Long-term results of open reduction for residual subluxation in congenital dislocation of the hip: A new open reduction method involving 360° circumferential capsulotomy

We report satisfactory results with a new operative treatment, conducted via an extensive anterolateral approach, involving 360 degree circumferential capsulotomy, for residual subluxation in congenital dislocation of the hip (CDH). Long-term radiographic results of this procedure (group A) were compared retrospectively with the results of partial capsulotomy (group B), which preserved the posteroinferior joint capsule. The mean center edge angle in group A (22.5°) was greater than that in group B (16.0°). Satisfactory results were achieved in 11 of 15 hips (73%) (Severin class I or II) in group A, and in 5 of 12 hips (42%) in group B. These results suggest that whole circumferential capsulotomy can remove obstacles to complete reduction, and that acetabular development can be expected in hips reduced by the procedure, without the performance of innominate osteotomy. We believe that our technique is a useful alternative for the treatment of residual subluxation in CDH.     

Posterior dislocation of the sternoclavicular joint: report of two cases,with emphasis on radiologic management and early diagnosis

Posterior dislocations of the sternoclavicular joint are uncommon, but are potentially quite serious. Radiologic diagnosis and management are frequently difficult. The specialized projections available are not widely known, and the role of plain films is poorly understood. The incidence, pathomechanics, and clinical manifestations of such dislocations are presented and the radiologic diagnosis is discussed.     

Ischemic necrosis of the entire femoral head and rapidly destructive hip disease: potential causative relationship

 Objective. Rapidly destructive hip disease (RDHD) is an uncommon disorder of the hip that has been considered a disease of unknown cause and distinct from ischemic necrosis of the femoral head. The objective of this study was to investigate ischemic necrosis of the femoral head as one potential cause of RDHD. Design and patients. In 600 patients who underwent MR imaging of the hip, 20 cases of ischemic necrosis involving the entire femoral head in 18 patients (3%) were retrospectively studied with routine radiography and MR imaging. All patients had surgically confirmed ischemic necrosis of the femoral head. Results and conclusions. All patients showed rapid destruction of the femoral head on routine radiography and MR imaging as compared with the gradual onset of clinical symptoms. Plain radiographs showed several bone fragments at the inferomedial aspect of the femoral head (75%), acetabular erosions (55%), eccentric depression at the lateral articular surface of the femoral head conforming to the adjacent acetabulum (35%), and mild osteoarthritis (15%). Bone sclerosis was often present at sites of impaction between the femoral head and the acetabulum. MR imaging showed marked distention of the joint capsule in all cases. In 14 of 20 cases, the contents of the joint space showed predominantly low or intermediate signal intensity on T1- and T2-weighted images. Ischemic necrosis involving the entire femoral head may represent one of the causes of RDHD.     

Retardation of pain development: a case of recovery from congenital insensitivity to pain

Congenital analgesia is a rare genetic disorder. We report here that a 12-year-old boy was able to recover from congenital insensitivity to pain. Neurological examinations revealed that there was a 'stocking' distribution of pain decrement on the lower extremities under the patient's knee joints. Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) of his brain showed gyrus thinning with sulcus widening at both sides of the parietal lobe. Southern blot hybridization probed with cDNAs of various opioid receptors did not detect any significant abnormality. Our results suggest that this rare case may not be genetically determined.     

羟基磷灰石涂层人工股骨柄的临床应用

自１９８９年１２月～１９９３年１１月，共收治各类髋关节病１４例（１５髋），均行ＦＵＲＬＯＮＧ羟基磷灰石（ＨＡ）涂层人工髋关节置换术。术后平均随访３２个月，髋关节功能按Ｈａｒｉｓ评分结果为平均９５分。无患肢疼痛和其它不适症状，亦无术后并发症发生。Ｘ线结果显示，股骨侧假体无松动、下沉表现，周围未见明显透亮线。术后３个月假体表面出现增生性骨反应，并在术后３～４年内逐渐增加。无明显骨萎缩表现。结合实验及临床研究结果，证明此种髋假体应用的短期疗效令人满意，其长期疗效尚有待进一步观察。     

全髋置换术对下肢短缩的治疗

目的：探讨全髋关节置换术对肢体短缩的纠正。方法：2000年2月～2002年12月,将30例接受单侧全髋关节置换术的患进行了研究：男19例,女12例。术前通过临床及对骨盆前后位X线片的测量评估双下肢不等长的程度,然后利用模板预测髋臼及股骨假体的置入位置，估计股骨颈的截骨水平以维持双下肢等长。术中先标记并测量股骨近端至髋臼上方两标记之间的距离，而后在术前估计的位置进行股骨颈截骨。置入假体试模之后再次测量两标记之间的距离和检查髋周软组织的张力、关节活动和drop-kick试验。最后通过调整股骨头假体颈部或头部长度进一步进行纠正。结果：22例肢体短缩2cm以上的病人中。术后双下肢等长(双下肢相差在1cm内)20例，2例仍有短缩，1例短3cm，另1例短1．5cm。8例肢体短缩在1～2cm的病人术后肢体完全等长。全部病人没有髋关节的僵硬和疼痛，活动范围恢复75％以上26例，恢复50％～75％4例。结论：通过术前测量评估，术中定位测量。术中软组织充分松解，置入假体试模后再次测量和检查髋周软组织的张力、关节活动和drop-kick试验,可以有效地治疗下肢的短缩。     

闭合复位治疗婴幼儿发育性髋脱位的疗效观察

Objectives To retrospectively review the results of closed reduction for developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH), and analyze the causative for the dissatisfactory results of radiolagieal. Methods From 1997 to 2005 the results of closed reduction for DDH in 60 children (77 hips) over 4.5 years period were retrospectively reviewed. Radiological final results of the patients were evaluated with Severin classification. The causative factors made from medical records and radiographs were used to make statistical analysis. Results Seventy-three percent of the patients (56/77) had satisfactory results according to Severin classification. Twenty-one hips classed as SeverinⅢ-Ⅴ. Seventeen of the 21 hips had a reconstructive procedure. Avaseular necrosis was observed in 29 hips (38%). The most important parameters affecting the result were age at reduction (P ＜ 0. 05) and avascular necrosis (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions In order to achieve better clinical and radioiogical results, the infants suffering from the DDH should be treated in the early stage. The postoperative avascular necrosis usually leads to poor prohnosis.     

Dislocation of an upper third molar into the maxillary sinus after a severe trauma: a case report

Abstract – Dental injuries are common following facial trauma. This article presents a rare injury: the dislocation of a third molar into the maxillary sinus after complex mandibular and maxillary tuberosity fractures. The possible mechanism and clinical treatment are discussed.     

A Comparative Study on the Close Reduction of Arytenoid Dislocation under Indirect and Direct Laryngoscope

To assess the curative effects of different reduction techniques on the dislocation of cricoarytenoid joint caused by intubation,indirect laryngoscope (IL) and direct laryngoscope (DL) were utilized for the closed reduction of the displaced arytenoid under local anesthesia.23 patients who underwent the reduction for dislocated arytenoid under IL or DL from January 1991 to June 2001 were reviewed.The data were collected on the duration of the laryngeal injury,times of receiving reduction,side-effects after the treatment and the period for voice to returen to normal.The relationship between the duration of the laryngeal lesion and the period of the voice rehabilitation was examined.13 patients received the reduction under IL and 10 patients under DL,Except the times of the reduction,which showed significant difference,no differences were found between IL group and DL group in the course and the period of voice rehabilitation,as well as sore throat after the manipulation.The patients‘ voice recovery was positively related to their course of disease in both IL and DL group.It is coucluded that the recovery of normal voice is obviously affected by the duration of arytenoid dislocation.The reduction under Il is as effective as under DL in the treatment of arytenoid dislocation.Reduction by DL is better suit the patients with long time course of disease.