自拟通芪汤治疗原发性支气管肺癌104例

[目的]观察自拟方通芪汤治疗原发性支气管肺癌的临床疗效。[方法]将169例原发性支气管肺癌患者随机分为两组,治疗组104例,给予口服通芪汤治疗,对照组65例,给予口服消癌平片治疗,连服3个月后比较疗效。[结果]治疗组治疗后,瘤体缓解率75.96%,临床症状改善率85.58%,对照组治疗后,瘤体缓解率66.15%,临床症状改善率75.38%,两组疗效比较,差异有显著性(P<0.01)。[结论]自拟方通芪汤疗效显著,且无毒副作用。     

Improving triage accuracy through a modified nurse-administered emergency department assessment of chest pain score on patients with chest pain at triage (EDACT): A prospective observational study

BackgroundChest pain triage in our emergency department (ED) prioritize patients for consultation based on unstructured nursing gestalt. The Emergency Department Assessment of Chest Pain Score (EDACS) identifies patients at low-risk for major adverse cardiac events and may provide standardization for chest pain triage in ED.MethodsWe conducted a prospective observational study, including adult patients with chief complaint of chest pain who were self-conveyed. We aimed to evaluate the overall diagnostic performance of a modified EDACS in triaging these patients.ResultsData was collected over 6 weeks, with 284 patients included in the final analysis. Nursing gestalt had higher sensitivity (97.6%, 95% confidence interval [CI] 87.4% to 99.9% versus EDACS 45.2%, 95% CI 29.8% to 61.3%), while modified EDACS provided higher specificity (76.4%, 95% CI 70.6% to 81.6%, versus nursing gestalt 29.8%, 95% CI 24.1% to 35.9%). EDACS with electrocardiogram had significantly better area under the receiver operating characteristic curve statistic (0.712; 95% CI 0.631 to 0.793) than EDACS alone (0.608; 95% CI 0.528 to 0.689) and nursing gestalt (0.637; 95% CI 0.600 to 0.674) (p = 0.0324).ConclusionsFurther studies should explore if modified EDACS, together with nursing gestalt, can improve triage accuracy for ED patients with chest pain.     

Digital thoracic drainage: a new system to monitor air leaks in pediatric population

Introduction

New digital thoracic drainage systems allow an objective measurement of air leakage. They have proven their usefulness in the postoperative thoracic surgery in adults, but there is little experience with its use in the pediatric population. The objective of our study is to analyze their safety and effectiveness in the postoperative period of the pediatric patients.

Are risk factors necessary for pretest probability assessment of coronary artery disease? A patient similarity network analysis of the PROMISE trial

BackgroundPretest probability (PTP) calculators utilize epidemiological-level findings to provide patient-level risk assessment of obstructive coronary artery disease (CAD). However, their limited accuracies question whether dissimilarities in risk factors necessarily result in differences in CAD. Using patient similarity network (PSN) analyses, we wished to assess the accuracy of risk factors and imaging markers to identify ≥50% luminal narrowing on coronary CT angiography (CCTA) in stable chest-pain patients.MethodsWe created four PSNs representing: patient characteristics, risk factors, non-coronary imaging markers and calcium score. We used spectral clustering to group individuals with similar risk profiles. We compared PSNs to a contemporary PTP score incorporating calcium score and risk factors to identify ≥50% luminal narrowing on CCTA in the CT-arm of the PROMISE trial. We also conducted subanalyses in different age and sex groups.ResultsIn 3556 individuals, the calcium score PSN significantly outperformed patient characteristic, risk factor, and non-coronary imaging marker PSNs (AUC: 0.81 vs. 0.57, 0.55, 0.54; respectively, p ?< ?0.001 for all). The calcium score PSN significantly outperformed the contemporary PTP score (AUC: 0.81 vs. 0.78, p ?< ?0.001), and using 0, 1–100 and ?> ?100 cut-offs provided comparable results (AUC: 0.81 vs. 0.81, p ?= ?0.06). Similar results were found in all subanalyses.ConclusionCalcium score on its own provides better individualized obstructive CAD prediction than contemporary PTP scores incorporating calcium score and risk factors. Risk factors may not be able to improve the diagnostic accuracy of calcium score to predict ≥50% luminal narrowing on CCTA.     

基于胸部CT分析基线骨骼肌含量对ICU患者预后的影响

目的 探讨危重患者入ICU时基线骨骼肌含量与病情危重程度及预后的相关性。方法 纳入在ICU治疗时间≥48 h的危重患者79例,测量其入ICU时胸部CT第七胸椎（T7）水平横断面胸肌面积（PMA）,分析PMA与90 d病死率、90 d内生存率、28 d内非ICU生存日数、28 d内无机械通气生存日数、ICU病死率、院内病死率等指标的相关性。结果 在校正性别、危重症营养风险评分、 Charlson共病指数、血红蛋白等因素后,基线PMA较大患者90 d病死率更低,90 d内生存率更高,28 d内非ICU生存日数更多,院内病死率也更低,与基线PMA较小患者比较差异均具有统计学意义（P均< 0.05）。结论 危重患者入ICU时的基线骨骼肌含量可用于预测病情严重程度、需要体外生命支持和ICU治疗的时间和临床预后。     

胸部弹性固定带在防治乳腺癌术后并发症中的应 用

目的探讨胸部弹性固定带在防治乳腺癌术后并发症中的临床效果。方法将180例乳腺癌患者分为实验组和对照组，每组各90例，实验组患者的切口使用胸部弹性固定带进行包扎，对照组患者切口使用常规的绷带加压包扎。观察两组患者切口愈合情况及并发症发生率。结果实验组患者切口的I期愈合率明显高于对照组（P〈0．05），术后并发症发生率明显低于对照组（P〈0．05）。结论对于乳腺癌患者，术后使用胸部弹性固定带进行包扎，可明显提高患者切口愈合率，降低并发症发生率，值得临床推广。