alpha(v)beta(3) Integrin in central nervous system tumors

alpha(v)beta(3) Is an integrin specifically expressed in endothelial cells of newly forming blood vessels. Integrin-mediated angiogenesis is hypothesized to play a central role in the development and the progression of central nervous system neoplasms. Accordingly, it is considered a potential target for antiangiogenic therapy. In the current study, we compare the expression of alpha(v)beta(3) in ependymomas, oligodendrogliomas, pilocytic astrocytomas, medulloblastomas, and vestibular schwannomas (acoustic neuromas). Samples of 5 tumors of each of the 5 tumor types were harvested surgically and frozen. After the pathological diagnosis was confirmed, immunohistochemistry was performed using an anti- alpha(v)beta(3) monoclonal antibody (LM609). The expression of alpha(v)beta(3) was assessed using a 4-tiered (0-3) grading scheme reflecting the percentage of positively staining vessels. All vestibular schwannomas demonstrated strong (grade 3) alpha(v)beta(3) expression. The expression was uniformly prominent in Antoni B regions of the tumors. Of 5 ependymomas, 4 demonstrated uniformly strong alpha(v)beta(3). Oligodendrogliomas, medulloblastomas, and pilocytic astrocytomas demonstrated more variable alpha(v)beta(3). alpha(v)beta(3) may contribute significantly to angiogenesis in vestibular schwannomas and ependymomas. Despite the high vascular density of oligodendrogliomas, pilocytic astrocytomas, and medulloblastomas, these tumors had variable moderate alpha(v)beta(3) expression. This discrepancy suggests temporal and/or regional variability in the angiogenesis in these types of tumor. This study provides the first demonstration of alpha(v)beta(3) expression in vestibular schwannomas, medulloblastomas, and pilocytic astrocytomas.     

HESR1基因在血管新生中作用的初步研究

目的研究转录因子HESR1在血管新生中的作用。方法检测内皮细胞激活状态HESR1表达的影响,克隆HESR1基因,转染到HUVEC,绿色荧光和PCR观察HESR1在内皮细胞的表达,流式细胞仪检测它对血管内皮细胞增殖,boyden小室检测对细胞迁移的影响,建体外二维血管模型,观察HESR1对血管形成的影响。结果内皮细胞激活状态HESR1的表达下降,HESR1基因能抑制内皮细胞的增殖和迁移,减少血管新生。结论HESR1基因通过抑制内皮细胞的增殖和迁移,使内皮细胞从激活状态转入安静状态,减少血管的形成,维持血管的稳定状态。     

血管生成及其抑制剂在前列腺癌中的研究进展

Angiogenesis plays a key role in progression of prostate cancer. Antigiogenesis becomes a new treament target for prastate cancer. In this review, we focus on the current knowledge of angiogenesis and tumor angiogenesis inhibitor in prastate cancer.     

Role of tumor necrosis factor-α and platelet-activating factor in neoangiogenesis induced by synovial fluids of patients with rheumatoid arthritis

The aim of the present study was to investigate in vivo in a mouse model the stimulation of neoangiogenesis by synovial fluids of patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and to determine the role of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and platelet-activating factor (PAF) in the formation of new vessels. Angiogenesis was studied in a mouse model in which Matrigel, injected subcutaneously, was used as a vehicle for the delivery of potential angiogenic stimuli. Synovial fluids of patients with RA but not with osteoarthritis (OA) were shown to induce neoangiogenesis. Since synovial fluid of patients with RA contained significantly higher levels of TNF-α-like bioactivity and of PAF than that of patients with OA, the role of these mediators was evaluated by using an anti-TNF-α neutralizing monoclonal antibody (mAb) and a PAF receptor antagonist, WEB 2170. When added to Matrigel, anti-TNF-α mAb and particularly WEB 2170 significantly reduced neoangiogenesis induced by synovial fluids of RA patients. Moreover, PAF extracted and purified from synovial fluid induced angiogenesis. These results suggest that the neoangiogenesis observed in rheumatoid synovitis may be due, at least in part, to the angiogenic effect of locally produced TNF-α and PAF.     

人血管抑素A K(1-3)基因的克隆表达、纯化及活性鉴定

目的 克隆人Angiostatin K(1-3)基因,获得有活性的重组人血管抑素蛋白,为进一步开发应用奠定基础.方法 以人新鲜肝脏组织为材料,通过RT-PCR得到人Angiustatin基因的AK(1-3)片段.构建重组质粒pET30a-Angiostatin,转化表达菌Rosetta(DE3),对转化子进行诱导表达,利用Ni-NTA亲和层析纯化目的 产物,并验证其活性.结果 获得了人Angiostatin基因AK(1-3)片段的正确序列,表达和纯化了人血管抑素蛋白,表达量占菌体总蛋白的30%,纯化后证明表达产物具有较高纯度(达到90%).结论 Anginstatin K(1-3)可在原核融合蛋白表达载体中表达,且得到有活性的目的 蛋白.     

Low-dosage metronomic chemotherapy and angiogenesis: topoisomerase inhibitors irinotecan and mitoxantrone stimulate VEGF-A-mediated angiogenesis

Metronomic chemotherapy with cytotoxic agents has been shown to inhibit angiogenesis and, consequently, tumor growth by targeting vascular endothelial cells (ECs). In these regimens, anti-tumor activities additional to anti-angiogenesis may operate. Moreover, chemotherapy typically generates reactive oxygen species in targeted ECs, which can affect angiogenesis. The aim of the present study was to assess the systemic effect of low-dosage metronomic treatment with either irinotecan or mitoxantrone on angiogenesis induced by VEGF-A. Angiogenesis was induced in normal adult rat mesentery by intraperitoneal injection of a low dosage of VEGF-A. Thereafter, irinotecan and mitoxantrone were infused separately continuously at minimally toxic dosages for 14 consecutive days via a subcutaneous osmotic minipump. Angiogenesis was assessed in terms of objective and quantitative variables using morphologic and computerized image analyses. Irinotecan or mitoxantrone significantly stimulated angiogenesis, with ironotecan increasing angiogenesis by 104%, when compared with the vehicle-treated animals. Low-dosage metronomic chemotherapy with irinotecan or mitoxantrone stimulates angiogenesis in the normal mesentery of rats, probably by inducing low-level oxidative stress in the targeted ECs. Whether or not this pertains to tumor angiogenesis may be difficult to confirm, as several anti-tumor modes may operate during low-dosage metronomic chemotherapy.     

人血管抑素A K(1-3)基因的克隆表达、纯化及活性鉴定

目的 克隆人Angiostatin K(1-3)基因,获得有活性的重组人血管抑素蛋白,为进一步开发应用奠定基础.方法 以人新鲜肝脏组织为材料,通过RT-PCR得到人Angiustatin基因的AK(1-3)片段.构建重组质粒pET30a-Angiostatin,转化表达菌Rosetta(DE3),对转化子进行诱导表达,利用Ni-NTA亲和层析纯化目的 产物,并验证其活性.结果 获得了人Angiostatin基因AK(1-3)片段的正确序列,表达和纯化了人血管抑素蛋白,表达量占菌体总蛋白的30%,纯化后证明表达产物具有较高纯度(达到90%).结论 Anginstatin K(1-3)可在原核融合蛋白表达载体中表达,且得到有活性的目的 蛋白.     

CXC趋化因子配体10联合顺铂抑制LL/2肿瘤肺转移的实验研究

目的 研究CXC趋化因子配体10(CXCL10)联合顺铂对荷瘤小鼠LL/2肿瘤肺转移的治疗效果.方法小鼠Lewis肺癌LL/2肿瘤模型建立在C57BL/6小鼠上.实验小鼠随机分4组:CXCL10 顺铂组;CXCL10组;顺铂组;PBS对照组.CXCL10按25 μg/(kg·d)使用,皮下注射,连用30 d.顺铂采用腹腔内注射[5 mg/(kg·week)],于CXCL10治疗的第14、21天使用,连用2个周期.观察肿瘤体积与小鼠生存时间,观察各组小鼠肺表面的肿瘤转移结节数.结果 CXCL10治疗明显抑制了Lewis肺癌的肺转移,肺表面的肿瘤结节数少于对照组(P＜0.05).联合治疗组表现较强的抗肿瘤疗效,其肿瘤生长速度减慢,治疗效果(P＜0.01)优于顺铂或者CXCL10组(P＜0.05).结论 CXC趋化因子配体10联合顺铂更有效地抑制LL/2肿瘤肺转移和延长生存期.     

抗肿瘤血管生成研究的现状与有待解决的问题

 血管生成是指在原有组织血管结构基础上形成新血管结构的过程。1971年Folkman[1]提出了肿瘤血管依赖性生长的概念，并把肿瘤生长分为非血管期和血管期两个生长阶段。固体肿瘤在血管生成前，肿瘤体积一般不超过3 mm3。随着肿瘤细胞的不断增殖，肿瘤组织出现缺氧、代谢产物堆积、pH值改变等，这些因素刺激肿瘤细胞、周围间质细胞和淋巴细胞分泌各种促血管生长刺激因子，通过诱导血管基底膜降解和内皮细胞增殖，启动新生血管的生成。 肿瘤一旦血管化, 不仅生长速度加快，而且容易发生转移，说明血管生成对肿瘤的生长和转移都起到关键作用。因此,在过去30多年中，人们致力于对肿瘤血管生成机制的研究，并试图通过抑制和破坏肿瘤血管生成来建立一种治疗肿瘤的新方法。......