Behavior Patterns of Coronary Heart Disease Patients and Healthy Controls in China

Abstract

Studies of the behavior patterns in coronary heart disease (CHD) have begun in China. A survey of 714 CHD patients, 424 controls, and 220 relatives of the CHD patients was conducted in 18 provinces and municipalities. It showed that scores on Type A Behavior Pattern (TABP) tests were much higher for CHD patients than for controls. Scores for mental workers were higher than for physical workers, but there were no significant differences when scores were broken down by age and sex.     

北京市社区老年人潜在不适当用药的调查分析

目的 调查北京市社区老年人潜在不适当用药(potentially inappropriate medication,PIM)现状.方法 采用自我报告方式,收集北京市社区215名老年人用药信息,根据2019版美国老年人PIM标准(Beers criteria for PIM use in older adults,Beers标准)和中国老年人潜在不适当用药判断标准(中国PIM标准)评价并做描述性分析.结果 根据2019版Beers标准发现66人(30.7%)存在84例次PIM,其中中枢神经系统药物(36例次)、血液系统药物(14例次)、内分泌系统药物(11例次)导致的PIM最多;采用中国PIM标准发现53人(24.7%)存在73例次PIM,前三位分别为:中枢神经系统药物(31例次),血液系统药物(17例次),解热、镇痛、抗炎与抗风湿药(17例次).结论 社区老年人PIM发生率较高,特别是中枢神经系统和血液系统用药需要引起关注.Beers标准和中国PIM标准可相互补充,且需不断更新完善.     

A propensity-matched analysis of clinical outcomes between open thyroid lobectomy and high-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) ablation of benign thyroid nodules

Background

High-intensity focused ultrasound is a promising, nonoperative treatment for benign thyroid nodules. Our study aimed to compare treatment outcomes of single-session high-intensity focused ultrasound ablation with open lobectomy after propensity score matching.

Genetic variants of DNA repair pathway genes on lung cancer risk

As is commonly perceived, polymorphisms in genes of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) repair pathway plays a fundamental role in defective DNA repair and mutagenesis prevention and serves to contribute to the individual susceptibility to the development of a variety of cancers. Recently, an increasing number of studies have been dedicated to the contentious and ambiguous links between polymorphisms in genes of DNA repair pathway and lung cancer (LC) risk. In response, a comprehensive updated meta-analysis has been proposed herein to assess the correlation between polymorphisms of DNA repair pathway genes and susceptibility to LC. This paper has identified and retrieved eligible articles from PubMed, Google Scholar, Web of Science, and CNKI databases till February 20, 2019. Finally, 295 case-control studies as to the fourteen polymorphisms of DNA repair pathway genes were enrolled. When the results have been pooled, we have brought to light the conclusion that ERCC2-rs13181 polymorphism has an elevated association with LC risk under allele, heterozygote, and dominant comparisons. In the subgroup analysis by ethnicity, we have found that the Caucasian individuals with “B” variant possess risk of LC which was more than twice as much as allele, homozygote, and recessive models. In comparison, Asian carriers of rs13181 polymorphism in ERCC2 gene are more susceptible to LC in heterozygote, dominant models. To sum up, ERCC2-rs13181 polymorphism could be a critical factor in stimulating LC evolvement. Future studies with a larger sample size and multivariate factors are needed to vindicate these findings.     

Galectin-3 may serve as a marker for poor prognosis in colorectal cancer: A meta-analysis

Galectin-3 has an important function in the development of tumors. The purpose of this meta-analysis was to explore the relationships between the expression of galectin-3 on clinicopathological features and prognosis of colorectal cancer (CRC). A comprehensive literature search was used to identify eligible studies, and Stata software was conducted using in this meta-analysis. A total of 15 studies, including 1661 cases, were matched in the inclusion criteria. The pooled analysis indicated that galectin-3 expression was related to the poor overall survival (OS) in CRC patients (HR: 1.77, 95% CI: 1.36–2.31, P < 0.0001). Our meta-analysis also showed that cancerous tissues have higher levels of galectin-3 expression than normal tissues. Besides, positive galectin-3 expression was also related to advanced TNM stages(III/IV vs. I/II: OR 5.30, 95% CI: 2.42–11.61, P < 0.0001), higher Duke’s stages (C/D vs. A/B: OR 4.00, 95% CI: 2.22–7.22, P < 0.0001), venous invasion (venous invasion vs. not: OR 3.02, 95%CI: 1.75–5.22, P < 0.0001) and higher CEA level (CEA≥5 ng/ml vs. ≤ 5 ng/ml: OR 2.09, 95% CI: 1.09–4.03, P = 0.03). In summary, our results indicated that overexpression of galectin-3 is significantly related to the tumor progression and could be a efficient in predicting the prognosis of patients with CRC.     

葡萄糖激酶W257R突变致青少年发病的成人型糖尿病一家系分析

青少年发病的成人型糖尿病（MODY）是一类以常染色体显性模式遗传的单基因疾病，临床表现以无症状、轻度空腹血糖升高为特征，很少出现糖尿病并发症。本文报道一例中国人群中葡萄糖激酶（GCK）基因新发W257R突变所致的MODY。在先证者及父亲、弟弟中均发现GCK基因（Chr744187343）第7号外显子的杂合突变c.769T>C（p.W257R）。该家系中W257R突变在中国人群中为首发。     

股骨近端不同平面皮质骨厚度值、X射线灰度值与女性髋部脆性骨折的相关性

文题释义：脆性骨折：是指在无创伤或较微创伤情况下引起的骨折，一般是指在平地或人体站立高度下活动过程中发生的骨折，X射线下常可见骨骼有骨质疏松征象，也称为骨质疏松性骨折。 髋部骨折：是指发生在髋部及周围的骨折，包括股骨颈骨折、股骨转子间骨折、转子间骨折及髋臼骨折等，是骨质疏松性骨折最常发生的骨折部位，患者常因高龄且伴有基础疾病而1年内死亡率可达50%，5年存活率为20%。 背景：随着人口老龄化，脆性骨折疾病受到临床越来越多的关注，骨密度值的单独使用已经不能满足临床对脆性骨折的风险评估。目前骨皮质厚度作为评估脆性骨折发生风险的新方向和新方法之一，受到越来越多学者的研究和讨论。 目的：探讨在X射线DR摄影下，股骨近端不同平面骨皮质厚度值、X射线灰度值与50岁以上女性髋部脆性骨折的相关性，以此探寻股骨近端不同平面中，用于预测女性髋部脆性骨折发生风险最合适的测量平面。 方法：依照纳入标准收集2018年7月至2019年6月在广西医科大学第九附属医院放射科行X射线DR骨盆正位片检查的50岁以上女性患者100例的相关临床资料。所有患者对试验方案均知情同意，且得到医院伦理委员会批准。股骨近端骨皮质厚度值的测量平面设计为股骨颈中段、小转子上1 cm以内和小转子下1 cm以内，共3个测量平面。X射线灰度值测量以大转子和小转子的中点连线作为矩形对角线取矩形区域测量。 结果与结论：①50-64岁年龄组记为A组，65岁及以上年龄组记为B组，每组各50例；② B组患者的小转子上1 cm以内和小转子下1 cm以内平面的骨皮质厚度值、X射线灰度值比A组低，骨折率比A组高，差异均有显著性意义(P < 0.05)；而股骨颈中段平面的骨皮质厚度值2组间比较差异无显著性意义(P > 0.05)；③骨皮质厚度值的测量平面比较，骨皮质厚度测量值在整体上由高到低依次为小转子下1 cm以内、小转子上1 cm以内和股骨颈中段平面，差异有显著性意义(P < 0.05)；④观察对象小转子下1 cm以内及小转子上1 cm以内骨皮质厚度值、X射线灰度值、年龄，与脆性骨折相关系数依次为-0.303，-0.205，-0.272及0.346(P < 0.05)，但股骨颈中段平面皮质骨厚度与脆性骨折无明显相关性(P > 0.05)；⑤A组中骨折和非骨折患者小转子上1 cm以内和小转子下1 cm以内测量平面的骨皮质厚度值比较差异有显著性意义(P < 0.05)；B组中骨折和非骨折患者各指标比较差异均无显著性意义(P > 0.05)；在50岁以上的所有患者中，骨折和非骨折患者各测量平面的骨皮质厚度值和X射线灰度值的比较差异均有显著性意义(P < 0.05)；⑥说明骨皮质厚度值变薄，X射线灰度值变小，则髋部脆性骨折可能性变高。利用股骨近端骨皮质厚度评估50岁以上女性髋部脆性骨折风险时，推荐在股骨小转子下1 cm以内平面进行测量。 ORCID: 0000-0003-1961-7468(覃海阔) 中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：人工关节；骨植入物；脊柱；骨折；内固定；数字化骨科；组织工程