A longitudinal,functional study of peripheral nerve recovery in the mouse

Objectives: To verify the validity of the recently described sciatic functional index for mice to monitor neuronal functional recovery over time using a blinded, randomized, and controlled evaluation. Study Design: Surgery was performed on the left sciatic nerves of 62 C57/BL mice after randomly assigning them to one of four surgical groups: sham surgery, sciatic nerve crush, nerve transection without repair, and nerve transection followed by epineurial suture repair. Sciatic functional indices were measured before surgery and then after surgery at 10-day intervals for 90 days, using a previously described formula. Results: Sham surgery did not affect nerve function when compared with preoperative values (P > .24). Crush surgery produced a reversible nerve injury that fully recovered after 20 days. Nerve transection without repair resulted in complete functional disability without recovery of function during the 90-day follow-up interval. When transected nerves were repaired, complete functional disability was noted at day 10, with subsequent functional recovery to 26% of function at day 30. This level of recovery persisted until the 60th postoperative day when muscle contractures resulted in progressive worsening of the index. There were statistically significant differences between the sciatic functional indices of each of the groups (P < .05). Conclusions: The previously described sciatic functional index for mice is an accurate indicator of the level of sciatic neuronal function during recovery. This index represents a method of evaluating neuronal function that may provide a better reflection of the recovery parameters that are important in clinical situations. The sciatic functional index will allow for study of sciatic nerve functional recovery in genetically engineered transgenic mice.     

Long-term effects on feeding and body weight after stimulation of forebrain or hindbrain CRH receptors with urocortin

Research on the contribution of CRH receptor stimulation to energy homeostasis has focused on forebrain substrates. In this study, we explored the effects of caudal brainstem administration of the CRH receptor agonist, urocortin, on food intake and body weight, and on plasma glucose and corticosterone (CORT) in non-deprived rats. Urocortin (0, 0.3, 1, 3 microg) delivered, respectively, to the fourth and lateral ventricles yielded substantial suppression of food intake measured 2, 4 and 24 h later. A significant but more modest anorexia was observed between 24 and 48 h after injection. Intake responses did not differ between the injection sites, but body weight loss measured 24 h after lateral-i.c.v. injection was substantially greater than that after fourth-i.c.v. injection. Fourth-i.c.v. urocortin administration (3 microg) produced substantial elevations in plasma glucose and CORT that were not distinguishable in magnitude and duration from responses to lateral-i.c.v. delivery. Unilateral microinjection of urocortin into the dorsal vagal complex significantly reduced 24-h food intake at a dose (0.1 microg) that was subthreshold for the response to ventricular administration, suggesting that fourth-i.c.v. effects are mediated in part by stimulation of CRH receptors in this region of the caudal brainstem. The results indicate that similar effects can be obtained from stimulation of anatomically disparate populations of CRH receptors, and that interactions between forebrain and hindbrain structures should be considered in the evaluation of CRH contributions to food intake and body weight control.     

内蒙古西部地区城乡蒙汉族女生经前准备情况

目的了解城乡蒙汉族中小学女生的经前准备情况,为开展青春期健康教育提供科学依据.方法采用分层整群抽样的方法,对蒙汉族中小学女生6 298名进行经前准备情况调查.结果城乡蒙汉族中小学女生的经前教育情况城市好于农村,汉族好于蒙族,但总体情况不容乐观.对月经感到紧张忧虑的女生其月经失调、痛经和经前期紧张综合征的发生率均较高.结论应对中小学女生进行正确的、恰当的经前教育,以确保其身心健康.     

应用皮肤试验抑制指数评价阿伐斯汀的起效时间

目的皮肤试验抑制指数(Skin Test Inhibition Index,STII)是评价抗组胺药疗效的一个药效学指标,本试验以阿伐斯汀为例应用STII方法评价抗组胺药阿伐斯汀的起效时间。方法选择27例花粉症病人,分为阿伐斯汀组(24例)和安慰剂组(3例),并分别于服药前及服药30、90min后观察受试者的过敏原皮试反应,计算STII值,并将STII达到10的时间定为起效时间。结果安慰剂组前后过敏原皮试风团无显著差异,而阿伐斯汀组30、90min后,STII值分别为22.2、237.7。故可初步认为阿伐斯汀的起效时间小于30min。结论 STII可做为评价抗组胺药起效时间的客观指标之一。     

火电厂自然降尘对几种人体正常菌株生长的影响

目的研究火电厂自然沉降粉尘对3株人体正常菌的生长作用机制。方法分析所选火电厂粉尘的物相、主要化学成分及粒度分布,测定粉尘与各菌株相互作用后,菌落数、培养基pH值、葡萄糖(GLU)、电解质等相对试验对照样的变化,同时进行扫描电镜(SEM)分析,观察粉尘颗粒与各细菌的界面接触情况。结果3株人体正常菌与火电厂粉尘作用后,Ca2 、Mg2 浓度最大与细菌对照组(0.58mmol/L和0.38mmol/L)相比分别增加了0.69mmol/L(P<0.05)和0.16mmol/L(P<0.05),菌落数与细菌对照组(17×1011CFU/L)相比分别增加了1×1011CFU/L和12×1011CFU/L(P<0.05),而GLU的消耗量、pH值以及其他电解质等变化不明显。结论适量浓度的所选火电厂粉尘对人体正常菌株的生长影响不明显,但火电厂粉尘对人体体表正常菌(表皮葡萄球菌)的生长影响更为显著,更易造成其平衡失调。     

降低体重指数对原发性高血压病降压效果的影响及其临床意义

目的探讨降低体重指数(BodyMassIndex,BMI)对原发性高血压病降压效果的影响及其临床意义。方法选择40例超重或肥胖的(BMI≥24)原发性高血压病患者,分为治疗组与对照组,降低治疗组患者的体重指数,同时观察两组治疗前后血压的变化。结果发现治疗组患者降低体重指数后血压有明显下降,与对照组相比有显著的临床意义(P<0.05)。结论降低超重或肥胖的高血压病患者的体重指数可起到一定的降压效果,应注意降低患者的体重指数。     

夜间营养护理对肝衰竭病人营养状况的影响

目的:探讨肝衰竭病人营养支持中实施夜间营养护理干预的效果。方法:选取2019年3月—2020年7月在我院治疗的82例肝衰竭病人为研究对象,通过随机数字表法分为日间组(41例)及夜间组(41例)。日间组在内科综合治疗基础上给予日间营养干预,夜间组在日间组的基础上加强夜间营养护理。比较两组相关营养指标、Child-Pugh评分、营养风险筛查表2002(NRS-2002)评分、生活质量变化情况。结果:经夜间营养护理干预后,夜间组血清总蛋白(TP)、白蛋白(ALB)、转铁蛋白(TF)、前白蛋白(PA)水平高于日间组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.001);干预2周、4周后夜间组Child-Pugh评分均低于日间组,NRS-2002评分明显低于日间组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.001);夜间组营养护理干预4周后生活质量GQOL-74量表评分高于日间组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.001)。结论:肝衰竭病人住院期间加强实施夜间营养护理干预,可明显改善病人营养状况,降低营养不良发生风险,改善病人生活质量。     

全视网膜光凝治疗糖尿病视网膜病变对视野影响的研究进展

糖尿病视网膜病变(DR)早期视野改变往往比视力更能及时反映病情进展。而全视网膜光凝(PRP)治疗DR在延缓病情进展的同时也造成了患眼视力下降和视野缩小等副作用。有研究表明,PRP治疗后的DR患者可因中心20°范围内的视野缺损而导致驾驶测试失败。为保证PRP疗效同时达到降低并发症的目的,激光技术不断改进与发展,通过调整激光参数、使用新型激光系统、与抗血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)药物联合、中西医结合治疗等方式可一定程度改善患眼视野,实现更佳疗效。未来可考虑在缺血指数(ISI)量化分析下,对视网膜缺血程度进行分级,依据ISI指标和视网膜无灌注区分布探索PRP治疗建议的最佳阈值及光凝范围,从而为DR患者提供更及时、更合理的个性化治疗方案。文章就PRP治疗DR对视野的影响进行简要综述。     

动态动脉硬化指数联合血清肿瘤坏死因子受体相关因子 6、前蛋白转化酶枯草溶菌素 9对急性分水岭脑梗死病人的预后价值

目的探究动态动脉硬化指数( AASI)联合血清肿瘤坏死因子受体相关因子 6(TRAF6)、前蛋白转化酶枯草溶菌素 9(PCSK9)对急性分水岭脑梗死( CWI)病人的预后价值。方法选取 2019年 8月至 2021年 8月保定市第二中心医院收治的 96例急性 CWI病人为研究组,另取同期体检健康者 80例为对照组。收集病人一般临床资料,并对研究组和对照组的血清 TRAF6、 PCSK9水平及 AASI进行检测;根据研究组病人预后情况将其分为预后良好组(67例)和预后不良组( 29例)多因素 logistic回归分析急性 CWI病人预后的影响因素;绘制 AASI与血清 TRAF6、PCSK9对急性 CWI病人预后评估的受试者操,作特征曲线( ROC曲线)。结果研究组血清 TRAF6(1.48±0.34)μg/L、PCSK9(97.25±14.25)μg/L水平及 AASI(0.56±0.15)高于对照组( 0.87±0.19) μg/L、(82.78±9.17)μg/L、(0.36±0.11)(P<0.05)。预后良好组与预后不良组年龄、美国国立卫生研究院卒中量表( NIHSS)评分、空腹血糖、狭窄程度及血管斑块性质差异有统计学意义( P<0.05)。预后不良组血清 TRAF6(1.77±0.37)μg/L、PCSK9(104.82±17.93)μg/L水平及 AASI(0.62±0.12)高于预后良好组( 1.35±0.21)μg/L、(93.97±12.65)μg/L、0.53±0.09(P<0.05)。多因素 logistic回归分析结果显示 NIHSS评分、狭窄程度、血管斑块性质、 AASI、血清 TRAF6、PCSK9水平是急性 CWI病人预后的影响因素( P<0.05)。 AASI联合血清 TRAF6、PCSK9预测急性 CWI病人预后的 AUC是 0.92,灵敏度为 93.10%,特异度为 76.12%,Youden指数为 0.69,优于 AASI、TRAF6、PCSK9各自单独预测(P<0.05)。结论急性 CWI病人血清 TRAF6、PCSK9水平显著升高,联合 AASI对病人的预后状况具有较高的预测效能,可为临床的合理干预和改善病人预后提供依据。     

Long-Term Effect of Gluten-Free Diets on Nutritional Status,Body Composition,and Associated Factors in Adult Saudi Females with Celiac Disease

This cross-sectional study examines the influence of long-term gluten-free diet (GFD) consumption on nutritional status, body composition, and associated factors in adult Saudi females with celiac diseases (CD). Fifty-one patients who have been diagnosed with CD and have been on GFD for more than 1 year were included in this study where data regarding their dietary pattern, as well as a complete analysis of their anthropometric parameters, vitamins B12 and D levels, and complete blood count (CBC), were collected. Data have shown that all included patients showed a reduced intake in all micro and macro-nutrients, as well as vitamin D, folate, calcium, and iron. However, the vast majority of all measured hematological parameters and blood indices were within the expected reference range. In addition, 51%, 43.1%, and 60.8% of the patients showed low waist/hip ratio (WHR), decreased level of total body fat (BF), and decreased level of visceral fat (VF), respectively, whereas 33.3% were slim. The poor educational level and some psychosocial factors were associated with the poor nutritional status of the patients. In conclusion, the GFD-dependent intake by female patients with CD adversely affects their nutritional intake and anthropometric indices and leads to a deficiency in major nutrients, vitamins, and ions.