大剂量地塞米松及SOD在实验性脑损伤中的治疗作用

大剂量地塞米松和ＳＯＤ是外伤性脑继发性损害药物治疗的新方案。本实验在豚鼠局灶性脑损伤模型上试用该两种药物，通过脑含水量、灶周伊文斯兰渗出、血ＣＫ、Ｃａ和ＬＤＨ含室及光镜和电镜病理检查等指标。     

格拉斯哥评分的纯数学意义及临床评估价值

总结１０２２例颅脑外伤进行格拉斯哥评分的实践实验，从纯数学意义上评价了评分在临床上的应用价值。指出格拉斯哥评分各参数之间只有１５种组合最常见且有临床价值。数学分析表明运动反应最有决定性意义；同时指出格拉斯可评分对患者预后判断有重要评估价值。评分的不足之处在于不能反映瞳孔改变和脑干症状。     

An approach to fractures of the midface: An interactive tutorial

Purpose: To describe an educational computer aided instruction program dealing with diagnosis and classification of facial fractures. Methods: A program was created for use on Macintosh computers using a graphic presentation package. This program allows for the display of high resolution digitized radiographic images and illustrations, along with integrated voice and text information. Users can interact with the program to review complex concepts or study additional cases. Case material was obtained from selected high quality plain radiographs and computed tomography (CT) scans obtained in the trauma center of one institution, and was scanned on a high resolution digital scanner with image parameters optimized for viewing on the Macintosh high resolution color monitor. Results: The program has been installed in the computer aided instructional laboratories or trauma centers at The University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston; The University of Alabama, Birmingham; Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia; and The University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill. The program is available to radiology residents and medical students rotating on the trauma radiology services at these institutions. Completion of the program requires 30–45 minutes. Conclusion: Based on our initial experience, the program has been used by residents in the training programs of all institutions with favorable results.     

颈阔肌的应用解剖

用手术显微镜对50例成人的颈阔肌作了观察和测量。将每侧颈部分为9个区,颈阔肌位于前6区。肌的内侧界约相当于颏舌骨连线中点稍下到锁骨胸骨端稍外侧处的连线,左右侧肌夹有40°角;外侧界为下颌角稍后到锁骨肩峰端内侧3cm处的连线;下界在第一肋间隙平面,有的肌下份出现一些较宽的裂隙;上界在下颌骨体,并与某些表情肌相连续。肌的面积约150cm~2,锁骨上部约占120cm~2。后份肌纤维略呈S形弯曲。肌与深层结构联系较松。本文还对面神经和颈丛与颈阔肌有关的分支,进行了观察。对和颈面部临床应用等有关的问题进行了讨论。     

汽车安全气囊所致的眼外伤

目的：报告了因汽车安全气囊造成的眼外伤及化学性烧伤。希望引起眼科同仁的高度重视．方法：４例病人均是进口高档小卧车，在发生碰撞时因汽车安全气囊高速膨胀打开及气囊破裂所致的眼损伤及化学烧伤．分析了汽车型号及种类，事故发生时的速度，眼损伤的类型和视力情况．结果：第一例病人为碱性化学性角膜炎伴虹膜根部离断及瞳孔括约肌破裂而造成瞳孔扩大；第二例病人为近视镜片致角巩膜板层撕裂伤；第三例病人为广泛角膜擦伤伴前房出血；第四例病人为视网膜水肿出血伴后极部脉络膜裂伤．结论：安全气囊能保护生命降低致伤率，但因气囊的冲击力量引起的机械损伤和气囊中强碱性气体导致的化学烧伤更要引起国内眼科医生的注意．     

不同湿热环境下颅脑火器伤死亡因素分析

目的　研究高温高湿环境下颅脑火器伤后生命体征变化特点及死亡因素。　方法　杂种猫 3 2只随机分为 4组 ,火器伤后分别放入A (2 5℃、相对湿度 50 % )、B (3 5℃、相对湿度85% )、C(3 8℃、相对湿度 90 % )、D(40℃、相对湿度 95% )四种环境中。每隔 10min记录一次血压、脉搏、呼吸频率及体温 ,到 6h时结束实验。　结果　常温枪伤组实验过程中生命体征稳定 ,随着温度及湿度的增加 ,各组动物相同时相点的体温、呼吸及心率均明显不同 (P <0 .0 5)。A组、B组动物在伤后 6h内均无死亡。C组 1.5h开始死亡 ,至 5h动物全部死亡 ,平均生存时间为 3 .4h。D组 0 .5h开始死亡 ,至 2 .5h动物全部死亡 ,平均生存时间为 2 .0h。　结论　高温高湿环境对颅脑火器伤时的生命体征变化和死亡率影响显著     

Patients seeking symmetrical recontouring for “Perceived” deformities in the width of the face and skull

This article describes plastic surgery patients who sought symmetrical recontouring of the width of the face and skull. The basic demographic and personality characteristics of these facial width deformity (FWD) patients and the surgical procedures performed on them are discussed. Details of the surgical and psychological management of three representative cases are given. Speculative conclusions regarding the general characteristics of the FWD population are offered. Suggestions are proposed for a combined surgical-medical psychotherapeutic collaboration in managing these patients.     

骨盆骨折合并阴道损伤（附5例报告）

报告5例女性骨盆骨折合并阴道损伤，占骨盆骨折41例中的12.2%,均为交通事故伤，都合并有失血性休克，开放伤3例，闭合伤2例，治疗作阴道修补术2例，用碘仿纱条填塞阴道2例。未作处理1例，均治愈，阴道损伤表现为四型；横行撕裂伤，纵行撕裂伤，斜行撕裂伤和刺伤，强调早期诊断，及时治疗以防止合并症。     

5名电离辐射事故患者外周血T细胞T细胞抗原受体、T细胞分化抗原决定簇－3效应的研究

文中报道了５名事故性急性骨髓型放射病患者照后２．５和３．５年外周血Ｔ淋巴细胞Ｔ细胞受体（ＴＣＲ）基因，ＴＣＲ、Ｔ细胞分化抗原决定簇－３（ＣＤ_３）表达与ＴＣＲ／ＣＤ_３复合物功能的辐射效应．发现５名患者于照后２．５年，２名（５．２Ｇｙ和２．４Ｇｙ，５５岁）于照后３．５年外周血Ｔ细胞应答抗ＣＤ３单抗刺激而增殖的能力尚未完全恢复；经同时用ＩＬ－２和抗ＣＤ_３单抗刺激，增殖能力比单用抗ＣＤ_３单抗刺激有所增强；后２名的外周血ＴＣＲ、ＣＤ_３阳性细胞百分率一直低于正常对照和其他患者；并见一患者出现ＤＮＡ重排杂交带型．本文并从ＴＣＲ／ＣＤ_３在介导Ｔ细胞抗原刺激反应中的作用，电离辐射对ＴＣＲ／ＣＤ_３复合物的影响，后果和意义等方面进行了讨论．