AEP)检查,发现SEP和AEP异常分别为27例,占33.33%.分别对24例行脑脊液3-甲氧基-4-羟基苯乙二醇(MHBG)、5-羟吲哚乙酸(5-HIAA)和高香草酸(HVA)高效液相色谱分析,发现MHBG、5-HIAA和HVA三项指标都有显著改变.100例行血清免疫球蛋白、补体C_3、E玫瑰花环形成率和淋巴细胞转化率检查,结果均有明显改变.脑组织的器质性病变提示隐原性癫痫有其发病的组织学基础.脑诱发电位异常提示脑生物电活动的功能改变,它可由CT所见或难以分辨的脑组织病变所致,也可由局部脑组织代谢障碍所致.MHBG、5-HIAA和HVA的改变提示该病的发作与脑内单胺类神经递质有关.补体C_3的升高,提示该病的发作与补体介导的免疫反应有关.     

高效液相色谱法测定血中伊立替康及活性代谢物SN-38浓度

目的：建立高效液相色谱法同时测定结直肠癌患者血中的伊立替康（CPT-11）及其活性代谢物7-乙基-10-羟基喜树碱（SN-38）的浓度,并对我院基因型指导给药方案进行评价。方法：以2μg·mL-110-羟基喜树碱作为内标,先用100μL 10%高氯酸沉淀蛋白,再用50μL 10%高氯酸酸化血浆。采用Agilent ZORBAX Eclipse C8色谱柱（4.6 mm×150 mm,5μm）对CPT-11和SN-38进行分离;以0.05 mol·L-1的磷酸二氢钠-乙腈-三乙胺（75∶25∶0.1,v∶v,磷酸调pH 3.0）为流动相;荧光检测波长：激发波长380 nm,发射波长550 nm。结果：人血浆中CPT-11和SN-38线性范围均为3~1000 ng·mL-1,定量下限为3 ng·mL-1;准确度分别是98.5%和100.0%;回收率分别是83.8%和84.3%。结论：本方法可靠、简便、快速,可为伊立替康个体化给药提供参考。     

Measurement Of Angiotensinogen In Human Serum By Fluorescence Polarization Immunoassay

Fluorescence polarization immunoassay (F.P.I.A.) has rarely been used to measure components of the renin system. Using an Abbott TDX polarimeter and fluorescein - labelled angiotensin I as a tracer we measured angiotensin I by F.P.I.A. Combining this procedure with a renin incubation step enabled measurement of angiotensinogen in human serum. Using sera from male patients and from pregnant females, a good correlation between radioimmunoassay (R.I.A.). and F.P.I.A. was found. Two procedures were developed; one involving taking samples from the renin incubation mixture, the other involving measurement of generated angiotensin I at intervals without interrupting the renin incubation procedure. F.P.I.A. is less expensive and somewhat simpler than R.I.A. but, with the instrument used, it     

Renal Vein Immunoreactive Renin in Patients with Renal Artery Stenosis and Essential Hypertension

In 36 patients with unilateral renal artery stenosis and in 24 with essential hypertension the plasma levels of total immunoreactive renin, and enzymatically active renin were measured in both renal veins (V) and in the aorta (A) by direct RIA by using monoclonal renin antibodies. Active renin and trypsin-activatable inactive renin were also measured by indirect RIA with angiotensin-I antibodies. The V/A ratio for the different forms of renin calculated from the results of direct and indirect RIA were not different. The V/A ratio of active renin for the kidney with the stenotic artery was 3.04 ± 0.28 (mean ± sem) with direct and 3.02 ± 0.25 with indirect RIA. The contralateral ratio was 1.04 ± 0.02 with the direct and 1.05 ± 0.02 with the indirect RIA. In essential hypertension it was 1.28 ± 0.04 with direct RIA and 1.28 ± 0.04 with indirect RIA.

Chronic treatment with captopril had no influence on this ratio in both patients groups. The V/A ratio of total immunoreactive renin was lower than that of active renin and this ratio had lost discriminative power for lateralization. This ratio was significantly greater than one on the affected side in renal artery stenosis but not contra laterally and in essential hypertension. This study shows that renin activity after trypsin-activation of plasma is an accurate measure of the total renin concentration, i.e. active renin plus prorenin. It also shows that a kidney with a stenotic artary secretes inactive renin, which is immunologically related to active renin and is likely to be prorenin.

Direct RIA for measuring active renin is technically more simple than indirect RIA. Direct RIA however is somewhat less sensitive. For measuring the V/A ratio for active renin in patients with renal artery stenosis this can be overcome by stimulating the renin-angiotensin system for instance by captopril.