高压氧对家兔面神经撞击伤后面神经核内生长相关蛋白变化的影响(论著)

目的：研究面神经撞击伤后面神经核内生长相关蛋白（ＧＡＰ－４３）的变化及高压氧（ＨＢＯ）治疗的影响。方法：利用ＢＩＭ－Ⅱ型生物撞击机致家兔右侧面神经干损伤，应用ＳＰ免疫组化染色法观察损伤后１、３、７、１４和２１天（分别用ＨＢＯ治疗及不用ＨＢＯ为对照）面神经核内ＧＡＰ－４３的变化，并用电镜观察面神经干超微结构变化。结果：面神经损伤第１天，伤侧面神经核区ＧＡＰ－４３样免疫反应性神经元（ＧＬＩＮ）开始增多，第１４天其增多达到高峰，第２１天逐渐下降。ＨＢＯ治疗组伤后不同时期ＧＬＩＮ的增多明显高于对照组。伤后第２１天，与对照组相比ＨＢＯ组面神经干电镜观察可见较多的新生髓鞘。结论：ＨＢＯ治疗可使伤后面神经核内ＧＬＩＮ增多，因而有助于面神经损伤后的修复与再生。     

核仁形成区嗜银蛋白定量对结肠癌分型、分级的诊断意义

对１１４例不同类型和级别的结肠癌进行银染核仁形成区嗜银蛋白（Ａｇ－ＮＯＲｓ）形态定量研究．结果表明，Ａｇ－ＮＯＲｓ数量、大小和分布在结肠未分化癌和印戒细胞癌组与管状腺癌和粘液腺癌组比较，有明显差异．管状腺癌随分化程度的降低，Ａｇ－ＮＯＲｓ的数量、形态、大小和分布也发生等级性变化．结果提示，Ａｇ－ＮＯＲｓ形态定量的数量、形态、大小和分布４项指标对结肠癌分型有一定意义，对管状腺癌分级有较好的诊断价值。     

肝豆状核变性RFLP连锁分析的建立及症状前诊断和杂合子检出的研究

ＲＢ１基因位于ＤＩ３ｑ１４－２１，与Ｗｉｌｓｏｎ氏病基因紧密连锁，遗传距离为４．４ｃｍ（ｃｅｎｔｉｍｏｒｇａｎ），其３＇端第１７号内含子中ｐ６８ＲＳ２．０标记的等位片段与白种人相同，但基因频率存在差异，杂合子频率为４３％。应用该标记对１１个ＷＤ家系进行ＲＦＬＰ连锁分析，检出３名症状前患者，１１名杂合子及３名正常纯合子，证实ｐ６８ＲＳ２．０标记可用于Ｗｉｌｓｏｎ氏病的症状前诊断及杂合子筛选。     

病理性损伤因素对肾小管上皮细胞表型转化的影响

目的 :观察低血清、高糖、高蛋白刺激下肾小管上皮细胞向间叶性细胞的表型转化 ,探讨损伤的肾小管上皮细胞在肾小管间质纤维化中的作用。方法 :以体外培养的人近端肾小管上皮细胞为对象 ,分别用含低血清(0 .2mol·L-1小牛血清 )、高葡萄糖 (4.5 g·L-1)、高白蛋白 (15 g·L-1)的培养液培养 7d ,透射电镜检测细胞形态变化 ;免疫组化和Westernblot检测细胞表型改变 ,包括CK、Vimentin、α SMA、Ⅰ和Ⅲ型胶原 ,原位杂交检测Ⅰ型胶原mRNA表达 ,同时检测细胞TGFβ1蛋白表达。 结果 :低血清、高糖、高蛋白直接刺激下 ,肾小管上皮细胞出现明显形态学改变 ,包括细胞变为长梭形 ;透射电镜下细胞内线粒体明显减少 ,粗面内质网明显增加 ,并出现actin样微丝。免疫组化染色和Westernblot显示CK表达明显减弱 ,Vimentin、Ⅰ、Ⅲ型胶原、α SMA和TGFβ1表达增强。原位杂交显示Ⅰ型胶原mRNA表达增强。结论 :低血清、高糖、高蛋白可直接引起人近端肾小管上皮细胞TGFβ1表达增加 ,并发生向间叶性细胞的表型转化     

人骨髓间充质干细胞体外分化为雪旺样细胞的方法

目的 :建立人骨髓间充质干细胞体外向雪旺样细胞定向诱导分化的方法。方法 :取健康人骨髓血标本 ,利用percoll(密度为 1.0 73 g·ml-1)分离骨髓单个核细胞 ,在DMEM LG + 10 % (体积分数 )FBS中培养 ,通过流式细胞术对培养细胞进行表型测定 ,对第 2、3、5、8代间充质干细胞进行定向诱导分化 ,用单抗S 10 0、神经胶质纤维酸性蛋白 (glialfibrillargacidicprotein ,GFAP) ,通过免疫组化方法对诱导的细胞进行鉴定。 结果 :经 percoll分离的间充质干细胞可传 16代 ,细胞数增加了大约 6× 10 7倍。流式细胞术结果显示 :percoll分离出来的未经培养的细胞 ,其CD2 9+CD4 4 +CD3 4 -CD4 5 -细胞数为 3 2 .4 7%± 3 .4 9% ,而培养后贴壁细胞中CD2 9+CD4 4 +CD3 4 -CD4 5 -细胞数为 94 .3 8%± 1.5 0 %。诱导后免疫组化染色结果显示 :由 β ME +bFGF预诱导、β ME +bFGF诱导的S 10 0阳性细胞最多 ,可达 90 %± 4 % ,GFAP阳性细胞为 2 1%± 5 %。结论 :人骨髓中间充质干细胞能定向诱导分化成雪旺样细胞。     

尺骨鹰嘴骨折皮质骨加压螺钉固定的实验研究及临床应用

比较尺骨鹰嘴骨折加压螺钉与常用的4种内固定的强度,为临床选择内固定方法提供实验依据。用22具新鲜尸体肘关节做成横型、斜形和粉碎形鹰嘴骨折模型。用5种内固定后置于MD—10E万能电子力学试验机上,测定骨折处的位移与压力的关系;结果:钢丝内固定强度最小,钩钢板最大。髓内加压螺钉固定欠可靠。横形骨折皮质骨加压螺钉与张力带钢丝比较,统计学上无显著差异(P〉0.05),斜形骨折皮质骨加压螺丝钉强于张力带钢丝(P〈0.01)。粉碎形骨折使用钩钢板尤佳(P〈0.01)。临床应用24例中,22例平均随访14个月。骨折全部愈合,优良率达90.91％;认为皮质骨加压螺丝钉治疗横、斜形尺骨鹰嘴骨折,创伤小,操作简便,固定确切,是一种安全可靠的方法。     

Inhibitory effect of human blood granulocyte glycosaminoglycans on colony-forming activity of bone marrow fibroblasts

Inhibitory effect of glycosaminoglycans isolated from peripheral blood granulocytes of patients with chronic myeloleukemia and normal subjects on increment in colony-forming units of fibroblasts in monolayer cultures of rat bone marrow is determined by the degree of sulfation of their main component chondroitin-4-sulfate and by increased content of heparan sulfate. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 125, No. 3, pp. 319–322, March, 1998     

Ultrastructural pathology and cytochemical investigations of l-2-chloropropionic acid-induced neurointoxication of the rat cerebellum

The objectives of the studies described were to assess the ultrastructural neuropathology, blood-brain barrier (BBB) integrity and calcium status of the cerebellum of rats following a single dose of 750 mg · kg^–1 l-2-chloropropionic acid (l-2-CPA). The first indications of intoxication appeared at 36 h when condensation of many granule cells associated with Purkinje cell degeneration and marked astroglial swelling were observed. Some electron-lucent granule cells were also noted lying amongst these condensed forms. Condensed granule cells had swollen, electron-lucent mitochondria, dilated Golgi apparatus and nuclear crenation. Occasionally, areas of granule cell necrosis were also present at this time. Granule cell condensation probably represents a preliminary and irreversible stage in an excitotoxic process that leads to necrosis. At 48 and 72 h, most granule cells were necrotic, and occasionally, extravasation of both erythrocytes and leucocytes into the expanded extravascular space was observed. Evaluation of the BBB by ultrastructural cytochemical visualisation of horseradish peroxidase injected i.v. 2 min before killing by perfusion fixation showed substantial leakage. At 36 h post-dose, ultrastructural calcium localisation using oxalate/pyroantimonate precipitation demonstrated a substantial increase in calcium pyroantimonate precipitate in mitochondria and other membranous cytoplasmic organelles (especially the Golgi apparatus) in condensed granule cells, but with little in their nuclei. However, their immediate neighbours (of ostensibly normal ultrastructural appearances) contained greater amounts of intranuclear precipitate. Swollen astroglial cells (especially the Bergmann glia) contained considerable quantities of precipitate. A possible excitotoxic mechanism via l-2-CPA-induced NMDA receptor agonism leading to overwhelming calcium influx and disruption of cellular calcium homeostasis is proposed. Received: 8 May 1996 / Revised: 1 September 1996 / Accepted: 11 September 1996     

应力松弛接骨板对骨几何形态和力学性能影响的实验观察

作者采用粘弹性材料制成垫圈置于接骨板螺孔与螺丝钉之间，构成应力松弛接骨板系统。实验证实，有垫与无垫接骨板在固定早期对模拟骨的应力遮挡作用相同，固定８周后垫圈出现明显变形和破坏，使有垫接骨板的应力遮挡率从第１０周起明显低于无垫接骨板。有垫接骨板固定的胫骨骨质疏松明显轻于无垫组，固定２０周后，有垫组的胫骨髓腔径明显小于无垫组，骨皮质厚度和胫骨抗弯强度均明显大于无垫组（Ｐ＜０．０５～０．０１）。说明应力松弛接骨板系统早期具有与坚强接骨板相同的固定作用，后期其应力遮挡效应可逐渐减小，避免严重的骨质疏松和骨力学性能下降。     

Effect of Tripterygium Vilfordii on Adrenal Cortex in Rat with Adjuvant Arthritis

(张明敏)(刘沛霖)(叶望云)ＥｆｆｅｃｔｏｆＴｒｉｐｔｅｒｙｇｉｕｍＶｉｌｆｏｒｄｉｉｏｎＡｄｒｅｎａｌＣｏｒｔｅｘｉｎＲａｔｗｉｔｈＡｄｊｕｖａｎｔＡｒｔｈｒｉｔｉｓ￥ＺＨＡＮＧＭｉｎｇ－ｍｉｎ；ＬＩＵＰｅｉ－ｌｉｎ；ＹＥＷａｎｇ－ｙｕｎ（Ｔｏｎｇｊｉ...