气象因素对北京市顺义区居民心脑血管疾病影响的研究

目的：探讨气象因素与顺义区居民心脑血管疾病发病的关系。方法：调查１９９３年１月１日至１９９７年１２月３１日５年内在顺义区医院住院的心脑血管疾病病例,并搜集同期顺度区的日气象资料。使用ＦＯＸＢＡＳＥ建立数据库,采用ＳＰＳＳ７．５统计软件进行冠心病等四个病种的发病与气象条件的单因素相关及多元逐步回归分析。结果：冠心病的发病与日平均气温呈线性负相关（－０．０７６）,与气压呈正相关（０．０８８）,日增压幅     

依达拉奉对心肺复苏后脑水通道蛋白-4表达的影响

目的 探讨大鼠心肺复苏后脑水通道蛋白-4(AQP4)表达与脑水肿动态变化的关系,评价依达拉奉的干预作用.方法 72只雄性SD大鼠随机分为4组:正常对照组(A组,6只),假手术组(B组,6只),复苏组(C组,按ROSC后1 h,6 h、12 h、24 h、72 h各时点分5亚组,各6只),依达拉奉处理组(D组,亚组同C组),复苏即刻予以依达拉奉干预.分别测定脑组织含水量,免疫组化法检测其AQP4蛋白表达,行神经功能缺损评分(neurodeficit score,NDS)及脑组织病理形态学观察.结果 C组大鼠ROSC后脑组织含水量呈上升趋势,24 h达高峰,各时点均高于B组(P<0.01).AQP4表达呈现与脑含水量同样趋势改变,积分光密度(iOD)、显色面积比(△S)增加(P<0.01),相关性分析表明iOD(r=0.858,P<0.01)、AS(r=0.870,P<0.01)与脑组织含水量呈正相关.与C组相比,依达拉奉干预处理后脑组织含水量明显下降(P<0.05);AQP4蛋白iOD、△S显著下调(P<0.01);病理学损伤程度减轻,NDS评分显著提高(P<0.05).结论 大鼠心肺复苏后脑AQP4表达上调,与脑水肿变化正相关,AQP4可能参与心肺复苏后脑水肿形成.依达拉奉可抑制AQP4表达,减轻大鼠心肺复苏后脑水肿,具有脑保护作用     

Novas perspetivas para a abordagem dos efeitos cardiovasculares dos inibidores da tirosinacinase em doentes com leucemia mieloide crónica

The use of tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) for the treatment of chronic myeloid leukemia has significantly altered the prognosis of this disease, enabling close to normal life expectancy.Despite their undeniable benefits, the use of TKIs is associated with an increased risk of side effects on the cardiovascular system, particularly of atherothrombotic events. It is therefore necessary to understand and prevent the adverse effects of these drugs, in order to enable antileukemic therapy to continue and to minimize patients’ toxic exposure.This multidisciplinary consensus document, developed through a collaboration between hematologists and cardiologists, aims to review the cardiovascular toxicity associated with various TKIs and to establish recommendations for the follow‐up of these patients. Measures are also proposed for the assessment and reduction of cardiovascular risk in these patients and referral criteria, and relevant drug interactions are discussed.     

盐城市某医院2010～2011年中药注射剂应用分析

目的 分析医院中药注射剂的药物使用情况,探讨用药特点,为临床合理用药提供参考.方法 统计分析盐城市某院2010~2011年中药注射剂用药情况,比较中药注射剂的品种、年销售金额、用药频度、排序比等.结果 该院2010~2011年中药注射剂的销售金额、用量以及品种主要分布于心脑血管系统用药和补益用药中,心脑血管系统中药注射剂2010年和2011年销售总金额分别为1 457.36万元和1 248.59万元;分别占当年中药注射剂总销售金额的49.1%和45.51%.结论 该院心脑血管系统中药注射剂临床应用广泛,用药前景良好,中药注射剂在中医理论指导下使用较为规范合理.     

Cardiovascular side effects of cancer therapies: a position statement from the Heart Failure Association of the European Society of Cardiology

The reductions in mortality and morbidity being achieved among cancer patients with current therapies represent a major achievement. However, given their mechanisms of action, many anti-cancer agents may have significant potential for cardiovascular side effects, including the induction of heart failure. The magnitude of this problem remains unclear and is not readily apparent from current clinical trials of emerging targeted agents, which generally under-represent older patients and those with significant co-morbidities. The risk of adverse events may also increase when novel agents, which frequently modulate survival pathways, are used in combination with each other or with other conventional cytotoxic chemotherapeutics. The extent to which survival and growth pathways in the tumour cell (which we seek to inhibit) coincide with those in cardiovascular cells (which we seek to preserve) is an open question but one that will become ever more important with the development of new cancer therapies that target intracellular signalling pathways. It remains unclear whether potential cardiovascular problems can be predicted from analyses of such basic signalling mechanisms and what pre-clinical evaluation should be undertaken. The screening of patients, optimization of therapeutic schemes, monitoring of cardiovascular function during treatment, and the management of cardiovascular side effects are likely to become increasingly important in cancer patients. This paper summarizes the deliberations of a cross-disciplinary workshop organized by the Heart Failure Association of the European Society of Cardiology (held in Brussels in May 2009), which brought together clinicians working in cardiology and oncology and those involved in basic, translational, and pharmaceutical science.     

C‐C Chemokine Receptor 2 Expression by Circulating Monocytes Influences Atherosclerosis in Patients on Chronic Hemodialysis

Mortality from cardiovascular or cerebrovascular disease due to atherosclerosis is increased in patients on chronic hemodialysis. Monocyte chemoattractant protein‐1 and its receptor, C‐C chemokine receptor 2, play an important role in recruiting monocytes to atherosclerotic lesions. The relationship between atherosclerosis in hemodialysis patients and C‐C chemokine receptor 2 expression is unknown. Fifty‐six patients on chronic hemodialysis and 27 age‐ and sex‐matched controls were enrolled. Serum levels of monocyte chemoattractant protein‐1 and expression of C‐C chemokine receptor 2 by circulating monocytes were determined. Atherosclerosis was evaluated from the carotid intima‐media thickness and cardio‐ankle vascular index. Serum levels of monocyte chemoattractant protein‐1 and expression of C‐C chemokine receptor 2 by monocytes were significantly higher in the hemodialysis patients than the controls. Multiple regression analysis showed a positive correlation between receptor expression and both indexes of atherosclerosis. C‐C chemokine receptor 2 expression by circulating monocytes influences atherosclerosis in patients on chronic hemodialysis.     

脂肪乳剂逆转布比卡因心肌毒性中线粒体凋亡途径相关蛋白的变化

目的检测脂肪乳剂逆转布比卡因心肌毒性作用中线粒体凋亡通路相关蛋白的变化,探讨脂肪乳剂逆转布比卡因心脏毒性的可能机制。方法日龄1~3d的健康SD大鼠乳鼠,取其心室肌进行体外原代培养,用含有布比卡因的培养基培养24h来建立心肌细胞布比卡因中毒模型。实验分组:空白对照组(C组)、布比卡因组(B组)、布比卡因+脂肪乳剂组(BL组)。采用流式细胞仪检测细胞凋亡情况,采用Western blot法检测细胞内细胞色素C(cytochrome C,Cyto-C)和活化的casepase-3蛋白含量。结果与C组比较,B组和BL组细胞凋亡率明显升高,且B组明显高于BL组(P0.05)。与C组比较,B组和BL组Cyto-C和活化的casepase-3含量均明显升高(P0.05),且B组明显高于BL组(P0.05)。结论脂肪乳剂可能通过抑制线粒体Cyto-C释放,降低casepase-3激活来调节细胞凋亡,从而发挥保护心肌细胞的作用。